【建議收藏】MD5 算法的Java Bean

MD5信息摘要算法（英語：MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm），一種被廣泛使用的密碼散列函數，可以產生出一個128位（16字節）的散列值（hash value），用於確保信息傳輸完整一致。MD5由美國密碼學家羅納德·李維斯特（Ronald Linn Rivest）設計，於1992年公開，用以取代MD4算法。這套算法的程序在 RFC 1321 標準中被加以規範。1996年後該算法被證實存在弱點，可以被加以破解，對於需要高度安全性的數據，專家一般建議改用其他算法，如SHA-2。2004年，證實MD5算法無法防止碰撞（collision），因此不適用於安全性認證，如SSL公開密鑰認證或是數字簽名等用途。

/************************************************
MD5 算法的Java Bean
Last Modified:10,Mar,2001
 *************************************************/
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.zip.CRC32;
import java.util.zip.CheckedInputStream;

/*************************************************
 * md5 類實現了RSA Data Security, Inc.在提交給IETF 的RFC1321中的MD5 message-digest 算法。
 *************************************************/
public class MD5 {
	/*
	 * 下面這些S11-S44實際上是一個44的矩陣，在原始的C實現中是用#define 實現的， 這裏把它們實現成爲static
	 * final是表示了只讀，切能在同一個進程空間內的多個 Instance間共享
	 */
	private static final int S11 = 7;
	private static final int S12 = 12;
	private static final int S13 = 17;
	private static final int S14 = 22;
	private static final int S21 = 5;
	private static final int S22 = 9;
	private static final int S23 = 14;
	private static final int S24 = 20;
	private static final int S31 = 4;
	private static final int S32 = 11;
	private static final int S33 = 16;
	private static final int S34 = 23;
	private static final int S41 = 6;
	private static final int S42 = 10;
	private static final int S43 = 15;
	private static final int S44 = 21;
	private static final byte[] PADDING = { -128, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
			0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
			0, 0, 0, 0 };
	/*
	 * 下面的三個成員是MD5計算過程中用到的3個核心數據，在原始的C實現中 被定義到MD5_CTX結構中
	 */
	private long[] state = new long[4]; // state (ABCD)
	private long[] count = new long[2]; // number of bits, modulo 2^64 (lsb
										// first)
	private byte[] buffer = new byte[64]; // input buffer
	/*
	 * digestHexStr是MD5的唯一一個公共成員，是最新一次計算結果的 16進制ASCII表示.
	 */
	private String digestHexStr;
	/*
	 * digest,是最新一次計算結果的2進制內部表示，表示128bit的MD5值.
	 */
	private byte[] digest = new byte[16];

	/**
	 * getMD5ofStr是類MD5最主要的公共方法，入口參數是你想要進行MD5變換的字符串
	 * 返回的是變換完的結果，這個結果是從公共成員digestHexStr取得的．
	 */
	public String getMD5ofStr(String inbuf) {
		md5Init();
		md5Update(inbuf.getBytes(), inbuf.length());
		md5Final();
		digestHexStr = "";
		for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
			digestHexStr += byteHEX(digest[i]);
		}
		return digestHexStr;
	}

	// 這是MD5這個類的標準構造函數，JavaBean要求有一個public的並且沒有參數的構造函數
	public MD5() {
		md5Init();
		return;
	}

	/* md5Init是一個初始化函數，初始化核心變量，裝入標準的幻數 */
	private void md5Init() {
		count[0] = 0L;
		count[1] = 0L;
		// /* Load magic initialization constants.
		state[0] = 0x67452301L;
		state[1] = 0xefcdab89L;
		state[2] = 0x98badcfeL;
		state[3] = 0x10325476L;
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * F, G, H ,I 是4個基本的MD5函數，在原始的MD5的C實現中，由於它們是
	 * 簡單的位運算，可能出於效率的考慮把它們實現成了宏，在java中，我們把它們 實現成了private方法，名字保持了原來C中的。
	 */
	private long F(long x, long y, long z) {
		return (x & y) | ((~x) & z);
	}

	private long G(long x, long y, long z) {
		return (x & z) | (y & (~z));
	}

	private long H(long x, long y, long z) {
		return x ^ y ^ z;
	}

	private long I(long x, long y, long z) {
		return y ^ (x | (~z));
	}

	/*
	 * Rotation is separate from addition to prevent recomputation.
	 */
	private long FF(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s, long ac) {
		a += F(b, c, d) + x + ac;
		a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
		a += b;
		return a;
	}

	private long GG(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s, long ac) {
		a += G(b, c, d) + x + ac;
		a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
		a += b;
		return a;
	}

	private long HH(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s, long ac) {
		a += H(b, c, d) + x + ac;
		a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
		a += b;
		return a;
	}

	private long II(long a, long b, long c, long d, long x, long s, long ac) {
		a += I(b, c, d) + x + ac;
		a = ((int) a << s) | ((int) a >>> (32 - s));
		a += b;
		return a;
	}

	/*
	 * md5Update是MD5的主計算過程，inbuf是要變換的字節串，inputlen是長度，這個
	 * 函數由getMD5ofStr調用，調用之前需要調用md5init，因此把它設計成private的
	 */
	private void md5Update(byte[] inbuf, int inputLen) {
		int i, index, partLen;
		byte[] block = new byte[64];
		index = (int) (count[0] >>> 3) & 0x3F;
		// /* Update number of bits */
		if ((count[0] += (inputLen << 3)) < (inputLen << 3))
			count[1]++;
		count[1] += (inputLen >>> 29);
		partLen = 64 - index;
		// Transform as many times as possible.
		if (inputLen >= partLen) {
			md5Memcpy(buffer, inbuf, index, 0, partLen);
			md5Transform(buffer);
			for (i = partLen; i + 63 < inputLen; i += 64) {
				md5Memcpy(block, inbuf, 0, i, 64);
				md5Transform(block);
			}
			index = 0;
		} else
			i = 0;
		// /* Buffer remaining input */
		md5Memcpy(buffer, inbuf, index, i, inputLen - i);
	}

	/*
	 * md5Final整理和填寫輸出結果
	 */
	private void md5Final() {
		byte[] bits = new byte[8];
		int index, padLen;
		// /* Save number of bits */
		Encode(bits, count, 8);
		// /* Pad out to 56 mod 64.
		index = (int) (count[0] >>> 3) & 0x3f;
		padLen = (index < 56) ? (56 - index) : (120 - index);
		md5Update(PADDING, padLen);
		// /* Append length (before padding) */
		md5Update(bits, 8);
		// /* Store state in digest */
		Encode(digest, state, 16);
	}

	/*
	 * md5Memcpy是一個內部使用的byte數組的塊拷貝函數，從input的inpos開始把len長度的
	 * 字節拷貝到output的outpos位置開始
	 */
	private void md5Memcpy(byte[] output, byte[] input, int outpos, int inpos, int len) {
		int i;
		for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
			output[outpos + i] = input[inpos + i];
	}

	/*
	 * md5Transform是MD5核心變換程序，有md5Update調用，block是分塊的原始字節
	 */
	private void md5Transform(byte block[]) {
		long a = state[0], b = state[1], c = state[2], d = state[3];
		long[] x = new long[16];
		Decode(x, block, 64);

		/* Round 1 */
		a = FF(a, b, c, d, x[0], S11, 0xd76aa478L); /* 1 */
		d = FF(d, a, b, c, x[1], S12, 0xe8c7b756L); /* 2 */
		c = FF(c, d, a, b, x[2], S13, 0x242070dbL); /* 3 */
		b = FF(b, c, d, a, x[3], S14, 0xc1bdceeeL); /* 4 */
		a = FF(a, b, c, d, x[4], S11, 0xf57c0fafL); /* 5 */
		d = FF(d, a, b, c, x[5], S12, 0x4787c62aL); /* 6 */
		c = FF(c, d, a, b, x[6], S13, 0xa8304613L); /* 7 */
		b = FF(b, c, d, a, x[7], S14, 0xfd469501L); /* 8 */
		a = FF(a, b, c, d, x[8], S11, 0x698098d8L); /* 9 */
		d = FF(d, a, b, c, x[9], S12, 0x8b44f7afL); /* 10 */
		c = FF(c, d, a, b, x[10], S13, 0xffff5bb1L); /* 11 */
		b = FF(b, c, d, a, x[11], S14, 0x895cd7beL); /* 12 */
		a = FF(a, b, c, d, x[12], S11, 0x6b901122L); /* 13 */
		d = FF(d, a, b, c, x[13], S12, 0xfd987193L); /* 14 */
		c = FF(c, d, a, b, x[14], S13, 0xa679438eL); /* 15 */
		b = FF(b, c, d, a, x[15], S14, 0x49b40821L); /* 16 */
		/* Round 2 */
		a = GG(a, b, c, d, x[1], S21, 0xf61e2562L); /* 17 */
		d = GG(d, a, b, c, x[6], S22, 0xc040b340L); /* 18 */
		c = GG(c, d, a, b, x[11], S23, 0x265e5a51L); /* 19 */
		b = GG(b, c, d, a, x[0], S24, 0xe9b6c7aaL); /* 20 */
		a = GG(a, b, c, d, x[5], S21, 0xd62f105dL); /* 21 */
		d = GG(d, a, b, c, x[10], S22, 0x2441453L); /* 22 */
		c = GG(c, d, a, b, x[15], S23, 0xd8a1e681L); /* 23 */
		b = GG(b, c, d, a, x[4], S24, 0xe7d3fbc8L); /* 24 */
		a = GG(a, b, c, d, x[9], S21, 0x21e1cde6L); /* 25 */
		d = GG(d, a, b, c, x[14], S22, 0xc33707d6L); /* 26 */
		c = GG(c, d, a, b, x[3], S23, 0xf4d50d87L); /* 27 */
		b = GG(b, c, d, a, x[8], S24, 0x455a14edL); /* 28 */
		a = GG(a, b, c, d, x[13], S21, 0xa9e3e905L); /* 29 */
		d = GG(d, a, b, c, x[2], S22, 0xfcefa3f8L); /* 30 */
		c = GG(c, d, a, b, x[7], S23, 0x676f02d9L); /* 31 */
		b = GG(b, c, d, a, x[12], S24, 0x8d2a4c8aL); /* 32 */
		/* Round 3 */
		a = HH(a, b, c, d, x[5], S31, 0xfffa3942L); /* 33 */
		d = HH(d, a, b, c, x[8], S32, 0x8771f681L); /* 34 */
		c = HH(c, d, a, b, x[11], S33, 0x6d9d6122L); /* 35 */
		b = HH(b, c, d, a, x[14], S34, 0xfde5380cL); /* 36 */
		a = HH(a, b, c, d, x[1], S31, 0xa4beea44L); /* 37 */
		d = HH(d, a, b, c, x[4], S32, 0x4bdecfa9L); /* 38 */
		c = HH(c, d, a, b, x[7], S33, 0xf6bb4b60L); /* 39 */
		b = HH(b, c, d, a, x[10], S34, 0xbebfbc70L); /* 40 */
		a = HH(a, b, c, d, x[13], S31, 0x289b7ec6L); /* 41 */
		d = HH(d, a, b, c, x[0], S32, 0xeaa127faL); /* 42 */
		c = HH(c, d, a, b, x[3], S33, 0xd4ef3085L); /* 43 */
		b = HH(b, c, d, a, x[6], S34, 0x4881d05L); /* 44 */
		a = HH(a, b, c, d, x[9], S31, 0xd9d4d039L); /* 45 */
		d = HH(d, a, b, c, x[12], S32, 0xe6db99e5L); /* 46 */
		c = HH(c, d, a, b, x[15], S33, 0x1fa27cf8L); /* 47 */
		b = HH(b, c, d, a, x[2], S34, 0xc4ac5665L); /* 48 */
		/* Round 4 */
		a = II(a, b, c, d, x[0], S41, 0xf4292244L); /* 49 */
		d = II(d, a, b, c, x[7], S42, 0x432aff97L); /* 50 */
		c = II(c, d, a, b, x[14], S43, 0xab9423a7L); /* 51 */
		b = II(b, c, d, a, x[5], S44, 0xfc93a039L); /* 52 */
		a = II(a, b, c, d, x[12], S41, 0x655b59c3L); /* 53 */
		d = II(d, a, b, c, x[3], S42, 0x8f0ccc92L); /* 54 */
		c = II(c, d, a, b, x[10], S43, 0xffeff47dL); /* 55 */
		b = II(b, c, d, a, x[1], S44, 0x85845dd1L); /* 56 */
		a = II(a, b, c, d, x[8], S41, 0x6fa87e4fL); /* 57 */
		d = II(d, a, b, c, x[15], S42, 0xfe2ce6e0L); /* 58 */
		c = II(c, d, a, b, x[6], S43, 0xa3014314L); /* 59 */
		b = II(b, c, d, a, x[13], S44, 0x4e0811a1L); /* 60 */
		a = II(a, b, c, d, x[4], S41, 0xf7537e82L); /* 61 */
		d = II(d, a, b, c, x[11], S42, 0xbd3af235L); /* 62 */
		c = II(c, d, a, b, x[2], S43, 0x2ad7d2bbL); /* 63 */
		b = II(b, c, d, a, x[9], S44, 0xeb86d391L); /* 64 */
		state[0] += a;
		state[1] += b;
		state[2] += c;
		state[3] += d;
	}

	/*
	 * Encode把long數組按順序拆成byte數組，因爲java的long類型是64bit的， 只拆低32bit，以適應原始C實現的用途
	 */
	private void Encode(byte[] output, long[] input, int len) {
		int i, j;
		for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4) {
			output[j] = (byte) (input[i] & 0xffL);
			output[j + 1] = (byte) ((input[i] >>> 8) & 0xffL);
			output[j + 2] = (byte) ((input[i] >>> 16) & 0xffL);
			output[j + 3] = (byte) ((input[i] >>> 24) & 0xffL);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Decode把byte數組按順序合成成long數組，因爲java的long類型是64bit的，
	 * 只合成低32bit，高32bit清零，以適應原始C實現的用途
	 */
	private void Decode(long[] output, byte[] input, int len) {
		int i, j;
		for (i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++, j += 4)
			output[i] = b2iu(input[j]) | (b2iu(input[j + 1]) << 8) | (b2iu(input[j + 2]) << 16)
					| (b2iu(input[j + 3]) << 24);
		return;
	}

	/**
	 * b2iu是我寫的一個把byte按照不考慮正負號的原則的＂升位＂程序，因爲java沒有unsigned運算
	 */
	public static long b2iu(byte b) {
		return b < 0 ? b & 0x7F + 128 : b;
	}

	/**
	 * byteHEX()，用來把一個byte類型的數轉換成十六進制的ASCII表示，
	 * 因爲java中的byte的toString無法實現這一點，我們又沒有C語言中的 sprintf(outbuf,"%02X",ib)
	 */
	public static String byteHEX(byte ib) {
		char[] Digit = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F' };
		char[] ob = new char[2];
		ob[0] = Digit[(ib >>> 4) & 0X0F];
		ob[1] = Digit[ib & 0X0F];
		String s = new String(ob);
		return s;
	}

	// -----------------------------------------------------------

	/**
	 * 獲取單個文件的MD5值！
	 * 
	 * @param file
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getFileMD5(File file) {
		if (!file.isFile()) {
			return null;
		}
		MessageDigest digest = null;
		FileInputStream in = null;
		byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];
		int len;
		try {
			digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
			in = new FileInputStream(file);
			while ((len = in.read(buffer, 0, 1024)) != -1) {
				digest.update(buffer, 0, len);
			}
			in.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
		BigInteger bigInt = new BigInteger(1, digest.digest());
		return bigInt.toString(16).toUpperCase();
	}

	/**
	 * 獲取單個文件的SHA1值！
	 * 
	 * @param file
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getFileSHA1(File file) {
		if (!file.isFile()) {
			return null;
		}
		MessageDigest digest = null;
		FileInputStream in = null;
		byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];
		int len;
		try {
			digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
			in = new FileInputStream(file);
			while ((len = in.read(buffer, 0, 1024)) != -1) {
				digest.update(buffer, 0, len);
			}
			in.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
		BigInteger bigInt = new BigInteger(1, digest.digest());
		return bigInt.toString(16).toUpperCase();
	}

	/**
	 * 獲取單個文件的CRC32值！
	 * 
	 * @param file
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static String getFileCRC32(File file) {
		FileInputStream fileinputstream;
		try {
			fileinputstream = new FileInputStream(file);
			CRC32 crc32 = new CRC32();
			for (CheckedInputStream checkedinputstream = new CheckedInputStream(fileinputstream,
					crc32); checkedinputstream.read() != -1;) {
			}
			return Long.toHexString(crc32.getValue());
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 獲取文件夾中文件的MD5值
	 * 
	 * @param file
	 * @param listChild
	 *            ;true遞歸子目錄中的文件
	 * @return
	 */
	public static Map<String, String> getDirMD5(File file, boolean listChild) {
		if (!file.isDirectory()) {
			return null;
		}
		// <filepath,md5>
		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
		String md5;
		File files[] = file.listFiles();
		for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
			File f = files[i];
			if (f.isDirectory() && listChild) {
				map.putAll(getDirMD5(f, listChild));
			} else {
				md5 = getFileMD5(f);
				if (md5 != null) {
					map.put(f.getPath(), md5);
				}
			}
		}
		return map;
	}

	/**
	 * 獲取文件夾中文件的SHA1值
	 * 
	 * @param file
	 * @param listChild
	 *            ;true遞歸子目錄中的文件
	 * @return
	 */
	public static Map<String, String> getDirSHA1(File file, boolean listChild) {
		if (!file.isDirectory()) {
			return null;
		}
		// <filepath,SHA1>
		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
		String sha1;
		File files[] = file.listFiles();
		for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
			File f = files[i];
			if (f.isDirectory() && listChild) {
				map.putAll(getDirSHA1(f, listChild));
			} else {
				sha1 = getFileSHA1(f);
				if (sha1 != null) {
					map.put(f.getPath(), sha1);
				}
			}
		}
		return map;
	}

	/**
	 * 獲取文件夾中文件的CRC32值
	 * 
	 * @param file
	 * @param listChild
	 *            ;true遞歸子目錄中的文件
	 * @return
	 */
	public static Map<String, String> getDirCRC32(File file, boolean listChild) {
		if (!file.isDirectory()) {
			return null;
		}
		// <filepath,CRC32>
		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
		String crc32;
		File files[] = file.listFiles();
		for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
			File f = files[i];
			if (f.isDirectory() && listChild) {
				map.putAll(getDirCRC32(f, listChild));
			} else {
				crc32 = getFileCRC32(f);
				if (crc32 != null) {
					map.put(f.getPath(), crc32);
				}
			}
		}
		return map;
	}
}