有人說，看了很多開源License的文章，我還是不知道如果修改了或者引用了他人發佈的開源軟件，然後重新發布自己的修改版本，該怎麼做？如何加上自己的著作權同時又尊重原來的作者。其實就差一個例子，看看Apache Maven就明白了。
一、安裝包中包含LICENSE、NOTICE、README三個文本文件
打開Apache Maven一目瞭然，裏面包含三個文件“LICENSE、NOTICE、README”且都是文本文件，如下圖所示：
很多程序員寫項目都會忽略寫文檔，一個完整的項目建議包含這三個文件，既能提升檔次，又能給用戶幫助。這三個文件合成一個行不行呢？也可以，其實沒有嚴格的規定，但是建議分開，這三個文件各有側重，而且很多大型的開源項目都是必備這三個文件，建議向大佬看齊。下面依次打開這三個文件，看看全文、
二、LICENSE文件及內容
打開Apache Maven中的LICENSE文件可以看到主要分成兩大部分：
第一部分：Apache LICENSE2.0的內容，也是Apache Maven自身的授權條款。
第二部分：Apache Maven中用到的第三方組件和它的License。如果沒有用到第三方開源項目或者第三方開源項目與Maven授權一樣，那麼這一部分可以不寫，但是版權中必須聲明第三方項目所屬的版權（可在NOTICE中統一聲明）。同理，如果當前項目是一個衍生產品，即基於他人的作品修改後的發佈，那麼也是採用同樣的處理方式。
Apache Maven的License全文內容如下：
Apache License
Version 2.0, January 2004
http://www.apache.org/licenses/TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
1. Definitions.
"License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
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otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
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copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
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form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
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on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
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(except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
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where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
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institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
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or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
as of the date such litigation is filed.4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
meet the following conditions:(a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
Derivative Works a copy of this License; and(b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that You changed the files; and(c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
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any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
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names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
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Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
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has been advised of the possibility of such damages.9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
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of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
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of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
the brackets!) The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
Apache Maven includes a number of components and libraries with separate
copyright notices and license terms. Your use of those components are
subject to the terms and conditions of the following licenses:- lib/guava-25.1-android.jar: com.google.guava:guava:bundle:25.1-android
Guava: Google Core Libraries for Java
Project URL: https://github.com/google/guava/
License: The Apache Software License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/guava.license)
- lib/guice-4.2.1.jar: com.google.inject:guice:jar:4.2.1
Google Guice - Core Library
Project URL: https://github.com/google/guice/
License: The Apache Software License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/guice.license)
- lib/commons-cli-1.4.jar: commons-cli:commons-cli:jar:1.4
Apache Commons CLI
Project URL: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-cli/
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/commons-cli.license)
- lib/commons-io-2.5.jar: commons-io:commons-io:jar:2.5
Apache Commons IO
Project URL: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/commons-io.license)
- lib/jsr250-api-1.0.jar: javax.annotation:jsr250-api:jar:1.0
JSR-250 Common Annotations for the JavaTM Platform
Project URL: http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/final/jsr250/index.html
License: COMMON DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION LICENSE (CDDL) Version 1.0 (CDDL-1.0) https://glassfish.dev.java.net/public/CDDLv1.0.html (lib/jsr250-api.license)
- lib/cdi-api-1.0.jar: javax.enterprise:cdi-api:jar:1.0
CDI APIs
Project URL: http://www.seamframework.org/Weld/cdi-api
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 (lib/cdi-api.license)
- lib/javax.inject-1.jar: javax.inject:javax.inject:jar:1
javax.inject
Project URL: http://code.google.com/p/atinject/
License: The Apache Software License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/javax.inject.license)
- lib/commons-lang3-3.8.1.jar: org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:jar:3.8.1
Apache Commons Lang
Project URL: http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-lang/
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/commons-lang3.license)
- boot/plexus-classworlds-2.6.0.jar: org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-classworlds:bundle:2.6.0
Plexus Classworlds
Project URL: http://codehaus-plexus.github.io/plexus-classworlds/
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (boot/plexus-classworlds.license)
- lib/plexus-component-annotations-2.1.0.jar: org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-component-annotations:jar:2.1.0
Plexus :: Component Annotations
Project URL: http://codehaus-plexus.github.io/plexus-containers/plexus-component-annotations/
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/plexus-component-annotations.license)
- lib/plexus-interpolation-1.25.jar: org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-interpolation:bundle:1.25
Plexus Interpolation API
Project URL: http://codehaus-plexus.github.io/plexus-interpolation/
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/plexus-interpolation.license)
- lib/plexus-utils-3.2.1.jar: org.codehaus.plexus:plexus-utils:jar:3.2.1
Plexus Common Utilities
Project URL: http://codehaus-plexus.github.io/plexus-utils/
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/plexus-utils.license)
- lib/org.eclipse.sisu.inject-0.3.4.jar: org.eclipse.sisu:org.eclipse.sisu.inject:jar:0.3.4
org.eclipse.sisu.inject
Project URL: https://www.eclipse.org/sisu/
License: Eclipse Public License, Version 1.0 (EPL-1.0) http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html (lib/org.eclipse.sisu.inject.license)
- lib/org.eclipse.sisu.plexus-0.3.4.jar: org.eclipse.sisu:org.eclipse.sisu.plexus:jar:0.3.4
org.eclipse.sisu.plexus
Project URL: https://www.eclipse.org/sisu/
License: Eclipse Public License, Version 1.0 (EPL-1.0) http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html (lib/org.eclipse.sisu.plexus.license)
- lib/jansi-1.17.1.jar: org.fusesource.jansi:jansi:jar:1.17.1
jansi
Project URL: http://fusesource.github.io/jansi/jansi
License: The Apache Software License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/jansi.license)
- lib/jsoup-1.12.1.jar: org.jsoup:jsoup:jar:1.12.1
jsoup Java HTML Parser
Project URL: https://jsoup.org/
License: The MIT License (MIT) https://jsoup.org/license (lib/jsoup.license)
- lib/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.29.jar: org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.29
JCL 1.2 implemented over SLF4J
Project URL: http://www.slf4j.org
License: Apache License, Version 2.0 (ASL-2.0) https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt (lib/jcl-over-slf4j.license)
- lib/slf4j-api-1.7.29.jar: org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.29
SLF4J API Module
Project URL: http://www.slf4j.org
License: MIT License (MIT) http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php (lib/slf4j-api.license)
- lib/plexus-cipher-1.7.jar: org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-cipher:jar:1.7
Plexus Cipher: encryption/decryption Component
Project URL: http://spice.sonatype.org/plexus-cipher
License: Apache Public License 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 (lib/plexus-cipher.license)
- lib/plexus-sec-dispatcher-1.4.jar: org.sonatype.plexus:plexus-sec-dispatcher:jar:1.4
Plexus Security Dispatcher Component
Project URL: http://spice.sonatype.org/plexus-sec-dispatcher
License: Apache Public License 2.0 (ASL-2.0) http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 (lib/plexus-sec-dispatcher.license)
三、NOTICE文件
NOTICE文件主要聲明瞭Apache Maven的版權信息，以及它引用的第三方組件的版權信息。全文內容如下：
Apache Maven Distribution
Copyright 2001-2019 The Apache Software FoundationThis product includes software developed at
The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
This software bundles the following NOTICE files from third party library providers:META-INF/NOTICE in archive lib/guice-4.2.1-no_aop.jar
Google Guice - Core Library
Copyright 2006-2018 Google, Inc.
This product includes software developed at
The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).META-INF/NOTICE in archive lib/plexus-utils-3.2.1.jar
This product includes software developed by the Indiana University
Extreme! Lab (http://www.extreme.indiana.edu/).
This product includes software developed by
The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
This product includes software developed by
ThoughtWorks (http://www.thoughtworks.com).
This product includes software developed by
javolution (http://javolution.org/).
This product includes software developed by
Rome (https://rome.dev.java.net/).about.html in archive lib/org.eclipse.sisu.inject-0.3.4.jar
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"/>
<title>About org.eclipse.sisu.inject</title>
</head>
<body lang="EN-US">
<h2>About org.eclipse.sisu.inject</h2>
<p>November 5, 2013</p>
<h3>License</h3><p>The Eclipse Foundation makes available all content in this plug-in ("Content"). Unless otherwise
indicated below, the Content is provided to you under the terms and conditions of the
Eclipse Public License Version 1.0 ("EPL"). A copy of the EPL is available
at <a href="http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html">http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html</a>.
For purposes of the EPL, "Program" will mean the Content.</p><p>If you did not receive this Content directly from the Eclipse Foundation, the Content is
being redistributed by another party ("Redistributor") and different terms and conditions may
apply to your use of any object code in the Content. Check the Redistributor's license that was
provided with the Content. If no such license exists, contact the Redistributor. Unless otherwise
indicated below, the terms and conditions of the EPL still apply to any source code in the Content
and such source code may be obtained at <a href="http://www.eclipse.org/">http://www.eclipse.org</a>.</p><h3>Third Party Content</h3>
<p>The Content includes items that have been sourced from third parties as set
out below. If you did not receive this Content directly from the Eclipse Foundation,
the following is provided for informational purposes only, and you should look
to the Redistributor's license for terms and conditions of use.</p><h4>ASM 4.1</h4>
<p>The plug-in includes software developed by the ObjectWeb consortium as part
of the ASM project at <a href="http://asm.ow2.org/">http://asm.ow2.org/</a>.</p><p>A subset of ASM is re-packaged within the source and binary of the plug-in (org.eclipse.sisu.space.asm.*)
to avoid version collisions with other usage and is also available from the plug-in's github repository.</p><p>Your use of the ASM code is subject to the terms and conditions of the ASM License
below which is also available at <a href="http://asm.ow2.org/license.html">http://asm.ow2.org/license.html</a>.</p><blockquote><pre>
Copyright (c) 2000-2011 INRIA, France Telecom
All rights reserved.Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.3. Neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
this software without specific prior written permission.THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
</pre></blockquote></body>
</html>
四、README文件
README文件向用戶介紹了Apache Maven產品本身，包括如何使用，如何查看和獲得授權等提示信息。全文內容如下：
Apache MavenWhat is it?
-----------Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool. Based on
the concept of a Project Object Model (POM), Maven can manage a project's
build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of information.Documentation
-------------The most up-to-date documentation can be found at https://maven.apache.org/.
Release Notes
-------------The full list of changes can be found at https://maven.apache.org/docs/history.html.
System Requirements
-------------------JDK:
1.7 or above (this is to execute Maven - it still allows you to build against 1.3
and prior JDK's).
Memory:
No minimum requirement.
Disk:
Approximately 10MB is required for the Maven installation itself. In addition to
that, additional disk space will be used for your local Maven repository. The size
of your local repository will vary depending on usage but expect at least 500MB.
Operating System:
Windows:
Windows 2000 or above.
Unix based systems (Linux, Solaris and Mac OS X) and others:
No minimum requirement.Installing Maven
----------------1) Unpack the archive where you would like to store the binaries, e.g.:
Unix-based operating systems (Linux, Solaris and Mac OS X)
tar zxvf apache-maven-3.x.y.tar.gz
Windows
unzip apache-maven-3.x.y.zip2) A directory called "apache-maven-3.x.y" will be created.
3) Add the bin directory to your PATH, e.g.:
Unix-based operating systems (Linux, Solaris and Mac OS X)
export PATH=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.x.y/bin:$PATH
Windows
set PATH="c:\program files\apache-maven-3.x.y\bin";%PATH%4) Make sure JAVA_HOME is set to the location of your JDK
5) Run "mvn --version" to verify that it is correctly installed.
For complete documentation, see https://maven.apache.org/download.html#Installation
Licensing
---------Please see the file called LICENSE.
Maven URLS
----------Home Page: https://maven.apache.org/
Downloads: https://maven.apache.org/download.html
Release Notes: https://maven.apache.org/docs/history.html
Mailing Lists: https://maven.apache.org/mailing-lists.html
Source Code: https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/maven.git
Issue Tracking: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MNG
Wiki: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/
Available Plugins: https://maven.apache.org/plugins/
總結
修改源碼重新發布或引用第三方開源組件發佈，應當這麼做：
安裝包備齊三個文件：LICENSE+NOTICE+README
LICENSE列明授權：自己的授權和第三方授權分別列明，授權相同無需重複羅列。
NOTICE聲明版權：聲明自己版權+他人版權
README：告知如何查看授權信息。