centos7 安装python(v3.7.4)

系统环境

CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
Linux version 3.10.0-1062.1.1.el7.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Fri Sep 13 22:55:44 UTC 2019

1.下载安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.4/Python-3.7.4.tgz
要是慢用我的七牛云  
wget http://www.obs.sixmillions.cn/packages/Python-3.7.4.tgz

2.解压

tar xf Python-3.7.4.tgz -C /usr/local/src/

3.编译安装

# 进入解压目录
cd /usr/local/src/Python-3.7.4/

# 配置
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3

如果用下面这个加–enable-optimizations后make的过程巨慢(我用了20分钟)，但系统在执行Python代码时会有10%-20%的性能提升

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations

安装

make && make install

4.建立软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

5.配置环境变量

vim /etc/bashrc
# 增加
export PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/python3
export PATH=$PYTHON_HOME/bin:$PATH

# 保存退出
# 生效
source /etc/bashrc

6.查看

python3 -V
pip3 -V

若抱错

无gcc

configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH

解决方式

yum install gcc

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘_ctypes’

安装这个模块

yum install libffi-devel 

zipimport.ZipImportError: can’t decompress data; zlib not available

yum install zlib*

# 要安装所有相关的