qt学习 - 第一个项目ubuntu下vscode+qmake

参考：
Compiling your first Qt Program in Ubuntu
Vscode开发Qt
Visual Studio Code开发Qt应用程序实现自动提示、语法高亮、代码导航、编译和调试

安装环境

1. In order to install the Build Essential package: $ sudo apt-get install build-essential
2. In order to install the Qt Creator package that contains both the UI and command line tools for Qt project creation and execution:
   $ sudo apt-get install qtcreator
3. If you want Qt 5 to be used as the default Qt Creator version, then run the following command:
   $ sudo apt install qt5-default
4. Install the Qt documentation and examples:
   $ sudo apt-get install qt5-doc qtbase5-examples qtbase5-doc-html

vscode 配置

1. 创建目录做为workspace，就叫qt吧。
2. 按照指引或手动创建配置文件，以实现代码导航
   • .vscode/c_cpp_properties.json：

     {
         "configurations": [
             {
                 "name": "Linux",
                 "includePath": [
                     "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                     "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/QtWidgets",
                     "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/*"
                 ],
                 "defines": [],
                 "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/clang",
                 "cStandard": "c11",
                 "cppStandard": "c++17",
                 "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64"
             }
         ],
         "version": 4
     }
     

3. 创建cpp文件
   • testmain.cpp：

       #include <QApplication>
       #include <QLabel>
       #include <QWidget>
       
       int main(int argc, char *argv[])
       {
           QApplication app(argc, argv);
           QLabel hello("<center>Welcome to my first Qt program</center>");
           hello.setWindowTitle("My First Qt Program");
           hello.resize(400, 400);
           hello.show();
           return app.exec();
       }
     

4. 使用qmake生成qt工程
   $ qmake -project
   会生成一个qt.pro文件，文件名规则是 ‘工程目录名’.pro 。
   其中有一行声明了目标文件：TARGET = qt。
   我们在里面添加一行：QT += gui widgets 应该是声明依赖的作用。
5. 使用qmake生成Makefile
   $ qmake qt.pro
6. 编译
   $ make 即可生成可执行文件，文件名是pro文件制定的TARGET。
7. 运行一下看看
   $ chmod +x qt && ./qt ，会弹出一个窗口：
   
8. 使用vscode的run功能：
   • 新建 launch.json 文件：

     {
         // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
         // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
         // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
         "version": "0.2.0",
         "configurations": [
             {
                 "name": "(gdb) Launch",
                 "type": "cppdbg",
                 "request": "launch",
                 "program": "${workspaceFolder}/qt",
                 "args": [],
                 "stopAtEntry": false,
                 "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
                 "environment": [],
                 "externalConsole": false,
                 "MIMode": "gdb",
                 "setupCommands": [
                     {
                         "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                         "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                         "ignoreFailures": true
                     }
                 ],
                 "preLaunchTask": "Build"
             }
         ]
     }
     

     其中有一行 "preLaunchTask": "Build" ， 这个Build会在tasks.json文件里找定义。
   • 新建 tasks.json 文件

     {
         "version": "2.0.0",
         "tasks": [
             {
                 "label": "Build",                              // build任务
                 "type": "shell",
                 // "command": "make -f Makefile"
                 "command" : "qmake"
             }
         ]
     }
     

     这时就可以在vscode的run中点击运行了。
9. 看下现在的目录结构：

   ├── Makefile
   ├── .qmake.stash
   ├── qt
   ├── qt.pro
   ├── testmain.cpp
   ├── testmain.o
   └── .vscode
   	├── c_cpp_properties.json
   	├── launch.json
   	├── settings.json		 // 没啥意义，vscode提示自动生成的
   	└── tasks.json
   
   1 directory, 10 files