php是腳本語言，由於腳本語言本身的運行機制，導致運行速度不如Java、go之類的編譯型的語言。Laravel作爲php編寫的MVC框架，由於集成度很高，每次運行都加載了大量文件，加之使用了大量的閉包、魔術方法，導致laravel框架很重，併發性能極差。OPcache和Swoole都是php的擴展，可以用來加快php程序的響應速度，本文旨在比較這兩個擴展分別開啓後對Laravel應用的加速效果。
（1）前期準備
測試所用的主機爲虛擬機，虛擬機配置在雙核4GB的個人電腦中。虛擬機系統爲linux，http服務器採用nginx，用lnmp腳本安裝nginx、mysql、php。Laravel框架爲7.X版本。
配置站點，在nginx的server塊中配置虛擬主機
server{
listen 80;
root "/vagrant/www/laravel7/public";
server_name test.laravel.com;
index index.html index.php;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}}
編輯/etc/hosts文件，在新行添加
127.0.0.1 test.laravel.com
打開項目，新建控制器TestController，在裏面新建一個test方法：
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
class TestController extends Controller
{
public function test()
{
return 123;
}
}
在routes/api.php中註冊一個路由：
Route::get('test', 'TestController@test');
在app/Http/Kernel文件中，關掉頻率限制中間件throttle。
（2）不開啓opcache和laravel
修改php-fpm.conf文件，修改pm和pm.max_children 配置，pm設置爲static，pm.max_children設置爲50，以獲得較好的併發性能。
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-cgi.sock
listen.backlog = -1
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0666
user = www
group = www
pm = static
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 20
request_terminate_timeout = 100
request_slowlog_timeout = 0
slowlog = var/log/slow.log
重啓fpm後用ab壓測：ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://test.laravel.com/api/test
Server Software: nginx
Server Hostname: test.laravel.com
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /api/test
Document Length: 3 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 148.306 seconds
Complete requests: 1000
Failed requests: 0
Total transferred: 253000 bytes
HTML transferred: 3000 bytes
Requests per second: 6.74 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 14830.553 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 148.306 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 1.67 [Kbytes/sec] received
此時的併發大約爲爲 7 qps
（3）開啓OPcache
在配置文件php.ini文件中開啓opcache
zend_extension="opcache.so"
opcache.enable=1
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
opcache.fast_shutdown=1
opcache.enable_cli=1opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
重啓fpm後，用ab壓測：ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://test.laravel.com/api/test
Server Software: nginx
Server Hostname: test.laravel.com
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /api/test
Document Length: 4 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 11.006 seconds
Complete requests: 1000
Failed requests: 0
Total transferred: 254000 bytes
HTML transferred: 4000 bytes
Requests per second: 90.86 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 1100.590 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 11.006 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 22.54 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 1 4.3 0 16
Processing: 409 1069 152.0 1092 1414
Waiting: 408 1069 152.0 1092 1414
Total: 424 1070 149.6 1092 1414
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 1092
66% 1126
75% 1149
80% 1162
90% 1203
95% 1242
98% 1280
99% 1309
100% 1414 (longest request)
此時的達到了 90qps，性能是未開啓時的十倍以上！。
（4）使用swoole加速包
在項目目錄下運行composer命令安裝；在nginx的配置文件中配置，將請求轉發到swoole監聽的端口。
用 ab 壓測 ： ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://test.laravel.com/api/test
Server Software: nginx
Server Hostname: test.laravel.com
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /api/test
Document Length: 4 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 1.158 seconds
Complete requests: 1000
Failed requests: 0
Total transferred: 225000 bytes
HTML transferred: 4000 bytes
Requests per second: 863.46 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 115.813 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.158 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 189.72 [Kbytes/sec] received
速度起飛！達到了800qps！
(4)總結
opcache擴展和swoole擴展對php腳本性能的提升是很明顯。