慕課網web自動化測試實戰之賬號登錄（四）

慕課網web自動化測試實戰

賬號登錄

需求：

1、項目實戰中使用PO模型的設計與封裝，詳情見PO模型介紹
2、基類的封裝，包括：BaseDriver、ByLocation、SelectDriver
3、使用testng測試框架
4、使用log4j打印日誌，配置見博文
5、使用testng-xslt生成測試報告，配置見博文

PO模型的基本思路：

LoginPage(查找頁面元素類) —>LoginPageHandle(操作層，將查找到的元素位置上傳遞數據) —> LoginPageBusiness(業務層：調用操作層，根據操作層的傳遞的結果進行判斷場景，如郵箱錯誤場景等) —> LoginCase(封裝調用業務層，進行測試用例的場景組裝)

Page層

1、page基類BasePage

package page;

import base.BaseDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

/**
 * page層：頁面元素的基類，對元素的定位、點擊、輸入、是否顯示的功能進行封裝
 */
public class BasePage {
    public BaseDriver baseDriver;
    public BasePage(BaseDriver driver){
        this.baseDriver=driver;
    }

    /**
     * 定位Element
     */
    public WebElement element(By by){
        WebElement element=baseDriver.findElement(by);
        return element;
    }

    /**
     * 元素的點擊事件
     */
    public void click(WebElement element){
        if (element!=null){
            element.click();
        }else {
            System.out.println("元素不能點擊！");
        }
    }
    /**
     * 封裝輸入sendkeys
     */
    public void sendKeys(WebElement element,String value){
        if (element!=null){
            element.sendKeys(value);
        }else {
            System.out.println("輸入失敗");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判斷元素是否顯示
     */
    public boolean assertElement(WebElement element){
        return element.isDisplayed();
    }
}

2、登錄頁面LoginPage

package page;

import base.BaseDriver;
import base.ByLocation;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 功能：登錄的界面類，用於獲取元素element
 */
public class LoginPage extends BasePage{

    public LoginPage(BaseDriver driver) {
        super(driver);
    }
    //獲取用戶名輸入框element
    public WebElement getUserElement() throws IOException {
        return element(ByLocation.getLocator("userString"));
    }
    //獲取密碼輸入框element
    public WebElement getPasswordElement() throws IOException {
        return element(ByLocation.getLocator("passwordString"));
    }
    //獲取登錄按鈕element
    public WebElement getLoginButtonElement() throws IOException {
        return element(ByLocation.getLocator("loginButtonString"));
    }
    //獲取自動登錄element
    public WebElement getAutoSigninElement() throws IOException {
        return element(ByLocation.getLocator("autoSignin"));
    }
}

handle操作層

package handle;

import base.BaseDriver;
import page.LoginPage;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 登錄頁面的操作類，用於輸入內容、點擊事件等
 */
public class LoginPageHandle {
    public BaseDriver driver;
    public LoginPage loginPage;
    public LoginPageHandle(BaseDriver driver){
        this.driver=driver;
        loginPage=new LoginPage(driver);
    }
    //輸入用戶名
    public void sendKeyUser(String username) throws IOException {
        loginPage.sendKeys(loginPage.getUserElement(),username);
    }
    //輸入密碼
    public void sendKeyPassword(String password) throws IOException {
        loginPage.sendKeys(loginPage.getPasswordElement(),password);
    }
    //登錄的點擊事件
    public void clickLoginButton() throws IOException {
        loginPage.click(loginPage.getLoginButtonElement());
    }
    //選中自動登錄
    public void clickAutoSignin() throws IOException {
        loginPage.click(loginPage.getAutoSigninElement());
    }
    //判斷是否是登錄界面
    public boolean assertLoginPage() throws IOException {
        return loginPage.assertElement(loginPage.getUserElement());
    }
}

business業務層

package business;

import base.BaseDriver;
import handle.LoginPageHandle;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 功能：登錄的業務層，將多個元素操作組合起來，實現一個業務功能
 */
public class LoginPageBusiness {
    public LoginPageHandle handle;
    public LoginPageBusiness(BaseDriver driver){
        handle=new LoginPageHandle(driver);
    }
    public void login(String username,String password) throws IOException {
        //判斷是否是登錄界面
        if (handle.assertLoginPage()){
            //實現業務
            handle.sendKeyUser(username);
            handle.sendKeyPassword(password);
            handle.clickAutoSignin();
            handle.clickLoginButton();
        }else {
            System.out.println("頁面不存在，請檢查網絡！");
        }
    }
}

設置基類，方便模塊調用

1、BaseDriver

package base;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Driver的基類
 */
public class BaseDriver {
    WebDriver driver;
    public BaseDriver(String browser){
        SelectDriver selectDriver=new SelectDriver();
        this.driver = selectDriver.driverName(browser);
    }
    /**
     * 截圖功能
     */
    public void takeScreenShot() throws IOException {
        //獲取的是當前的系統時間(以時間作爲截圖的文件名）
        long time=System.currentTimeMillis();
        String imageTime=String.valueOf(time);
        imageTime=imageTime+".png";
        //獲取當前工程路徑
        String currentPath=System.getProperty("user.dir");
        //截圖存放路徑爲=工程路徑+文件名
        String screenPath=currentPath+"/"+imageTime;
        //截圖函數getScreenshotAs()來截取當前窗口
        File screen=((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
        FileUtils.copyFile(screen,new File(screenPath));  //文件名複製到截圖
    }
    //關閉driver
    public void stop(){
        System.out.println("stop driver");
        driver.close();
    }

    //封裝Element的方法
    public WebElement findElement(By by){
        WebElement element=driver.findElement(by);
        return element;
    }
    //封裝get，打開網址
    public void get(String url){
        driver.get(url);
    }
}

2、SelectDriver

package base;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

/**
 * 功能：瀏覽器的選擇
 */
public class SelectDriver {
    public WebDriver driverName(String browser){
        if (browser.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")){
            return new FirefoxDriver();
        }else {
            return new ChromeDriver();
        }
    }
}

3、ByLocation

package base;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import util.PropertyUtil;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 功能：定位方式的封裝，讀取配置文件，返回元素的屬性值
 */
public class ByLocation {
    public static By getLocator(String key) throws IOException {
        //使用配置文件中的html元素屬性數據(key->value)
        PropertyUtil propertyUtil=new PropertyUtil("element.properties");
        String locator=propertyUtil.getProperty(key);
        String locatorType=locator.split(">")[0];
        String locatorValue=locator.split(">")[1];

        if (locatorType.equals("id")){
            return By.id(locatorValue);
        }else if (locatorType.equals("name")){
            return By.name(locatorValue);
        }else if (locatorType.equals("className")){
            return By.className(locatorValue);
        }else if (locatorType.equals("linkText")){
            return By.linkText(locatorValue);
        }else if (locatorType.equals("partialLinkText")){
            return By.partialLinkText(locatorValue);
        }else if(locatorType.equals("tagName")){
            return By.tagName(locatorValue);
        }else if (locatorType.equals("cssSelector")){
            return By.cssSelector(locatorValue);
        }else{
            return By.xpath(locatorValue);
        }
    }
}

讀取配置文件的頁面元素屬性值

1、配置文件element.properties

#key->value

advert=cssSelector>.redrain-closeBtn
come_login=xpath>.//*[@id='js-signin-btn']
userString=name>email
passwordString=name>password
loginButtonString=cssSelector>.moco-btn.moco-btn-red.moco-btn-lg.btn-full.xa-login
autoSignin=id>auto-signin
headString=xpath>.//*[@id='header-avator']/img
userIDString=xpath>.//*[@id='header-user-card']/div/div/div[1]/div/a/span

2、 讀取配置文件工具類

package util;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * 定位元素數據存入的配置文件的工具類
 */
public class PropertyUtil {
    private Properties properties;
    private String filePath;//配置文件的路徑
    public PropertyUtil(String filePath) throws IOException {
        this.filePath=filePath;
        this.properties=readProperties();
    }

    /**
     * 讀取配置文件
     */
    private Properties readProperties() throws IOException {
        properties=new Properties();
        InputStream inputStream=new FileInputStream(filePath);
        BufferedInputStream inputStream1=new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
        //load方法其實就是傳進去一個輸入流，字節流或者字符流
        properties.load(inputStream);
        return properties;
    }

    /**
     * 獲取配置文件中的指定數據
     */
    public String getProperty(String key) throws IOException {
        if (properties.containsKey(key)) {
            String userString=properties.getProperty(key);
            return userString;
        }else {
            System.out.println("你獲取的key不存在");
            return "";
        }
    }
}

設計測試用例代碼

1、BaseCase

package testCase;

import base.BaseDriver;

/**
 * 功能：用例的基類，初始化Driver
 */
public class CaseBase {
    public BaseDriver InitDriver(String browser){
        return new BaseDriver(browser);
    }

}

2、登錄測試用例LoginCase

package testCase;

import base.BaseDriver;
import business.LoginPageBusiness;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import java.io.IOException;


/**
 * 登錄慕課網自動化測試用例
 */
public class LoginCase extends CaseBase{
    public BaseDriver driver;
    public LoginPageBusiness loginPageBusiness;
    static Logger logger= Logger.getLogger(LoginCase.class);
    public LoginCase(){
        this.driver=InitDriver("firefox");
        loginPageBusiness=new LoginPageBusiness(driver);
    }
    //慕課網點擊登錄鏈接，進入登錄界面
    @Test
    public void getLoginHome() throws InterruptedException {
        driver.get("https://www.imooc.com/");
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(".redrain-closeBtn")).click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        driver.findElement(By.id("js-signin-btn")).click();
        Thread.sleep(3000);
    }
    //測試登錄界面
    @Test(dependsOnMethods = {"getLoginHome"})
    public void testLogin() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
//        logger.debug("這是一條log4j日誌");
        logger.info("這是一條log4j日誌");
//        logger.error("這是一條log4j error日誌");
        loginPageBusiness.login("[email protected]","dpl12345");
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        driver.stop();
    }
}

實現效果：

生成HTML報告

代碼