sudo apt-get install 软件包 这个是更新你指定的软件包
sudo apt-get update 获取更新列表
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 开始更新
./configure的问题
错误： C compiler cannot create executables
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get gcc libc6-dev
错误：checking for C compiler default output... configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get install libc6-dev
错误：configure: error: C++ preprocessor "/lib/cpp" fails sanity check
原因：gcc的组件没装全
解决：apt-get install build-essential
错误： Can't find X includes. Please check your installation and add the correct paths!
原因：没有X的包含文件
解决：安装xlibs-dev即可
错误： Qt (>= Qt 3.0) (headers and libraries) not found. Please check your installation!
原因：查找提供qt的lib&&headers的软件包,并安装之
解决：apt-get install libqt3-headers libqt3-mt-dev
错误：in the prefix, you've chosen, are no KDE headers installed. This will fail.
So, check this please and use another prefix!
原因：install a KDE application in a Gnome environment。
解决：which basically means its going to want to install a lot of KDE specific packages to work. This 'configure:error'
is due to it expecting you to be running KDE and again refers to some 'headers'.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install kdelibs4-dev kdelibs4c2a
错误：./admin/cvs.sh: 585: autoconf: not found
原因：
解决：apt-get install autoconf
错误： *** GTK >= 2.4.0 not installed! ***
原因：没装GTK
解决：apt-get build-dep gedit
错误：heching for gtk-config... no
checking for GTK - version = 1.2.0... no
*** The gtk-config script installed by GTK could not be found
*** If GTK was installed in PREFIX, make sure PREFIX/bin is in
*** your path, or set the GTK_CONFIG enviroment variable to the
*** full path to gtk-config.
configure: error: Cannot find GTK: Is gtk-config in path?
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get install libgtk1.2-dev
问题：eclipse中encoding不支持中文
解决：编辑/var/lib/locales/supported.d/local，加一行zh_CN.GBK GBK，执行sudo locale-gen
错误：gnome.h: No such file or directory
错误： No package 'libpanelapplet-2.0' found
原因：
解决：sudo apt-get install gnome-panel
问题：eva不弹出输入法
解决：sudo apt-get install scim-qtimm
问题：No package 'gtk+-2.0' found
No package 'gtksourceview-1.0' found
No package 'libgnomeui-2.0' found
No package 'libglade-2.0' found
No package 'libgnomeprintui-2.2' found
解决：sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libgtksourceview-dev libgnomeui-dev libglade2-dev libgnomeprint2.2-dev
问题：No package 'libpanelapplet-2.0' found
解决：sudo apt-get install libpanelappletmm-2.6-dev
编译安装 Pidgin 的步骤
1. 下载 Pidgin 的源代码包 pidgin-2.1.1.tar.bz2 （官方最新的版本）。
wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/pidgin/pidgin-2.1.1.tar.bz2
2. 安装编译 Pidgin 所需的依赖：
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libxml2-dev gettext libnss-dev libnspr-dev
3. 解压源代码包
tar jxvf pidgin-2.1.1.tar.bz2
cd pidgin-2.1.1
4. 编译
./configure （建议使用 –help 查询需要用到的参数）
make
sudo make install
如果在 ./configure 这一步出现错误
错误一：
configure: error:
You must have the GTK+ 2.0 development headers installed to compile Pidgin.
If you only want to build Finch then specify –disable-gtkui when running configure.
解决：
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
错误二：
configure: error:
You must have libxml2 >= 2.6.0 development headers installed to build.
解决：
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev
错误三：
configure: error:
The msgfmt command is required to build libpurple. If it is installed on your system, ensure that it is in your path. If it is not, install GNU gettext to continue.
解决：
sudo apt-get install gettext
如果在使用 GTalk 或 MSN 时出现错误
错误：
SSL Library/Libraries……… : None (MSN and Google Talk will not work
without SSL!)
解决：
sudo apt-get install libnss-dev libnspr-dev
Ubuntu编译时找不到Makefile的解决办法ZDNet 软件频道 更新时间:2007-09-26作者： korn 来源:赛迪网
本文关键词： Ubuntu Proftp
如果是需要编译的环境，推荐安装"build essential"包，
#sudo apt-get install "build-essential"
在用./configure ,make , makeinstall ,方法安装软件是，经常会发生发生各种错误，而导致无法生成 makefile 文件。现在我把我安装过程中遇到的问题以及解决办法写下来，希望对大家有点帮助。
以我安装 pidgin-2.0.0为例
#./configure 出现错误 ：
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
按照错误提示安装缺少的包
#sudo apt-get install libc6-dev
再次
#./configure
出现错误
checking for GLIB... no
no
configure: error:
You must have the GLib 2.0 development headers installed to build.
根据错误提示，用新得立搜索 GLib 2.0 或者 用命令
#sudo apt-cache search GLib 2.0
发现有个包 libglib2.0-dev - Development files for the GLib library 。
选择安装；
#sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-dev
这里原文为libglib2.0-0-dev，似乎有误。
#./configure #又出现错误
checking for X... no
checking for GTK... no
no
configure: error:
You must have the GTK+ 2.0 development headers installed to compile Pidgin.
If you only want to build Finch then specify --disable-gtkui when running configure.
用如上同样的方法查找到缺少的包 并安装
sudo apt-get install libgtkmm2.0-dev
./configure 出现错误
checking for LIBXML... no
no
configure: error:
You must have libxml2 >= 2.6.0 development headers installed to build.
于是安装
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev
经过上面包的安装，在次./configure 没有再出现错误，这次成功的生成了makefile 文件。
然后执行：
#make
#make install
成功安装软件。
如果在./configure中还出现问题，那么要找到问题所在，安装缺失的包即可。
在配置过程中，config.log文件是很有帮助的。我们可以在这里面找出错误的根源，从而寻找应对措施
原文章链接：http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=85&t=102970