http://blog.csdn.net/huyugv_830913/article/details/5884628
1 ARM920T的MMU工作原理
下圖顯示了MMU地址轉化關係
一級表項的地址(pmd) = ( (TLB) & (0xFFFFC000) ) + ( (Table Index)<<2 );
注1:TLB(Translate table base),即轉換表基地址
注2:由於每個表項佔32位(4Bytes),因此(Table Index)<<2
一級表項的內容(*pmd) = ( (pte) & (0xFFFFFC00) ) + prot_l1;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
二級表項的地址(pte) = ( (pte) & (0xFFFFFC00) ) + ( (L2 table index) <<2 );
二級表項的內容(*pte) = ( (PA) & (0xFFFFF000) ) + prot_pte;
2 create_mapping分析
//利用該函數可以爲物理地址創建內存的靜態映射
static void __init create_mapping(struct map_desc *md)
{
...
pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
//計算pgd的地址(64bits) = ((mm)->pgd+pgd_index(addr))
// = ((mm)->pgd+((addr) >> 21) )
//pmd地址(32bits) = ((mm)->pgd+((addr) >> 20) )
end = addr + length;
//PGDIR_SIZE=(1UL << PGDIR_SHIFT)=2M
//一次處理2個連續的一級表項:2*1M = 2M
do {
unsigned long next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
alloc_init_section(pgd, addr, next, phys, type);
phys += next - addr;
addr = next;
} while (pgd++, addr != end);
}
//嘗試使用段映射
static void __init alloc_init_section(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long end, unsigned long phys,
const struct mem_type *type)
{
pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, addr); //一級表指針
//pmd地址(32bits) = ((mm)->pgd+((addr) >> 20) )
/* 當大小和地址1MB對齊時,使用段映射 */
if (((addr | end | phys) & ~SECTION_MASK) == 0) {
pmd_t *p = pmd;
if (addr & SECTION_SIZE)
pmd++;
do {
*pmd = __pmd(phys | type->prot_sect);
phys += SECTION_SIZE;
} while (pmd++, addr += SECTION_SIZE, addr != end);
//2MB,循環2次
flush_pmd_entry(p);
} else {
/* 使用small頁映射,必須爲二級表分配空間4Kb(1page) */
alloc_init_pte(pmd, addr, end, __phys_to_pfn(phys), type);
}
}
//small頁映射
static void __init alloc_init_pte(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long end, unsigned long pfn,
const struct mem_type *type)
{
pte_t *pte; //二級表指針
//當一級表項內容爲空時,爲二級表項分配空間2*512*4 = 4Kb(1Page)
if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
pte = alloc_bootmem_low_pages(2 * PTRS_PER_PTE * sizeof(pte_t));
__pmd_populate(pmd, __pa(pte) | type->prot_l1);
//給一級表項賦值,pmd爲指針,指向需賦值的地址
//pmdp[0] = __pmd(pmdval);
//pmdp[1] = __pmd(pmdval + 256 * sizeof(pte_t));
}
pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
do {
set_pte_ext(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, __pgprot(type->prot_pte)), 0);
pfn++;
} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
//2MB,2Mb/4Kb = 512次(最多)
}
.macro armv3_set_pte_ext wc_disable=1
str r1, [r0], #-2048 @ linux version MMU看到的h/w pte0/1
eor r3, r1, #L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG | L_PTE_WRITE | L_PTE_DIRTY
bic r2, r1, #PTE_SMALL_AP_MASK @ keep C, B bits
bic r2, r2, #PTE_TYPE_MASK
orr r2, r2, #PTE_TYPE_SMALL
tst r3, #L_PTE_USER @ user?
orrne r2, r2, #PTE_SMALL_AP_URO_SRW @設置SVC模式爲讀寫,USR模式爲READONLY
tst r3, #L_PTE_WRITE | L_PTE_DIRTY @ write and dirty?
orreq r2, r2, #PTE_SMALL_AP_UNO_SRW
設置SVC模式爲讀寫,USR模式爲不能讀,PTE_SMALL_AP_URO_SRW | PTE_SMALL_AP_UNO_SRW爲SVC & USR可讀寫
#define PAGE_SHARED __pgprot(pgprot_val(pgprot_user) | _L_PTE_READ | \
L_PTE_WRITE)
#define _L_PTE_READ L_PTE_USER | L_PTE_EXEC
PAGE_SHARED 使用PAGE_SHARE映射的空間USR模式也能進行讀寫
關於讀寫的權限,參考ARM V5 reference.pdf 協處理器的C3寄存器和PTE的APx(3~0),PMD的domain參數
tst r3, #L_PTE_PRESENT | L_PTE_YOUNG @ present and young?
movne r2, #0
.if /wc_disable
#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_WRITETHROUGH
tst r2, #PTE_CACHEABLE
bicne r2, r2, #PTE_BUFFERABLE
#endif
.endif
str r2, [r0] @ hardware version
.endm
3 Linux MMU
#define PTRS_PER_PTE512 { (h/w + s/w ) * 4byte = 4096 }
#define PTRS_PER_PMD 1
#define PTRS_PER_PGD 2048
4 9260EK 內存映射情況