SQL SERVER 存儲過程基礎集（轉載）

 1.聲明變量

DECLARE @F001 SMALLINT,
              @F002 INTEGER,
              @F003 VARCHAR(20),
              @F004 CHAR(20),
              @F002 MONEY

2.賦值語句

set @F001 = space(40)

3.條件判斷(IF...ELSE)

If condition Begin
    [ statements  ]
END
ELSE BEGIN
    [ elseifstatements ]
END

4.多分支判斷(case...when...then...else...end）

SET @F011 =
CASE
        WHEN [testexpression1] THEN  @F001
        WHEN [testexpression2] THEN  @F002
        WHEN [testexpression3] THEN  @F003
        WHEN [testexpression4] THEN  @F004
END

5.循環(while)

While condition Begin
   [ statements ]
End

6.動態定義遊標

SET @strSQL = ' DECLARE   name_cursor   CURSOR   FOR  ' + @inSQL
EXEC   (@strSQL)

7.遍歷遊標

FETCH NEXT FROM name_cursor into @F001,@F002
WHILE  @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN

       FETCH NEXT FROM name_cursor into @F001,@F002

END

說明：FETCH_STATUS檢索到數據返回0，失敗返回-1，可判斷是否滾動未到結尾。

8.獲得遊標行數

SET @RECCNT = @@ROWCOUNT

9.事務處理

BEGIN distributed transaction

WHILE @@TRANCOUNT > 0
       commit transaction

10.字符串連接

SET @m_sql = @m_sql + ' Where F001 = ''' + @F001 + ''''
SET @m_sql = @m_sql + ' F002 = ' + CONVERT(varchar,@F002)

11.創建臨時表存儲外部數據表
說明:臨時過程用 # 和 ## 命名，可以由任何用戶創建。創建過程後，局部過程的所有者是唯一可以使用該過程的用戶。

CREATE TABLE #DMPARHED
(FMCD   int,
FMNAM  varchar(50),
MGYO1  smallint,
constraint DMPARHED_P primary key (FMCD))
SET @aSQL = ''
SET @aSQL = @aSQL + 'INSERT INTO #DMPARHED'
SET @aSQL = @aSQL + ' SELECT FMCD,FMNAM,MGYO1 FROM'
SET @aSQL = @aSQL + ' OPENQUERY(Lk_MDB_NEO32, ''SELECT FMCD,FMNAM,MGYO1 FROM DMPARHED'
SET @aSQL = @aSQL + ' WHERE SYSNO = 1'')'
execute(@aSQL)

創建臨時表的另類方法：

select a.name,a.password from
with
as temp1
select * from emp
(select * from temp1
union
select * from temp1) a
where a.name='hao';

12.存儲過程的調用及返回值
（1）存儲過程的聲明

CREATE PROCEDURE name_produce
    @F001  VARCHAR(20),
           @F002  SMALLINT OUTPUT

（2）VB.NET調用存儲過程

Private SqlCmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand

SqlCmd.CommandText = "prNK3020SC03"
SqlCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure

Dim parampre1 As OleDb.OleDbParameter = SqlCmd.Parameters.Add( _
         New OleDb.OleDbParameter("@F001", OleDb.OleDbType.VarChar, 20, _
          ParameterDirection.Input))
Dim parampre2 As OleDb.OleDbParameter = SqlCmd.Parameters.Add( _
         New OleDb.OleDbParameter("@F002", OleDb.OleDbType.SmallInt))
parampre2.Direction = ParameterDirection.Output

SqlCmd.Parameters("@F001").Value = aF001
SqlCmd.Parameters("@F002").Value = aF002
SqlCmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
aF002 = SqlCmd.Parameters("@F002").Value.ToString()

（3）存儲過程調用存儲過程

DECLARE @C001       VARCHAR(20),
              @C002       SMALLINT
EXEC name_produce @C001,@C002 output

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.getUserName
@UserID int,
@UserName varchar(40) output
as
set nocount on
begin
if @UserID is null return
select @UserName=username
from dbo.[userinfo]
where userid=@UserID
return
end

13.Update語句常見錯誤總結

--√
Update name_table set
        F001 = @F181,
        F002 = @F182
Where
        F003 = @F003
--×
Update name_table
        F001 = @F181,
        F002 = @F182
Where
        F003 = @F003
--×
Update name_table set
        F001 = @F181,
        F002 = @F182,
Where
        F003 = @F003
--×
Update name_table set
        ,F001 = @F181
        ,F002 = @F182
Where
        F003 = @F003

14.Insert語句常見語法錯誤總結

--√
INSERT INTO name_table(
,KEY_FIELD，BUSYOCD
)Values(
@F001,@F002
)
--×
INSERT INTO name_table(
F001,F002
)Values(
,@F001,@F002
)
--×
INSERT INTO name_table(
F001,F002
)Values(
@F001,@F002,
)
--×
INSERT   name_table(
F001,F002
)Values(
@F001,@F002
)