CMake的所有的語句都寫在一個叫 CMakeLists.txt 的文件中。當 CMakeLists.txt 文件確定後,可以用 ccmake 命令對相關的變量值進行配置。這個命令必須指向 CMakeLists.txt 所在的目錄。配置完成之後,應用 cmake 命令生成相應的 makefile。
一、項目的目錄結構
- src:源文件
- inc:頭文件
- test:測試文件,主函數入口
- proto:proto文件
- log:項目產生的日誌文件
- build:在此文件夾中構建項目,不污染源文件
- bin:生成的可執行文件
- build.sh:cmake的腳本
二、實例說明Cmake編寫規則
src文件下的CMakeLists.txt :
# 指定CMake編譯最低要求版本
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
# 將C++文件賦值給變量SRC_LIST_Server
SET(SRC_LIST_Server
ChatServer.cpp
ChatSystem.pb.cc
ChatStatus.pb.cc
Mysql.cpp
Redis.cpp
)
SET(SRC_LIST_Client
ChatClient.cpp
ChatSystem.pb.cc
ChatStatus.pb.cc
Mysql.cpp
Redis.cpp
)
# 設置編譯選項
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -lpthread -g -Wall")
# 查找protobuf頭文件
# find_package(Protobuf REQUIRED)
# if(PROTOBUF_FOUND)
# message(STATUS "protobuf library found")
# else()
# message(FATAL_ERROR "protobuf library is needed but cant be found")
# endif()
#include_directories(${PROTOBUF_INCLUDE_DIRS})
# 指定頭文件和庫文件目錄
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/inc)
# 指定生成庫文件的目錄
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/include/google/protobuf)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/boost/include)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/include/mysql)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/include/hiredis)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/include/glog)
LINK_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/boost/lib)
# 生成庫文件,默認生成靜態庫,SHARED指定生成庫類型爲動態庫
ADD_LIBRARY(chatserver SHARED ${SRC_LIST_Server})
ADD_LIBRARY(chatclient SHARED ${SRC_LIST_Client})
# 需要鏈接的庫文件
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(chatserver
protobuf
hiredis
mysqlclient
glog
)
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(chatclient
protobuf
hiredis
mysqlclient
glog
)
test文件下的CMakeLists.txt :
# 指定CMake編譯最低要求版本
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8)
# 將Server.cpp賦值給Server變量
SET(Server Server.cpp)
SET(Client Client.cpp)
# 設置編譯選項
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -lpthread -g -Wall")
# 設置生成的執行文件的輸出目錄
SET(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)
LINK_DIRECTORIES(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/include/google/protobuf)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/boost/include)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/include/mysql)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/include/hiredis)
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/include/glog)
LINK_DIRECTORIES(/usr/local/boost/lib)
# 生成可執行文件server,依賴於Server.cpp
ADD_EXECUTABLE(server ${Server})
ADD_EXECUTABLE(client ${Client})
# 指定server的鏈接庫chatserver和protobuf
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(server chatserver)
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(client chatclient)
【指令說明】:
- CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED:聲明Cmake版本,如果低於指定版本則會停止處理工程文件,並報告錯誤。
- SET:定義變量並賦值。
- CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS:設置編譯選項。
- PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR:預定義的變量。
- ${}:取值。
- INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES:向工程添加多個特定的頭文件搜索路徑,路徑之間用空格分隔。
- LINK_DIRECTORIES:添加非標準的共享庫搜索路徑。
- ADD_LIBRARY:生成動態庫或靜態庫。
- TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES:爲TARGET添加需要鏈接的共享庫。
- ADD_EXECUTABLE:生成可執行文件。
【運行說明】:
#!bin/bash
protoc -I=./proto/ --cpp_out=./proto ./proto/ChatSystem.proto
mv ./proto/ChatSystem.pb.h ./inc/ChatSystem.pb.h
mv ./proto/ChatSystem.pb.cc ./src/ChatSystem.pb.cc
if [ ! -e ./build ]
then
mkdir build
else
rm -rf build/*
fi
if [ ! -e ./bin ]
then mkdir bin
else rm -rf bin/*
fi
if [ ! -e ./log ]
then mkdir log
else rm -rf log/*
fi
if [ ! -e ./lib ]
then mkdir lib
else rm -rf lib/*
fi
cd build
cmake ..
make
參考:https://github.com/carl-wang-cn/demo/tree/master/cmake
https://www.cnblogs.com/flyinggod/archive/2017/11/08/7805587.html