C++调用C#管理Azure虚拟机

为了使用自己写的C++程序管理Azure虚拟机，查了好几天资料，开始的思路是使用cmd命令调用powershell来管理，写了几天脚本后发现cmd下只能运行一些简单的powershell命令，一套脚本在powershell下运行没有问题，但是在cmd下使用powershell ./script.p1 就会报一大堆错，跟微软的工程师沟通后了解到没有支持C++的SDK，只能使用python、.net等语言进行管理，结合我自身的情况我在python和c#中进行选择，考虑后决定使用C++调用C#来进行管理，在官方文档中找到了一套流程，是使用properties文件进行认证加载，但是在运行过程中会报错，结合微软工程师给我的文档，我将我所需求的功能总结出来，全部正常运行后，做成以下内容：

一、设置身份验证：
1、登录到powershell，记下有关用户和订阅的信息：
Login-AzureRmAccount -Environment "AzureChinaCloud"
2、在powershell中创建服务主体，会返回ApplicationId，注意记录下来：
# Create the service principal (use a strong password) //自己写DisplayName和Password的值
$sp = New-AzureRmADServicePrincipal -DisplayName "AzureDotNetTest" -Password "password"
# Give it the permissions it needs...
New-AzureRmRoleAssignment -ServicePrincipalName $sp.ApplicationId -RoleDefinitionName Contributor
# Display the Application ID, because we'll need it later.
$sp | Select DisplayName, ApplicationId
3、记录所需数据：
subscription：使用运行 Login-AzureRmAccount 后返回的 SubscriptionId 值。
client：使用服务主体输出中的 ApplicationId 值。
key：使用运行 New-AzureRmADServicePrincipal（不带引号）时分配的 -Password 参数。
tenant：使用运行 Login-AzureRmAccount 后返回的 TenantId 值。

二、创建新项目
1、创建新的控制台应用程序项目。为此，请在 Visual Studio 中依次单击“文件”、“新建”、“项目...”。在 Visual C# 模板下选择“控制台应用(.NET Core)”，为项目命名，并单击“确定”。
创建新的控制台应用后，依次单击“工具”、“NuGet 包管理器”、“包管理器控制台”打开包管理器控制台。在控制台中，执行以下三个命令来获取所需的包，第一个就足够我本次对虚拟机的管理了：
# Azure Management Libraries for .NET (Fluent)
Install-Package Microsoft.Azure.Management.Fluent
# Azure Store client libraries
Install-Package WindowsAzure.Storage
# SQL Database client libraries
Install-Package System.Data.SqlClient
2、编辑应用程序的 Program.cs 文件。如果要在新创建的程序中使用，必须加入所需引用，程序如下（我新建立的，将以下程序做成dll由c++调用）：

using Microsoft.Azure.Management.Compute.Fluent.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.Fluent;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.ResourceManager.Fluent;
using Microsoft.Azure.Management.ResourceManager.Fluent.Core;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace CSharpUtil
{
    public class AzureUtil
    {
        public static string subscriptionId = "6fdc7495";
        public static string clientId = "de579e8f";
        public static string clientSecret = "Passw0rd";
        public static string tenantId = "9fc092f5";

        static string groupName = "YangGangRS";
        static string Location = "ChinaEast";
        static string AvSetName = "YangGangAS";
        static string publicIpDnsLabel = "YangGangPublicIP";
        static string networkName = "YangGangVN";
        static string WindowsUserName = "YGAdmin";
        static string WindowsPassword = "Passw0rd1234";
        static string subNetName = "YangGangSubnet";

        static string imageName = "YangGangCSVM-Image";
	//设置各个参数的函数
        public static bool InitializeAzureData(string gName = "YangGangRS", string location = "ChinaEast", string avSetName = "YangGangAS", string pipDnsLabel = "YangGangPublicIP"
            , string networkname = "YangGangVN", string username = "YGAdmin", string passw0rd = "Passw0rd1234", string subnetName = "YangGangSubnet", string iName = "YangGangCSVM-Image")
        {
            try
            {
                groupName = gName;
                Location = location;
                AvSetName = avSetName;
                publicIpDnsLabel = pipDnsLabel;
                networkName = networkname;
                WindowsUserName = username;
                WindowsPassword = passw0rd;
                subNetName = subnetName;

                imageName = iName;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
	//创建新资源组和第一台虚拟机
        public static bool CreateNewReourceAndNetworkAndVM(string vmName, string ipAddress)
        {
            try
            {
                string nicName = vmName + "-Nic";

                var credential = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory.FromServicePrincipal(clientId, clientSecret, tenantId, AzureEnvironment.AzureChinaCloud);
                var azure = Azure.Configure().WithLogLevel(HttpLoggingDelegatingHandler.Level.Basic).Authenticate(credential).WithDefaultSubscription();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating resource group...");
                var resourceGroup = azure.ResourceGroups.Define(groupName).WithRegion(Location).Create();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating availability set...");
                var availabilitySet = azure.AvailabilitySets.Define(AvSetName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName)
                    .WithSku(AvailabilitySetSkuTypes.Managed).Create();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating public IP address...");
                var publicIPAddress = azure.PublicIPAddresses.Define(publicIpDnsLabel).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName).WithStaticIP().Create();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating virtual network...");
                var network = azure.Networks.Define(networkName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName)
                    .WithAddressSpace("10.1.0.0/16").WithSubnet(subNetName, "10.1.1.0/24").Create();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating  network interface ...");
                var networkInterFace = azure.NetworkInterfaces.Define(nicName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName).WithExistingPrimaryNetwork(network)
                    .WithSubnet(subNetName)
                    .WithPrimaryPrivateIPAddressStatic(ipAddress)
                    .WithExistingPrimaryPublicIPAddress(publicIPAddress).Create();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating VM...");
                var windowsVM = azure.VirtualMachines.Define(vmName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName)
                    .WithExistingPrimaryNetworkInterface(networkInterFace).WithLatestWindowsImage("MicrosoftWindowsServer", "WindowsServer", "2012-R2-Datacenter-zhcn")
                    .WithAdminUsername(WindowsUserName).WithAdminPassword(WindowsPassword).WithComputerName(vmName).WithExistingAvailabilitySet(availabilitySet)
                    .WithSize(VirtualMachineSizeTypes.StandardD2).Create();

                Console.WriteLine("Press enter to continue...");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("over");
                return false;
            }

            Console.WriteLine("CreateNewReourceAndNetworkAndVM success");
            return true;

        }
	//创建自定义镜像的虚拟机
        public static bool CreateNextSelfImageVM(string vmName, string ipAddress)
        {
            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("start");
                string nicName = vmName + "-Nic";
                var credential = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory.FromServicePrincipal(clientId, clientSecret, tenantId, AzureEnvironment.AzureChinaCloud);
                var azure = Azure.Configure().WithLogLevel(HttpLoggingDelegatingHandler.Level.Basic).Authenticate(credential).WithDefaultSubscription();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating  network interface ...");
                var network = azure.Networks.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, networkName);
                var networkInterFace = azure.NetworkInterfaces.Define(nicName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName).WithExistingPrimaryNetwork(network)
                    .WithSubnet(subNetName)
                    .WithPrimaryPrivateIPAddressStatic(ipAddress)
                    .Create();

                var myImageName = azure.VirtualMachineCustomImages.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, imageName).Id;
                Console.WriteLine("Creating VM...");
                var availabilitySet = azure.AvailabilitySets.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, AvSetName);
                var windowsVM = azure.VirtualMachines.Define(vmName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName)
                    .WithExistingPrimaryNetworkInterface(networkInterFace).WithWindowsCustomImage(myImageName)
                    .WithAdminUsername(WindowsUserName).WithAdminPassword(WindowsPassword).WithComputerName(vmName).WithExistingAvailabilitySet(availabilitySet)
                    .WithSize(VirtualMachineSizeTypes.StandardD2V2).Create();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("over");
                return false;
            }

            Console.WriteLine("CreateNextSelfImageVM success");
            return true;
        }
	//创建官方镜像虚拟机
        public static bool CreateNextWindowsVM(string vmName, string ipAddress)
        {
            try
            {
                string nicName = vmName + "-Nic";
                var credential = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory.FromServicePrincipal(clientId, clientSecret, tenantId, AzureEnvironment.AzureChinaCloud);
                var azure = Azure.Configure().WithLogLevel(HttpLoggingDelegatingHandler.Level.Basic).Authenticate(credential).WithDefaultSubscription();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating  network interface ...");
                var network = azure.Networks.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, networkName);
                var networkInterFace = azure.NetworkInterfaces.Define(nicName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName).WithExistingPrimaryNetwork(network)
                    .WithSubnet(subNetName)
                    .WithPrimaryPrivateIPAddressStatic(ipAddress)
                    .Create();

                Console.WriteLine("Creating VM...");
                var availabilitySet = azure.AvailabilitySets.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, AvSetName);
                var windowsVM = azure.VirtualMachines.Define(vmName).WithRegion(Location).WithExistingResourceGroup(groupName)
                    .WithExistingPrimaryNetworkInterface(networkInterFace).WithLatestWindowsImage("MicrosoftWindowsServer", "WindowsServer", "2012-R2-Datacenter-zhcn")
                    .WithAdminUsername(WindowsUserName).WithAdminPassword(WindowsPassword).WithComputerName(vmName).WithExistingAvailabilitySet(availabilitySet)
                    .WithSize(VirtualMachineSizeTypes.StandardD2).Create();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("over");
                return false;
            }

            Console.WriteLine("CreateNextWindowsVM success");
            return true;
        }
	//停止一台虚拟机并解除分配
        public static bool StopAzureVM(string vmName)
        {
            try
            {
                var credential = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory.FromServicePrincipal(clientId, clientSecret, tenantId, AzureEnvironment.AzureChinaCloud);
                var azure = Azure.Configure().WithLogLevel(HttpLoggingDelegatingHandler.Level.Basic).Authenticate(credential).WithDefaultSubscription();
                var vm = azure.VirtualMachines.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, vmName);
                Console.WriteLine("Stoping vm...");
                vm.Deallocate();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("over");
                return false;
            }

            Console.WriteLine("StopAzureVM success");
            return true;
        }
	//开启一台虚拟机
        public static bool StartAzureVM(string vmName)
        {
            try
            {
                var credential = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory.FromServicePrincipal(clientId, clientSecret, tenantId, AzureEnvironment.AzureChinaCloud);
                var azure = Azure.Configure().WithLogLevel(HttpLoggingDelegatingHandler.Level.Basic).Authenticate(credential).WithDefaultSubscription();

                var vm = azure.VirtualMachines.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, vmName);
                Console.WriteLine("Starting vm...");
                vm.Start();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("over");
                return false;
            }
            Console.WriteLine("StartAzureVM success");
            return true;
        }
	//改变虚拟机大小
        public static bool ChangeVMSize(string vmName)
        {
            try
            {
                var credential = SdkContext.AzureCredentialsFactory.FromServicePrincipal(clientId, clientSecret, tenantId, AzureEnvironment.AzureChinaCloud);
                var azure = Azure.Configure().WithLogLevel(HttpLoggingDelegatingHandler.Level.Basic).Authenticate(credential).WithDefaultSubscription();

                var vm = azure.VirtualMachines.GetByResourceGroup(groupName, vmName);
                Console.WriteLine("Starting change vm size...");
                vm.Update().WithSize(VirtualMachineSizeTypes.StandardD2).Apply();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("over");
                return false;
            }
            Console.WriteLine("ChangeVMSize success");
            return true;
        }

        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //CreateNewReourceAndNetworkAndVM(vmName, ipAddress);
            string vmName = "YangGangCSVM1";
            string ipAddress = "10.1.1.11";
            CreateNextSelfImageVM(vmName, ipAddress);
        }

    }
}

上方的几个命令基本可以满足我的虚拟机管理需求，还有更多的功能可以点出来，针对虚拟机，镜像和其他资源的操作。

在C++程序中，我使用以下方法使用这些函数，这里只举了一个例子，其他类似：

#using "..\\apps\\x64\\Debug\\CSharpUtil.dll"
using namespace CSharpUtil;
using namespace System;
using namespace std;

DLL_API bool CreateNextSelfImageVM(const wchar_t *wcvmName,const wchar_t *wcipAddress){
	AzureUtil ^azureUtil=gcnew AzureUtil;
	String ^wstrvmName=gcnew String(wcvmName);
	String ^wstripAddress=gcnew String(wcipAddress);
	return azureUtil->CreateNextSelfImageVM(wstrvmName,wstripAddress);
}

所有函数均以bool值返回，如果创建失败会catch到出错，返回false。没有事物的概念，可能网卡创建成功，但是虚拟机创建失败，这些我都是进行手动管理的，在利用redis管理虚拟机信息后，只要保证数据不出错且网络不中断，基本上不会出错。

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