Python網絡編程UDP之應用

UDP通信時日常中比較常用的一種通信協議，適用於很多的應用場景，例如：微信羣聊，QQ羣聊等。

1、UDP服務端的創建

import socket
# 創建udp套接字
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
# 綁定地址
sockdf.bind(('0.0.0.0', 2222))
print('Waiting connect......')
# 循環接收消息
while True:
    data, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    if data == 'close'.encode():
        break
    print('Recv from {0} information {1}'.format(addr, data))
    sockdf.sendto(b'Thanks', addr)
# 關閉套接字
sockdf.close()

2、UDP客戶端的創建

import socket
# 服務器地址
ADDR = ('127.0.0.1', 2222)
# 創建套接字
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
print('Connect  Successful')
# 循環的接收地址
while True:
    msg = input('>>>')
    if msg == '':
        sockdf.sendto(b'close', ADDR)
        break
    sockdf.sendto(msg.encode(), ADDR)
    data, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    print('接收來自服務端%s的消息%s' % (addr, data.decode()))
# 關閉連接
sockdf.close()

3、UDP協議的應用-----學生信息系統
學生系統服務端

import socket
import struct
import time
ADDR = ('0.0.0.0', 8888)
def Crate_server():
    """
    創建udp服務和創建struct的對象
    :return:
        sockdf：dup服務對象
        sf：struct對象
    """
    print('Waiting connect......')
    sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

    sf = struct.Struct('i20sif')

    sockdf.bind(ADDR)

    return sockdf, sf


def random_num():
    """
    產生每個數據的編號
    :return:編號
    """
    stu_f = open('stu_info.txt', 'a+')
    stu_f.seek(0)
    num = 1
    for i in stu_f:
        num += 1
    return num


def wirte_stu(stu_info):
    """
    將數據寫入到文件中
    :param stu_info:數據
    :return:None
    """
    f = open('stu_info.txt', 'a+')
    stu_info[1] = (str(stu_info[1]).split('\\')[0].split('\'')[1])
    stu_info.insert(0, random_num())
    data = "%d      %d       %-10s      %d      %.1f\n" % (tuple(stu_info))
    f.write(data)
    f.flush()


def read_stu():
    """
    獲取文件數據
    :return: 文件數據
    """
    with open('stu_info.txt', 'r') as f:
        stu_info = []
        for row in f.read().split(' '):
            if row != '' and row != '\n':
                stu_info.append(row)
        stu_info[:] = stu_info[1:5]
        stu_info[3] = (str(stu_info[3]).split('\n')[0])

    return stu_info


def Server():
    """
    循環接收來自客戶端的數據
    :return:
    """
    sockdf, sf = Crate_server()

    while True:
        try:
            data, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            break

        wirte_stu(list(sf.unpack(data)))
        time.sleep(0.5)
        successful = '寫入成功'
        sockdf.sendto(successful.encode(), addr)

    sockdf.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    Server()

學生系統客戶端

import socket
import struct
ADDR = ('127.0.0.1', 8888)
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sf = struct.Struct('i20sif')
print('Connect on')
while True:
    try:
        id = int(input('請輸入編號(輸入0退出)>>>'))
        if id == 0:
            break
        name = input('請輸入姓名>>>')
        age = int(input('請輸入年齡>>>'))
        hight = float(input('請輸入身高>>>'))
    except KeyboardInterrupt as kberror:
        break
    names = name.encode()
    data = sf.pack(id, names, age, hight)
    sockdf.sendto(data, ADDR)
    rever, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    print(rever.decode())
sockdf.close()

4、DUP協議應用(二)—單詞查找
單詞查找服務端

import socket
def get_world(world):
    f = open('dict.txt', 'r')
    for data in f:
        if data.split(' ', 1)[0] > world:
            f.close()
            return 'no world'
        elif data.split(' ', 1)[0] == world:
            f.close()
            return data
    else:
        f.close()
        return 'no world'


sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sockdf.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8888))
print('Waiting connect......')
while True:
    try:
        world, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    except KeyboardInterrupt as kerr:
        break
    revert_data = get_world(world=world.decode())
    sockdf.sendto(revert_data.encode(), addr)
sockdf.close()

單詞查找客戶端

import socket
ADDR = ('127.0.0.1', 8888)
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
print('Connect  Successful')
while True:
    try:
        msg = input('please enter the world:')
    except KeyboardInterrupt as kerr:
        break
    if msg == ' ':
        break
    sockdf.sendto(msg.encode(), ADDR)
    data, adddr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode())