Python网络编程UDP之应用

UDP通信时日常中比较常用的一种通信协议，适用于很多的应用场景，例如：微信群聊，QQ群聊等。

1、UDP服务端的创建

import socket
# 创建udp套接字
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
# 绑定地址
sockdf.bind(('0.0.0.0', 2222))
print('Waiting connect......')
# 循环接收消息
while True:
    data, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    if data == 'close'.encode():
        break
    print('Recv from {0} information {1}'.format(addr, data))
    sockdf.sendto(b'Thanks', addr)
# 关闭套接字
sockdf.close()

2、UDP客户端的创建

import socket
# 服务器地址
ADDR = ('127.0.0.1', 2222)
# 创建套接字
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
print('Connect  Successful')
# 循环的接收地址
while True:
    msg = input('>>>')
    if msg == '':
        sockdf.sendto(b'close', ADDR)
        break
    sockdf.sendto(msg.encode(), ADDR)
    data, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    print('接收来自服务端%s的消息%s' % (addr, data.decode()))
# 关闭连接
sockdf.close()

3、UDP协议的应用-----学生信息系统
学生系统服务端

import socket
import struct
import time
ADDR = ('0.0.0.0', 8888)
def Crate_server():
    """
    创建udp服务和创建struct的对象
    :return:
        sockdf：dup服务对象
        sf：struct对象
    """
    print('Waiting connect......')
    sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

    sf = struct.Struct('i20sif')

    sockdf.bind(ADDR)

    return sockdf, sf


def random_num():
    """
    产生每个数据的编号
    :return:编号
    """
    stu_f = open('stu_info.txt', 'a+')
    stu_f.seek(0)
    num = 1
    for i in stu_f:
        num += 1
    return num


def wirte_stu(stu_info):
    """
    将数据写入到文件中
    :param stu_info:数据
    :return:None
    """
    f = open('stu_info.txt', 'a+')
    stu_info[1] = (str(stu_info[1]).split('\\')[0].split('\'')[1])
    stu_info.insert(0, random_num())
    data = "%d      %d       %-10s      %d      %.1f\n" % (tuple(stu_info))
    f.write(data)
    f.flush()


def read_stu():
    """
    获取文件数据
    :return: 文件数据
    """
    with open('stu_info.txt', 'r') as f:
        stu_info = []
        for row in f.read().split(' '):
            if row != '' and row != '\n':
                stu_info.append(row)
        stu_info[:] = stu_info[1:5]
        stu_info[3] = (str(stu_info[3]).split('\n')[0])

    return stu_info


def Server():
    """
    循环接收来自客户端的数据
    :return:
    """
    sockdf, sf = Crate_server()

    while True:
        try:
            data, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            break

        wirte_stu(list(sf.unpack(data)))
        time.sleep(0.5)
        successful = '写入成功'
        sockdf.sendto(successful.encode(), addr)

    sockdf.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    Server()

学生系统客户端

import socket
import struct
ADDR = ('127.0.0.1', 8888)
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sf = struct.Struct('i20sif')
print('Connect on')
while True:
    try:
        id = int(input('请输入编号(输入0退出)>>>'))
        if id == 0:
            break
        name = input('请输入姓名>>>')
        age = int(input('请输入年龄>>>'))
        hight = float(input('请输入身高>>>'))
    except KeyboardInterrupt as kberror:
        break
    names = name.encode()
    data = sf.pack(id, names, age, hight)
    sockdf.sendto(data, ADDR)
    rever, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    print(rever.decode())
sockdf.close()

4、DUP协议应用(二)—单词查找
单词查找服务端

import socket
def get_world(world):
    f = open('dict.txt', 'r')
    for data in f:
        if data.split(' ', 1)[0] > world:
            f.close()
            return 'no world'
        elif data.split(' ', 1)[0] == world:
            f.close()
            return data
    else:
        f.close()
        return 'no world'


sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sockdf.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8888))
print('Waiting connect......')
while True:
    try:
        world, addr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    except KeyboardInterrupt as kerr:
        break
    revert_data = get_world(world=world.decode())
    sockdf.sendto(revert_data.encode(), addr)
sockdf.close()

单词查找客户端

import socket
ADDR = ('127.0.0.1', 8888)
sockdf = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
print('Connect  Successful')
while True:
    try:
        msg = input('please enter the world:')
    except KeyboardInterrupt as kerr:
        break
    if msg == ' ':
        break
    sockdf.sendto(msg.encode(), ADDR)
    data, adddr = sockdf.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode())