在ubuntu中,默認使用 ubuntu 的官方源http://archive.ubuntu.com/,但是這個官方源在國內下載的速度太慢,甚至只有幾十k。於是考慮更換apt源加快下載速度
國內可用鏡像源站點很多,可以參考之前的文章國內鏡像站推薦,這裏以阿里鏡像源作ubuntu的apt源
更換鏡像源步驟
在 Ubuntu 系統中,可以通過修改/etc/apt/sources.list
文件內容來修改 apt 源,通常在鏡像站中也給出了更改鏡像源的方法,比如阿里鏡像站的更換說明:Ubuntu 鏡像更換
圖形界面配置
新手推薦使用圖形界面配置: 系統設置 -> 軟件和更新 選擇下載服務器 -> “mirrors.aliyun.com”
無圖形界面手動更改
- 首先備份
sources.list
文件,避免在意外出錯情況下能夠還原
cd /etc/apt/
sudo cp sources.list sources.list.bak
- 修改
sources.list
文件內容
sudo vim sources.list
替換默認的 http://archive.ubuntu.com/
爲 mirrors.aliyun.com
以Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS爲例,最後的效果如下:
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
ubuntu 16.04 配置如下
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
ubuntu 18.04(bionic) 配置如下
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
- 更新 apt 本地索引
sudo apt update
這個速度變化很明顯了,甚至達到了2M多每秒
事實上,對於其他 Linux 發行版更改鏡像源,方法也是大同小異的(如 Redhat 系的 yum)
參考:
https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.53322f70NQyRxh