QT/C++編譯RabbitMQ-c

項目需要，在發送和接受數據的時候使用RabbitMQ隊列作爲中間基站。想要對RabbitMQ有個基本的瞭解，可以結合官網：http://www.rabbitmq.com/，和這篇博客：http://blog.csdn.net/anzhsoft/article/details/19563091一起來理解。

  因爲是在Qt中使用，所以需要用RabbitMQ-c，官網沒有c語言使用RabbitMQ的詳細介紹，上面的博客是使用Python來作爲說明的，所以還需另尋他路，自己琢磨琢磨。

  準備工作：

  1、使用Qt 4.7.4和Qt Creator 2.4.1及其的MinGW：

        具體的下載安裝請見另一篇博客：Qt中使用Protocol Buffers（一）：使用QT的MinGW + msys編譯Protocol Buffers v2.6.1

  2、Cmak：

        下載：https://cmake.org/download/，當前最新版本3.8.0，下載cmake-3.8.0-win64-x64.zip

        安裝：解壓並將bin目錄添加到環境目錄中去，安裝成功後可以在cmd中輸入cmake --version查看cmake的版本，cmake --help查看cmake的幫助

        

        

  3、RabbitMQ-c：

        下載：GitHub上下載：https://github.com/alanxz/rabbitmq-c/，下載rabbitmq-c-master.zip，下載完後解壓，就可以開始編譯啦

  開始編譯：

 根據RabbitMQ-c的下載地址下面的說明文檔進行編譯

  1、使用cmd進入到RabbitMQ的解壓地址，在rabbitmq-c-master文件夾中的cmake文件夾中創建文件夾build，然後輸入cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../../install ../..來配置

        cmake表示命令

        -G "MinGW Makefiles"表示使用MinGW來生成文件

        -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../../install表示在rabbitmq-c-master文件夾中創建（如果沒有）install文件夾，並在install的時候將文件存放其中。

        ../..表示CmakeLists.txt所在的文件夾rabbitmq-c-master的文件夾

        配置結果：

        

        在這一步的時候遇到兩個錯誤：

        Error1: could not find cmakeroot，解決辦法：重新安裝cmake

        Error2: could not find openssl：

        

        解決辦法在這個網站找到：https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/587845628097951765.html，即將CMakeLists.txt文件中的ENABLE_SSL_SUPPORT的ON改成OFF，再刪除之前生成的文件重新編譯。

        正確的編譯結果是：

        D:\RabbitMQ\rabbitmq-c-master\cmake\build>cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../../install ../..
        -- The C compiler identification is GNU 4.4.0
        -- Check for working C compiler: D:/Qt/qtcreator-2.4.1/mingw/bin/gcc.exe
        -- Check for working C compiler: D:/Qt/qtcreator-2.4.1/mingw/bin/gcc.exe -- works
        -- Detecting C compiler ABI info
        -- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
        -- Detecting C compile features
        -- Detecting C compile features - done
        -- CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE not specified. Creating Release build
        -- Found C inline keyword: inline
        -- Looking for htonll
        -- Looking for htonll - not found
        -- Looking for poll
        -- Looking for poll - not found
        -- Looking for clock_gettime in rt
        -- Looking for clock_gettime in rt - not found
        -- Looking for posix_spawnp in rt
        -- Looking for posix_spawnp in rt - not found
        -- Performing Test HAVE_GNU90
        -- Performing Test HAVE_GNU90 - Failed
        -- Performing Test HAVE_C90
        -- Performing Test HAVE_C90 - Failed
        -- Could NOT find POPT (missing:  POPT_INCLUDE_DIR POPT_LIBRARY)
        -- Could NOT find XMLTO (missing:  XMLTO_EXECUTABLE)
        -- Could NOT find Doxygen (missing:  DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE)
        -- Looking for pthread.h
        -- Looking for pthread.h - found
        -- Looking for pthread_create
        -- Looking for pthread_create - not found
        -- Looking for pthread_create in pthreads
        -- Looking for pthread_create in pthreads - not found
        -- Looking for pthread_create in pthread
        -- Looking for pthread_create in pthread - found
        -- Found Threads: TRUE
        -- Building rabbitmq as a shared library - yes
        -- Building rabbitmq as a static library - yes
        -- Configuring done
        -- Generating done
        -- Build files have been written to: D:/RabbitMQ/rabbitmq-c-master/cmake/build

  2、配置成功後就是編譯make，輸入make

  3、編譯成功後就是安裝，輸入make install：

        如果安裝成功後再次輸入make install就是如下內容：

        

  4、安裝成功，可以在install文件夾中查找到以下內容：

        bin文件夾：librabbitmq.4.dll

        include文件夾：amqp.h、amqp_framing.h、amqp_tcp_socket.h

        lib文件夾：liblibrabbitmq.4.a、librabbitmq.4.dll.a

  簡單實例：（測試安裝是否成功）

  依然是根據GitHub上面的安裝教程，後面接着的running the examples，不過它是用cmd命令行運行的，我直接在Qt中使用。

  1、分別建兩個工程，控制檯類型，一個用來發送一個用來監聽

  2、分別在每個工程文件的文件夾裏添加上三個頭文件：amqp.h、amqp_framing.h、amqp_tcp_socket.h和一個靜態庫文件：librabbitmq.4.dll.a

  3、分別在每個工程的.pro文件中添加

LIBS += -L $PWD/ -lrabbitmq.4 “-L$ PWD”是當前目錄，即main.cpp所在目錄，因爲我的librabbitmq.4.dll.a放在當前目錄中，所以直接這麼寫就可以，注意：/後面可以有空格，但是-l和文件之間不能有空格，且文件名中的lib和.dll.a皆省略。
4、編譯運行文件會發現不成功，但會生成一個工程文件夾，將librabbitmq.4.dll文件添加到生成的工程文件夾中的debug文件夾中去，再次編譯運行即

  運行結果：

  

  運行出現的錯誤：

  Logging in：socket is closed，兩個可能：

  1、檢查hostname、prot、exchange、routingkey / bindingkey、user、psw，可能筆誤寫錯。

  2、主機的服務器沒有開啓，導致socket is closed，本例是使用localhost作爲服務器，所以還需要在本地下載RabbitMQ的服務端，並打開使用才能成功運行。            

  rabbitmq-c的使用說明：

  1、需要有主機名：hostname、端口號：port、交換機：exchange、路由鑰匙：routingkey / 綁定鑰匙：bindingkey、用戶名：user、密碼：psw，我們的實例中默認用戶名和密碼都是guest。

  2、先建立TCP連接：

conn = amqp_new_connection();
socket = amqp_tcp_socket_new(conn);
3、打開建立的TCP連接，使用socket，主機名和端口號：

status = amqp_socket_open(socket, hostname, port);
4、登錄：
amqp_login(conn, “/”, 0, 131072, 0, AMQP_SASL_METHOD_PLAIN, “guest”, “guest”);
5、打開信道：
amqp_channel_open(conn, 1);
amqp_get_rpc_reply(conn);
6、開始發送或者監聽消息
7、關閉信道、關閉連接、銷燬連接：

amqp_channel_close(conn, 1, AMQP_REPLY_SUCCESS);
amqp_connection_close(conn, AMQP_REPLY_SUCCESS);
amqp_destroy_connection(conn);
      發送和監聽的main.cpp文件分別是： 

//發送"Hello World！”消息
#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include <QDebug>
//RabbitMQ相關頭文件
#include "amqp.h"
#include "amqp_framing.h"
#include "amqp_tcp_socket.h"
 
void die_on_error(int x, char const *context)
{
  if (x < 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", context, amqp_error_string2(x));
    exit(1);
  }
}
 
void die_on_amqp_error(amqp_rpc_reply_t x, char const *context)
{
  switch (x.reply_type) {
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_NORMAL:
    return;
 
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_NONE:
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: missing RPC reply type!\n", context);
    break;
 
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_LIBRARY_EXCEPTION:
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", context, amqp_error_string2(x.library_error));
    break;
 
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_SERVER_EXCEPTION:
    switch (x.reply.id) {
    case AMQP_CONNECTION_CLOSE_METHOD: {
      amqp_connection_close_t *m = (amqp_connection_close_t *) x.reply.decoded;
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: server connection error %uh, message: %.*s\n",
              context,
              m->reply_code,
              (int) m->reply_text.len, (char *) m->reply_text.bytes);
      break;
    }
    case AMQP_CHANNEL_CLOSE_METHOD: {
      amqp_channel_close_t *m = (amqp_channel_close_t *) x.reply.decoded;
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: server channel error %uh, message: %.*s\n",
              context,
              m->reply_code,
              (int) m->reply_text.len, (char *) m->reply_text.bytes);
      break;
    }
    default:
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown server error, method id 0x%08X\n", context, x.reply.id);
      break;
    }
    break;
  }
 
  exit(1);
}
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    //RabbitMQ start
    char const *hostname;
    int port, status;
    char const *exchange;
    char const *routingkey;
    char const *messagebody;
    amqp_socket_t *socket;
    amqp_connection_state_t conn;
 
    hostname = "localhost";
    port = 5672;
    exchange = "amq.direct";
    routingkey = "test";
    messagebody = "Hello World!";
 
    conn = amqp_new_connection();
 
    socket = amqp_tcp_socket_new(conn);
    if (!socket) {
        qDebug() << "creating TCP socket";
    }
 
    status = amqp_socket_open(socket, hostname, port);
    if (status) {
        qDebug() << "opening TCP socket";
    }
 
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_login(conn, "/", 0, 131072, 0, AMQP_SASL_METHOD_PLAIN, "guest", "guest"),
                      "Logging in");
    amqp_channel_open(conn, 1);
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_get_rpc_reply(conn), "Opening channel");
 
    {
      amqp_basic_properties_t props;
      props._flags = AMQP_BASIC_CONTENT_TYPE_FLAG | AMQP_BASIC_DELIVERY_MODE_FLAG;
      props.content_type = amqp_cstring_bytes("text/plain");
      props.delivery_mode = 2; /* persistent delivery mode */
      die_on_error(amqp_basic_publish(conn,
                                      1,
                                      amqp_cstring_bytes(exchange),
                                      amqp_cstring_bytes(routingkey),
                                      0,
                                      0,
                                      &props,
                                      amqp_cstring_bytes(messagebody)),
                   "Publishing");
    }
 
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_channel_close(conn, 1, AMQP_REPLY_SUCCESS), "Closing channel");
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_connection_close(conn, AMQP_REPLY_SUCCESS), "Closing connection");
    die_on_error(amqp_destroy_connection(conn), "Ending connection");
    //RabbitMQ end
 
    return a.exec();
}
//監聽“Hello World！”消息
#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include <QDebug>
//RabbitMQ相關頭文件
#include "amqp.h"
#include "amqp_framing.h"
#include "amqp_tcp_socket.h"
 
void die_on_error(int x, char const *context)
{
  if (x < 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", context, amqp_error_string2(x));
    exit(1);
  }
}
 
void die_on_amqp_error(amqp_rpc_reply_t x, char const *context)
{
  switch (x.reply_type) {
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_NORMAL:
    return;
 
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_NONE:
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: missing RPC reply type!\n", context);
    break;
 
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_LIBRARY_EXCEPTION:
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", context, amqp_error_string2(x.library_error));
    break;
 
  case AMQP_RESPONSE_SERVER_EXCEPTION:
    switch (x.reply.id) {
    case AMQP_CONNECTION_CLOSE_METHOD: {
      amqp_connection_close_t *m = (amqp_connection_close_t *) x.reply.decoded;
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: server connection error %uh, message: %.*s\n",
              context,
              m->reply_code,
              (int) m->reply_text.len, (char *) m->reply_text.bytes);
      break;
    }
    case AMQP_CHANNEL_CLOSE_METHOD: {
      amqp_channel_close_t *m = (amqp_channel_close_t *) x.reply.decoded;
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: server channel error %uh, message: %.*s\n",
              context,
              m->reply_code,
              (int) m->reply_text.len, (char *) m->reply_text.bytes);
      break;
    }
    default:
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown server error, method id 0x%08X\n", context, x.reply.id);
      break;
    }
    break;
  }
 
  exit(1);
}
 
static void dump_row(long count, int numinrow, int *chs)
{
  int i;
 
  printf("%08lX:", count - numinrow);
 
  if (numinrow > 0) {
    for (i = 0; i < numinrow; i++) {
      if (i == 8) {
        printf(" :");
      }
      printf(" %02X", chs[i]);
    }
    for (i = numinrow; i < 16; i++) {
      if (i == 8) {
        printf(" :");
      }
      printf("   ");
    }
    printf("  ");
    for (i = 0; i < numinrow; i++) {
      if (isprint(chs[i])) {
        printf("%c", chs[i]);
      } else {
        printf(".");
      }
    }
  }
  printf("\n");
}
 
static int rows_eq(int *a, int *b)
{
  int i;
 
  for (i=0; i<16; i++)
    if (a[i] != b[i]) {
      return 0;
    }
 
  return 1;
}
 
void amqp_dump(void const *buffer, size_t len)
{
  unsigned char *buf = (unsigned char *) buffer;
  long count = 0;
  int numinrow = 0;
  int chs[16];
  int oldchs[16] = {0};
  int showed_dots = 0;
  size_t i;
 
  for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    int ch = buf[i];
 
    if (numinrow == 16) {
      int j;
 
      if (rows_eq(oldchs, chs)) {
        if (!showed_dots) {
          showed_dots = 1;
          printf("          .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. : .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..\n");
        }
      } else {
        showed_dots = 0;
        dump_row(count, numinrow, chs);
      }
 
      for (j=0; j<16; j++) {
        oldchs[j] = chs[j];
      }
 
      numinrow = 0;
    }
 
    count++;
    chs[numinrow++] = ch;
  }
 
  dump_row(count, numinrow, chs);
 
  if (numinrow != 0) {
    printf("%08lX:\n", count);
  }
}
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    
    //RabbitMQ start
    char const *hostname;
    int port, status;
    char const *exchange;
    char const *bindingkey;
    amqp_socket_t *socket = NULL;
    amqp_connection_state_t conn;
 
    amqp_bytes_t queuename;
 
    hostname = "localhost";
    port = 5672;
    exchange = "amq.direct";
    bindingkey = "test";
 
    conn = amqp_new_connection();
 
    socket = amqp_tcp_socket_new(conn);
    if (!socket) {
      qDebug() << "creating TCP socket";
    }
 
    status = amqp_socket_open(socket, hostname, port);
    if (status) {
      qDebug() << "opening TCP socket";
    }
 
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_login(conn, "/", 0, 131072, 0, AMQP_SASL_METHOD_PLAIN, "guest", "guest"),
                      "Logging in");
    amqp_channel_open(conn, 1);
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_get_rpc_reply(conn), "Opening channel");
 
    //大括號指明變量的作用域
    {
      amqp_queue_declare_ok_t *r = amqp_queue_declare(conn, 1, amqp_empty_bytes, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                   amqp_empty_table);
      die_on_amqp_error(amqp_get_rpc_reply(conn), "Declaring queue");
      queuename = amqp_bytes_malloc_dup(r->queue);
      if (queuename.bytes == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory while copying queue name");
        return 1;
      }
    }
 
    amqp_queue_bind(conn, 1, queuename, amqp_cstring_bytes(exchange), amqp_cstring_bytes(bindingkey),
                    amqp_empty_table);
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_get_rpc_reply(conn), "Binding queue");
 
    amqp_basic_consume(conn, 1, queuename, amqp_empty_bytes, 0, 1, 0, amqp_empty_table);
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_get_rpc_reply(conn), "Consuming");
 
    {
      for (;;) {
        amqp_rpc_reply_t res;
        amqp_envelope_t envelope;
 
        amqp_maybe_release_buffers(conn);
 
        res = amqp_consume_message(conn, &envelope, NULL, 0);
 
        if (AMQP_RESPONSE_NORMAL != res.reply_type) {
          break;
        }
 
        printf("Delivery %u, exchange %.*s routingkey %.*s\n",
               (unsigned) envelope.delivery_tag,
               (int) envelope.exchange.len, (char *) envelope.exchange.bytes,
               (int) envelope.routing_key.len, (char *) envelope.routing_key.bytes);
 
        if (envelope.message.properties._flags & AMQP_BASIC_CONTENT_TYPE_FLAG) {
          printf("Content-type: %.*s\n",
                 (int) envelope.message.properties.content_type.len,
                 (char *) envelope.message.properties.content_type.bytes);
        }
        printf("----\n");
 
        amqp_dump(envelope.message.body.bytes, envelope.message.body.len);
 
        amqp_destroy_envelope(&envelope);
      }
    }
 
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_channel_close(conn, 1, AMQP_REPLY_SUCCESS), "Closing channel");
    die_on_amqp_error(amqp_connection_close(conn, AMQP_REPLY_SUCCESS), "Closing connection");
    die_on_error(amqp_destroy_connection(conn), "Ending connection");
    //RabbitMQ end
 
    return a.exec();
}

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