MySQL主從複製（5）——主主複製架構的搭建
一、系統環境
MySQL版本：MySQL5.7
Linux版本：CentOS7.0
主數據庫A地址：192.168.1.11
主數據庫B地址：192.168.1.12
二、配置192.168.1.11爲主，192.168.1.12爲從
（一）配置192.168.1.11
1、修改配置文件
找到主數據庫的配置文件my.cnf，在[mysqld]部分添加如下內容：
[root@Mysql11 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
.........
server-id=1 ### 服務器ID
log-bin=mysql-bin ### 開啓binlog
binlog_format=mixed ### binlog模式爲mixed
binlog_row_image=MINIMAL
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
### 設置同步時需要忽略哪些數據庫，一般同步不要同步mysql庫，用戶名和密碼信息在mysql數據庫中
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=sys
relay-log=mysql-relay-log ### 開啓relay log
........
配置完成後重啓mysql服務，查看binlog日誌文件信息：
[root@Mysql11 ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin*
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 1461 7月 5 21:58 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 19 7月 5 21:57 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index
2、創建複製用戶
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+-------------+
| user | host |
+---------------+-------------+
| wgx | % |
| repl | 192.168.1.% |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+---------------+-------------+
5 rows in set (0.03 sec)
3、導出數據庫數據，並複製到從庫
[root@Mysql11 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --all-databases --master-data=2 --events > /tmp/all_bak.sql
mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@Mysql11 ~]# ls /tmp/
all_bak.sql
[root@Mysql11 ~]# scp /tmp/all_bak.sql 192.168.1.12:/tmp/
root@192.168.1.12's password:
all_bak.sql 100% 835KB 835.5KB/s 00:00
[root@Mysql11 ~]#
4、查看二進制日誌信息
mysql> show master logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1461 |
+------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
（二）配置192.168.1.12
1、修改配置文件
找到從數據庫的配置文件my.cnf，在[mysqld]部分添加如下內容：
[root@Mysql11 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
.........
server-id=2 ### 服務器ID
log-bin=mysql-bin ### 開啓binlog
binlog_format=mixed ### binlog模式爲mixed
binlog_row_image=MINIMAL
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
### 設置同步時需要忽略哪些數據庫，一般同步不要同步mysql庫，用戶名和密碼信息在mysql數據庫中
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=sys
relay-log=mysql-relay-log ### 開啓relay log
.......
配置完成後重啓mysql服務，查看relay log文件信息：
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin*
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 154 7月 5 22:09 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 19 7月 5 22:09 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index
2、導入主服務器上的數據
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 < /tmp/all_bak.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
3、配置主從同步參數
在從服務器上執行如下命令：
change master to
master_host='192.168.1.11',
master_port=3306,
master_user='repl',
master_password='123456',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=1461;
4、開啓從庫的服務（啓動IO和SQL線程）
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
5、查看主從複製的狀態
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.11
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-log.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 367
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
三、配置192.168.1.12爲主，192.168.1.11爲從
（一）配置192.168.1.12
1、修改配置文件
找到主數據庫的配置文件my.cnf，在[mysqld]部分添加如下內容：
# 開啓二進制日誌
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 二進制模式爲混合模式
binlog-format=mixed
# row模式時，只記錄更新的字段
binlog_row_image=MINIMAL
# 即使在row模式下，也保存SQL語句
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=sys
重啓mysql服務，查看日誌文件信息：
[root@localhost mysql]# ll /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin*
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 154 7月 5 23:34 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 19 7月 5 23:34 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index
2、創建複製用戶
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=low;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl1'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-------------+---------------+
| host | user |
+-------------+---------------+
| % | wgx |
| 192.168.1.% | repl1 |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-------------+---------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3、查看二進制日誌信息
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | | mysql,sys | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
（二）配置192.168.1.11
1、修改配置文件
找到從數據庫的配置文件my.cnf，在[mysqld]部分添加如下內容：
[root@Mysql11 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
.........
relay-log=mysql-relay-log ### 開啓relay log
........
2、配置主從同步參數
在從服務器上執行如下命令：
change master to
master_host='192.168.1.12',
master_port=3306,
master_user='repl1',
master_password='123456',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=154;
3、開啓從庫的服務（啓動IO和SQL線程）
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
4、查看主從複製的狀態
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.12
Master_User: repl1
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 315
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 481
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
四、利用數據操作驗證主從複製
1、在192.168.1.11上創建數據庫 mydata
mysql> create database mydata;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| aaa |
| hist |
| mydata |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| wanggx |
+--------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
2、在192.168.1.12上查看
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| aaa |
| hist |
| mydata |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| wanggx |
+--------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3、在192.168.1.12上選擇 mydata 數據庫，創建一張表 t222
mysql> use mydata
Database changed
mysql> create table t222(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
4、在192.168.1.11上查看
mysql> use mydata;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_mydata |
+------------------+
| t222 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)