首先應該在pom中添加以下插件，跳過test，否則打包會報錯。
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<skip>true</skip>
</configuration>
</plugin>
接下來依次執行clean和package進行打包
打包後會在項目target下生成jar文件，之後在jar文件所在目錄下通過命令行運行jar文件即可啓動項目。默認情況下會將日誌打印在控制檯，可以通過 > 將日誌打印到指定位置。
C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop>java -jar BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar > C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\bigdata.log &
打包過程還可能會遇到依賴衝突，我這裏遇到的衝突報錯日誌如下：
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [NonLoginAuthenticator[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_171]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:841) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1384) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1374) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:421) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:930) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:459) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.initialize(TomcatWebServer.java:107) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.<init>(TomcatWebServer.java:88) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getTomcatWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:438) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:191) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.createWebServer(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:180) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:153) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:544) [spring-context-5.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:5.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:141) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1215) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at com.kingdee.re.BigDataApplication.main(BigDataApplication.java:11) [classes!/:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:48) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:87) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:51) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher.main(JarLauncher.java:52) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [NonLoginAuthenticator[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.startInternal(StandardPipeline.java:176) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5063) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1384) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1374) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
... 37 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1220) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
... 47 common frames omitted
2020-02-26 12:00:55.663 ERROR 16748 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase : A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:421) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:930) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:459) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.initialize(TomcatWebServer.java:107) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.<init>(TomcatWebServer.java:88) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getTomcatWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:438) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:191) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.createWebServer(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:180) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:153) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:544) [spring-context-5.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:5.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:141) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1215) [spring-boot-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar!/:2.2.2.RELEASE]
at com.kingdee.re.BigDataApplication.main(BigDataApplication.java:11) [classes!/:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:48) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:87) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:51) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
at org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher.main(JarLauncher.java:52) [BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:928) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:841) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1384) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1374) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
... 29 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [NonLoginAuthenticator[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
... 37 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [NonLoginAuthenticator[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[]]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.startInternal(StandardPipeline.java:176) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5063) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1384) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1374) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_171]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
... 37 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1220) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/:9.0.29]
... 47 common frames omitted
2020-02-26 12:00:55.663 INFO 16748 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2020-02-26 12:00:55.701 WARN 16748 --- [ main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start web server; nested exception is org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerException: Unable to start embedded Tomcat
2020-02-26 12:00:55.709 INFO 16748 --- [ main] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener :
Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2020-02-26 12:00:55.712 ERROR 16748 --- [ main] o.s.b.d.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter :
***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************
Description:
An attempt was made to call a method that does not exist. The attempt was made from the following location:
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1220)
The following method did not exist:
javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;
The method's class, javax.servlet.ServletContext, is available from the following locations:
jar:file:/C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.class
jar:file:/C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/javax.servlet-api-4.0.1.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.class
jar:file:/C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-core-9.0.29.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.class
It was loaded from the following location:
jar:file:/C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/BigData-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar!/
Action:
Correct the classpath of your application so that it contains a single, compatible version of javax.servlet.ServletContext
通過分析日誌可以明顯看到，是javax.servlet.ServletContext有衝突。
解決步驟：
在idea中使用dependency analyzer插件分析pom依賴
找到日誌中標出的衝突的jar包，排除掉多餘的只留一個即可。