java條形碼和二維碼解析

java條形碼和二維碼解析

條形碼（一維碼）

• 條形碼（barcode）
  – 將寬度不等的多個黑條和空白，按照一定的編碼規則排列，用以表達一組信息的圖形標識符
  – 通常代表一串數字/字母，每一位有特殊含義
  – 一般數據容量30個數字/字母
  – 專門機構管理：中國物品編碼中心

二維碼

• 二維碼，二維條形碼
  – 用某種特定的幾何圖形按一定規律在平面（二維方向上）分佈的黑白相間的圖形記錄數據符號信息
  – 比一維條形碼能存更多信息，表示更多數據類型
  – 能夠存儲數字/字母/漢字/圖片等信息
  – 字符集128個字符
  – 可存儲幾百到幾十KB字符
  – 抗損壞

二維碼解析

java是沒有解析二維碼的庫，我們只能依賴第三方jar包

Zxing(Zebra Crossin)

• Zxing(Zebra Crossing)
  – Google出品
  – 支持1D和2D的Barcode
  – 主要類
  • BitMatrix位圖矩陣
  • MultiFormatWriter位圖編寫器
  • MatrixToImageWriter寫入圖片

1D product	1D industrial	2D
UPC-A	Code 39	QR Code
UPC - E	Code 93	Data Matrix
EAN-8	Code 128	Aztec(beta)
EAN-13	Codabar	PDF 417

Zxing 代碼示例

pom.xml引入

 <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
      <artifactId>core</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
	    <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
	    <artifactId>javase</artifactId>
	    <version>3.3.3</version>
	</dependency>

一維碼生成及解析代碼示例

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.zxing;

import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @ClassName：BarCodeTest
 * @Description：
 * @author: Torey
 */
public class BarCodeTest {
    /**
     * 根據code生成相應的一維碼
     * @param file 一維碼目標文件
     * @param code 一維碼內容
     * @param width 圖片寬度
     * @param height 圖片高度
     */
    public static void generateCode(File file, String code,int width,int height){
        //定義位圖矩陣BitMatrix
        BitMatrix matrix=null;
        try{
            //使用code_128格式進行表面生成100*25的條形碼
            MultiFormatWriter writer = new MultiFormatWriter();
            matrix= writer.encode(code,BarcodeFormat.CODE_128,width,height,null);
            // matrix= writer.encode(code,BarcodeFormat.EAN_13,width,height,null);
        }catch (Exception ex){ex.printStackTrace();}
        //將位圖矩陣BitMatrix保存爲圖片
        try(FileOutputStream outStream =new FileOutputStream(file)){
            ImageIO.write(MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(matrix),"png",outStream);
            outStream.flush();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args){
        generateCode(new File("1dcode.png"),"123456789012",500,250);
        readCode(new File("1dcode.png"));
    }

    /**
     * 解析一維碼
     * @param file
     */
    private static void readCode(File file) {
       try{
           BufferedImage read = ImageIO.read(file);
           if (null==read) {
               return;
           }
           BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(read);
           BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
           Map<DecodeHintType,Object> hints=new HashMap<>();
           hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"GBK");
           hints.put(DecodeHintType.PURE_BARCODE,Boolean.TRUE);
           hints.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER,Boolean.TRUE);

           Result decode = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
           System.out.println("條形碼的內容是："+decode.getText());
       }catch (Exception ex){}
    }
}

二維碼生成及解析示例代碼

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.zxing;

import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @ClassName：QRCodeTest
 * @Description：二維碼
 * @author: Torey
 */
public class QRCodeTest {
    /*
    定義二維碼的寬高
     */
    private static int WIDTH=300;
    private static int HEIGHT=300;
    private static String FORMAT="png";//二維碼格式
    //生成二維碼
    public static void generateQRCode(File file, String content){
        //定義二維碼參數
        Map<EncodeHintType,Object> hints=new HashMap<>();
        //設置編碼
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"utf-8");
        //設置容錯等級
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION,ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
        //設置邊距默認是5
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN,2);
        try{
            //把內容寫進二維碼中
            BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, WIDTH, HEIGHT, hints);
            Path path = file.toPath();
            //寫入指定路徑下
            MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix,FORMAT,path);
        }catch (Exception ex){
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args){
        generateQRCode(new File("2dcode.png"),"http://www.baidu.com");
        readQrCode(new File("2dcode.png"));
    }

    private static void readQrCode(File file) {
        MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();
        try{
            BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);
            BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image)));
            Map<DecodeHintType,Object> hints=new HashMap();
            hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"utf-8");//設置編碼
            Result result = reader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints);
            System.out.println("解析結果爲：" + reader.toString());
            System.out.println("二維碼格式爲："+result.getBarcodeFormat());
            System.out.println("二維碼文本內容爲："+result.getText());
        }catch (Exception ex){

        }
    }
}

Barcode4J

• Barcode4J
  – 純Java實現的條形碼生成
  – 只負責生成，不負責解析
  – 主要類：
  • BarcodeUtil
  • BarcodeGenerator
  • DefaultConfiguration
    

  Barcode4J 代碼示例

  pom.xml引入

 <dependency>
      <groupId>net.sf.barcode4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>barcode4j</artifactId>
      <version>2.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.avalon.framework</groupId>
      <artifactId>avalon-framework-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

Barcode4J 生成一維碼代碼示例：

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.barcode4j;

import org.krysalis.barcode4j.impl.code39.Code39Bean;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.output.bitmap.BitmapCanvasProvider;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.tools.UnitConv;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

/**
 * @ClassName：BarCodeTest
 * @Description：barcode4j 生成一維碼
 * @author: Torey
 */
public class BarCodeTest {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        String msg="1234567891122AAs";
        String path="1dcode4j.png";
        generateFile(msg,path);
    }

    private static void generateFile(String msg, String path) {
        File file = new File(path);
        try{
            //Code39 EAN13 都是一維條形碼的不同標註
            Code39Bean code39Bean = new Code39Bean();
            //EAN13Bean ean13Bean = new EAN13Bean();
            //dpi精度 像素精度
            final int dpi=150;
            //module寬度
            //bean.setModuleWidth(0.2)
            final double width=UnitConv.in2mm(2.0f/dpi);
            code39Bean.setWideFactor(3);
            code39Bean.setModuleWidth(width);
            code39Bean.doQuietZone(false);

            String formar="image/png";
            //輸出到流
            BitmapCanvasProvider canvasProvider = new BitmapCanvasProvider(new FileOutputStream(file), formar, dpi, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_BINARY, false, 0);
            //生成條形碼
            code39Bean.generateBarcode(canvasProvider,msg);
            //結束繪製
            canvasProvider.finish();
        }catch (Exception ex){
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Barcode4J 生成二維碼代碼示例：

package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.barcode4j;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.DefaultConfiguration;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.BarcodeGenerator;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.BarcodeUtil;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.output.bitmap.BitmapCanvasProvider;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.tools.MimeTypes;

/**
 * @ClassName：DataMatrixCodeTest
 * @Description：
 * @author: Torey
 */
public class DataMatrixCodeTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        generateCode("2dcode4j.png","hello ,你好嗎？");

    }
private static void generateCode(String path,String msg){
        try{
    BarcodeUtil util = BarcodeUtil.getInstance();
    BarcodeGenerator gen = util.createBarcodeGenerator(buildCfg("datamatrix"));

    OutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("2dcode4j.png");
    int resolution = 300;
    BitmapCanvasProvider canvas = new BitmapCanvasProvider(fout, "image/png", resolution,
            BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_BINARY, false, 0);

    gen.generateBarcode(canvas, msg);
    canvas.finish();
        }catch (Exception ex){
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
}
    private static Configuration buildCfg(String type) {
        DefaultConfiguration cfg = new DefaultConfiguration("barcode");

        // Bar code type
        DefaultConfiguration child = new DefaultConfiguration(type);
        cfg.addChild(child);

        // Human readable text position
        DefaultConfiguration attr = new DefaultConfiguration("human-readable");
//		DefaultConfiguration subAttr = new DefaultConfiguration("placement");
//		subAttr.setValue("bottom");
//		attr.addChild(subAttr);
//		child.addChild(attr);
//		datamatrix code has no human-readable part
//		see http://barcode4j.sourceforge.net/2.1/symbol-datamatrix.html

        attr = new DefaultConfiguration("height");
        attr.setValue(50);
        child.addChild(attr);
        attr = new DefaultConfiguration("module-width");
        attr.setValue("0.6");
        child.addChild(attr);
        return cfg;
    }
}