Linux(centos6.8)配置Mysql環境

1.下載mysql安裝包

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

 

 

 

2.查詢mysql信息

[1]查詢mysql是否已經安裝

[root@pluto 桌面]# ps -ef|grep mysql

root       7921   6778  0 23:00 pts/3    00:00:00 grep mysql

[root@pluto 桌面]# rpm -qa|grep  mysql

mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

[root@pluto 桌面]# uname -a

Linux pluto.pluto 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue May 10 17:27:01 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

rpm包名基本格式：mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64

  |-名稱：mysql-libs

  |-版本號：5.1.73

  |-適用操作系統：el6.x86_64，表示centos6.x的64位系統

  通過以上的信息我們可以得知mysql已經安裝了，所以我們只需要卸載就好了。安裝我們想要的mysql版本。

[2]卸載原mysql

#普通刪除模式

[root@pluto 桌面]# rpm -e mysql-libs

error: Failed dependencies:

libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.x86_64

libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.x86_64

mysql-libs is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.6.6-6.el6_7.1.x86_64

#強力刪除模式，如果使用上面命令刪除時，提示有依賴的其它文件，則用該命令可以對其進行強力刪除

[root@pluto 桌面]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs

3.安裝mysql

[1]安裝mysql

[root@pluto opt]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386.rpm

[root@pluto opt]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386.rpm

注：如果出現error:libaio.so.1，則我們需要安裝依賴包.目前我只會通過yum安裝，要想通過yum安裝必須保證linux是可以聯網的。其它方式可以通過百度查詢。

[root@pluto opt]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386.rpm

warning: MySQL-server-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

error: Failed dependencies:

libaio.so.1 is needed by MySQL-server-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386

libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1) is needed by MySQL-server-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386

libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4) is needed by MySQL-server-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386

 

#出現error:libaio.so.1則執行以下命令

[root@pluto opt]# yum install libaio.so.1

 

[root@pluto opt]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386.rpm

warning: MySQL-client-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

error: Failed dependencies:

libncurses.so.5 is needed by MySQL-client-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.i386

 

#出現libncurses.so.5則執行以下命令

[root@pluto opt]# yum install libncurses.so.5

注：最好不要使用 yum install libaio這個命令，明確指出要安裝的依賴包，否則有可能依然會提示依賴沒有安裝。

[2]查看mysql安裝時創建的mysql用戶和mysql組

[root@pluto 桌面]# cat /etc/passwd|grep mysql

mysql:x:496:493:MySQL server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/bash

[root@pluto 桌面]# cat /etc/group|grep mysql

mysql:x:493:

或者通過以下方式可以查看是否安裝成功，以下類似於java -version

[root@pluto 桌面]# mysqladmin --version

mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.48, for Linux on i686

[3]啓動|停止mysql

#啓用mysql服務

[root@pluto 桌面]# service mysql start

Starting MySQL....                                         [確定]

 

#停止mysql服務

[root@pluto 桌面]# service mysql stop

Starting MySQL....                                         [確定]

4.配置MySql

[1]設置Mysql密碼

[root@pluto 桌面]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456

[2]設置mysql自啓動

#將mysql加入自啓動

[root@pluto 桌面]# chkconfig mysql on

[root@pluto 桌面]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

mysql           0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啓用 3:啓用 4:啓用 5:啓用 6:關閉

 

#查看runlevel

[root@pluto 桌面]# cat /etc/inittab

 

#查看開啓啓動的服務，帶*表示爲開機啓動的服務

[root@pluto 桌面]# ntsysv

[3]mysql安裝位置

[root@pluto 桌面]# ps -ef|grep mysql

root       8530      1  0 23:23 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/pluto.pluto.pid

mysql      8621   8530  0 23:23 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/pluto.pluto.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/pluto.pluto.pid

root       8750   8229  0 23:34 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysql

[root@pluto 桌面]# cd /var/lib/mysql/

[root@pluto mysql]# ls -l

 

 

 

[4]修改配置文件位置

[root@pluto mysql]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

 

 

 

[5]修改mysql字符集

(1)查看mysql編碼集

mysql> show variables like 'character%';

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

 

 

 

  默認的客戶端和服務器都是用latin1,所以進行插入中文時會出現亂碼

 

 

 

 

(2)修改mysql編碼集

[root@pluto etc]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]

#password       = your_password

port            = 3306

socket          = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

default-character-set=utf8

 

[mysqld]

port            = 3306

character_set_server=utf8

character_set_client=utf8

collation-server=utf8_general_ci

socket          = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 384M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 512

sort_buffer_size = 2M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size = 32M

# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency

thread_concurrency = 8

 

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

default-character-set=utf8

 

[root@pluto etc]# service mysql restart

Shutting down MySQL.                                       [確定]

Starting MySQL..                                           [確定]

注：重新連接後重新create database並使用新建的庫，然後新建的表才能插入、顯示中文。

5.MySQL遠程連接

https://www.cnblogs.com/happyhuangjinjin/p/8244851.html

[1].linux網絡設置

[2].MySQL設置遠程用戶

  在需要被遠程的機器上添加可遠程連接用戶

https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/1771404477336032980.html

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';

 

 

[3].防火牆設置3306可通行

https://www.cnblogs.com/xxoome/p/6884376.html

[root@pluto 桌面]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

 

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

[root@pluto 桌面]# service iptables restart