OPPO互聯網DevSecOps實踐

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"OPPO子午互聯網安全實驗室 瀋海濤"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一、前言"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"伴隨着移動互聯網技術的高速發展，如何保障產品的安全與隱私合規成爲了一個嚴峻的挑戰。尤其是在產品複雜度高、更新迭代快的現狀下，如何應對挑戰，已經成爲了企業發展必須要慎重考慮的問題。以OPPO爲例，OPPO僅ColorOS全球月活用戶數就達到了3.7億+。產品形態覆蓋 Web APP、Android APP、 iOS APP、快應用、SDK、IoT等，日變更1000+次。本文將以OPPO安全應對行業挑戰所作出的實踐爲例，重點介紹OPPO互聯網DevSecOps實踐，更準確的說是從傳統SDL到DevSecOps轉型的實踐。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不能免俗，先放概覽。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/73/73ef024de39c097df75ab8f7aacb4039.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文將從以下幾個方面展開：安全活動融入研發流程、安全防護平臺建設、安全文化建設、外部合作以及持續精進。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二、安全活動融入研發流程"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安全與隱私合規是企業存續發展的基石之一。基於DevSecOps的原則，安全活動需要貫穿研發流程的每一個環節，使安全與隱私合規成爲各團隊的共同責任。在現有的研發流程中，子午實驗室開發了安全與隱私評測系統，並將安全活動融入到研發流程的不同階段中，覆蓋業務的大版本及涉及到安全與隱私重大變更的小版本。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.制定流程規則"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先要解決的是融入研發流程的規則問題，以及如何進行卡點管控。我們一般會將產品的生命週期分爲產品需求、架構設計、編碼實現、測試、發佈、運營等幾個階段。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在DevSecOps實施初期或者安全團隊組建的初期，想要覆蓋產品的全部生命週期是很困難的，這個階段需要解決面的問題，抓大放小，因此會選取一些關鍵的節點進行管控。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們選取了三個強流程進行卡點：產品需求階段進行隱私合規評審，產品發佈前進行安全測試&隱私合規測試，這樣基本上保障了產品的安全與隱私的基線要求。如下圖所示："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/1f/1f4a53fb1435e390ae206a5f52934066.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"之所以選取隱私合規評審作爲強流程卡點是由於業務形態所致，OPPO是一家全球化的公司，產品和服務覆蓋全球幾十個國家和地區，面臨巨大的隱私合規挑戰，比如歐盟區域的 GDPR等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隱私合規評審可以在產品設計需求階段就滿足合規要求，避免上線前檢測不合規造成的業務返工及大量的改造成本。同時我們還在上線前進行了安全測試和隱私合規測試來強卡點，業務必須滿足安全與隱私質量標準才能夠上線。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外在流程規則中要考慮介入的深度和範圍。深度越深，範圍越大意味着安全的工作量越大，業務的感知越強烈，對業務效率的影響也會越大。目前我們的策略是，安全流程強制覆蓋新業務或者老業務的大版本，其他的版本由業務架構師根據我們的指引（checklist）進行自評，由業務自行判定是否走安全流程，這樣既保證了能夠消除大部分風險，又兼顧了業務效率。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.IT系統支撐"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"流程有了，接下來就是要保障流程能夠順利落地執行，靠人來跟進無論是在覆蓋度上，還是效率上都是不靠譜的，於是我們構建了 DevSecOps 的 IT 支撐系統，即將安全流程融入到 CI/CD 系統中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/d4/d443870f6ce1f44080e3993b3e6d83ff.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如下圖所示，我們將安全活動融入到CI/CD流水線中，以後端流水線爲例，在構建階段會進行源代碼安全掃描，在部署測試集成階段會進行後端動態安全掃描（IAST），上線之前會進行安全評測，包括安全測試和隱私合規測試。而且這個流水線是可編輯和配置的，後續可以按需加入更多的自動化掃描或者其他安全活動。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/4b/4b3d624dcdf50c2a299c4bca0aa49f0f.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同時，開發進入CI系統時候，會自動檢測當前的開發是否進行過需求評審，如果沒有的話會進行提示。在安全測試和隱私合規測試階段會檢測是否進行過需求評審，如果沒有的話則無法提測。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/58/589c9918c5331b05ca251332c0182dff.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們開展的需求評審可以認爲是輕量級的威脅建模，通過詳盡的引導式提示做到業務自助式操作，極大減輕了安全的溝通工作量。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/76/767087fa06152cbe24659546747ef556.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而評審系統裏面的檢查項是抽取了《安全&隱私標準規範》中的部分重點內容,主要的標準規範如下："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/7c/7c119d27513828ad8e70ef7ab9ad2ebf.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3.自動化能力構建"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在DevSecOps 中純粹靠堆人力是很難適應DevOps的快節奏的，自動化能力構建是必經之路。子午實驗室在以下幾方面構建了自動化能力,大部分自動化能力已經融入到了CI/CD流程中："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"靜態源代碼掃描（SAST）"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"後端動態自動安全測試（IAST）"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開源組件黑名單檢測（SCA）"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安卓APP靜態安全與隱私合規掃描"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安卓APP動態安全與隱私掃描"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安卓SDK特徵掃描"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"… 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