Spring Boot 如何提升服務吞吐量？

原創

Java技術棧

2020-09-22 14:27

作者：lipengxs
來源：https://my.oschina.net/lipengxs/blog/3162343

背景

生產環境偶爾會有一些慢請求導致系統性能下降，吞吐量下降，下面介紹幾種優化建議。

方案

1、undertow替換tomcat

電子商務類型網站大多都是短請求，一般響應時間都在100ms，這時可以將web容器從tomcat替換爲undertow，下面介紹下步驟：

1、增加pom配置

<dependency>
    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactid>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactid>
</dependency>

2、增加相關配置

server:
  undertow:
    direct-buffers: true
    io-threads: 4
    worker-threads: 160

重新啓動可以在控制檯看到容器已經切換爲undertow了。

推薦閱讀：吊打 Tomcat ，Undertow 性能很炸！！

2、緩存

將部分熱點數據或者靜態數據放到本地緩存或者redis中，如果有需要可以定時更新緩存數據

3、異步

在代碼過程中我們很多代碼都不需要等返回結果，也就是部分代碼是可以並行執行，這個時候可以使用異步，最簡單的方案是使用springboot提供的@Async註解，當然也可以通過線程池來實現，下面簡單介紹下異步步驟。

1、pom依賴一般springboot引入web相關依賴就行

<dependency>
    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>

2、在啓動類中增加@EnableAsync註解

@EnableAsync
@SpringBootApplicationpublic
class AppApplication
{
    public static void main(String[] args){
      SpringApplication.run(AppApplication.class, args);
    }
}

3、需要時在指定方法中增加@Async註解，如果是需要等待返回值，則demo如下

@Async
public Future<string> doReturn(int i){
  try {
      // 這個方法需要調用500毫秒
      Thread.sleep(500);
  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
  }        // 消息彙總
  return new AsyncResult&lt;&gt;("異步調用");
}

4、如果有線程變量或者logback中的mdc，可以增加傳遞

import org.slf4j.MDC;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.task.TaskDecorator;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

/**
 * @Description:
 */
@EnableAsync
@Configuration
public class AsyncConfig extends AsyncConfigurerSupport {
    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setTaskDecorator(new MdcTaskDecorator());
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

class MdcTaskDecorator implements TaskDecorator {

    @Override
    public Runnable decorate(Runnable runnable) {
        Map<string, string> contextMap = MDC.getCopyOfContextMap();
        return () -&gt; {
            try {
                MDC.setContextMap(contextMap);
                runnable.run();
            } finally {
                MDC.clear();
            }
        };
    }
}

5、有時候異步需要增加阻塞

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class TaskExecutorConfig {

    @Bean("localDbThreadPoolTaskExecutor")
    public Executor threadPoolTaskExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(200);
        taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(200);
        taskExecutor.setKeepAliveSeconds(100);
        taskExecutor.setThreadNamePrefix("LocalDbTaskThreadPool");
        taskExecutor.setRejectedExecutionHandler((Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) -&gt; {
                    if (!executor.isShutdown()) {
                        try {
                            Thread.sleep(300);
                            executor.getQueue().put(r);
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            log.error(e.toString(), e);
                            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                        }
                    }
                }
        );
        taskExecutor.initialize();
        return taskExecutor;
    }

}