波士頓動力慘遭三次“賣身”，軟銀不想繼續燒錢了

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"北京時間 11 月 10 日，彭博社消息稱，軟銀集團正在進行談判，打算將機器人制造商波士頓動力（Boston Dynamics）出售給現代汽車公司。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就在此消息發出的前一天，軟銀髮布了 2020 年第二財季（4-9 月）財報。財報顯示，軟銀本財季各項指標均超市場預期。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這對於很長一段時間處於虧損狀態的軟銀來說，是一個好消息。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"波士頓動力再易主，軟銀不想繼續燒錢了"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"彭博社引援知情人士消息稱，軟銀集團正在考慮將波士頓動力出售給韓國現代集團。有相關人士表示，如果交易達成，波士頓動力或以 10 億美元的價格出售。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現代汽車目前已經作出迴應，表示：“正在不斷探索各種投資、合作的機會。” 波士頓動力方面則表示：“（我們的工作）能持續激發合作伙伴的興趣，讓他們與公司建立更深入的商業合作關係。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於波士頓動力來說，這已經是第三次“賣身”了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"早期的波士頓動力是爲美國軍方提供機械設計的，最爲人熟知的四足機器人（或稱“機器狗”）其實也是爲軍隊服務的產品。但是一直以來，波士頓動力就沒有一個真正的歸宿。1992 年，波士頓動力從 MIT 分離，保持獨立運營；2013 年被谷歌收購，2017 年穀歌又將它賣給軟銀集團。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與其說波士頓動力像企業，不如說它更像研究機構。它所研究的機器人的確很先進，也常有各種令人驚訝的產品及演示視頻放出，但是這些產品目前仍然只能在實驗室生存，並不具備真正的實用功能，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"因此這家公司至今沒有盈利"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/constatic.geekbang.org\/infoq\/5faa107fda790.png?imageView2\/0\/w\/800","alt":"image","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雖然波士頓動力已經將其機器狗 Spot 正式開放售賣，但是每隻合人民幣約 5 萬元的售價對於大部分人來說確實是較難承受的，最重要的是，除了部分狂熱的技術愛好者購買用以研究外，也沒幾個普通人會去買它。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"機器人技術的研發週期普遍比較長，而波士頓動力專注的又是研發難度比較高的兩足 \/ 四足機器人領域，不斷地投入研究經費而不見回報，這對於任何一家投資機構來說都是不可接受的，谷歌如此，軟銀亦是如此。所以，波士頓動力頻遭出售也就不奇怪了，而它的疑似下家現代汽車是否能接得住這個盤，就要靠時間來檢驗了。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"賠了這麼久，軟銀終於賺了"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"回過頭來說一說波士頓動力的賣家——軟銀集團。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"昨天最新發布的財報顯示，軟銀第二財季淨銷售額 2.63 萬億日元（約合人民幣 1669.8 億元），同比增長 3.6%，實現淨利潤 1.88 萬億日元（約合人民幣 1196 億元），同比大增 346.7%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/constatic.geekbang.org\/infoq\/5faa107f53b3e.png?imageView2\/0\/w\/800","alt":"image","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外，軟銀還披露了願景基金的具體投資項目數。截至 2020 年第二財季，願景基金一期共進行了 83 項投資，總成本達 750 億美元，願景基金二期共進行了 13 項投資，總成本爲 26 億美元。收益方面，願景基金一期成立以來總收益達 74 億美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得一提的是，願景基金二期在報告期內錄得未實現收益 5372 億日元（約合 51.88 億美元），這部分收益主要來自被投公司貝殼找房上市後的浮盈。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年 11 月，軟銀向總部位於北京的貝殼找房注資 13.5 億美元。該公司於今年 8 月上市，截至 9 月底，軟銀在貝殼找房的持股價值已達到 64 億美元，這意味着 "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"願景基金的投資收穫了 375% 的回報"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"孫正義的豪賭仍在繼續"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有不少人曾調侃軟銀 CEO 孫正義：投資全看心情，是賺是賠全憑運氣。喜歡豪賭的孫正義也因此在業內留下了不少正面與負面的傳奇故事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"投資阿里巴巴、收購 vodafone 並一戰成名，這些決策成就了孫正義也壯大了軟銀；但後來對 Uber、WeWork 的投資失利，以及合併 Sprint 與 T-Mobile（美國第四大電信運營商）的計劃受阻，也讓軟銀遭受了巨大的打擊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數據顯示，截至 2019 年底，軟銀負債已達 1730 億美元，其中一般來自旗下子公司的負債。到 2020 年 3 月 19 日，軟銀股價跌至 4 年低點，該集團市值降至 510 億美元，孫正義直接持有的約 22% 股份價值僅僅略高於 110 億美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同樣在 3 月，軟銀宣佈出售阿里巴巴等優質股份以獲得資金；6 月，孫正義宣佈退出阿里巴巴的董事會；9 月，軟銀將芯片公司 ARM 以 400 億美元出售給英偉達，更被外界認爲是“拆東牆補西牆”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"即便如此，孫正義的賭局仍然在繼續。第二財季財報顯示：截至 9 月，軟銀 “在上市股票和其他工具上的投資”造成了 1317 億日元（約合 13 億美元）的虧損。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對此孫正義則表示：“聽起來風險很大，但它只佔我們所持資產總價值的 1%。（如果這些投資失敗），損失也只佔軟銀總股本的 1%-2%，只是整體的一小部分。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"參考鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/group.softbank\/en\/ir\/financials\/financial_reports","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/group.softbank\/en\/ir\/financials\/financial_reports"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/IfhcQPlbPpaWvlP9Hso0","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/IfhcQPlbPpaWvlP9Hso0"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/JZPegalvxdv5BLkbem1k","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/JZPegalvxdv5BLkbem1k"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}