SpringCloud04：SpringCloud Rest學習環境搭建

1、介紹

• 我們會使用一個Dept部門模塊做一個微服務通用案例Consumer消費者(Client)通過REST調用Provider提供者(Server)提供的服務。
• 回顧Spring，SpringMVC，Mybatis等以往學習的知識。
• Maven的分包分模塊架構複習。

一個父工程帶着多個Moudule子模塊

MicroServiceCloud父工程(Project)下初次帶着3個子模塊(Module)

• microservicecloud-api 【封裝的整體entity/接口/公共配置等】
• microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80 【服務提供者】
• microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001 【服務消費者】

2、新建三個數據庫

.

.

.

-- springcloud-db01
-- begin
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `springcloud-db01`;
USE `springcloud-db01`;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `dept` (
  `deptno` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `dname` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `db_source` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`deptno`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='部門表';

INSERT INTO `dept` (`deptno`, `dname`, `db_source`) VALUES
	(1, '開發部', 'db01'),
	(2, '財務部', 'db01'),
	(3, '人事部', 'db01'),
	(4, '市場部', 'db01'),
	(5, '運維部', 'db01');
-- end



-- springcloud-db02
-- begin
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `springcloud-db02`;
USE `springcloud-db02`;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `dept` (
  `deptno` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `dname` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `db_source` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`deptno`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='部門表';

INSERT INTO `dept` (`deptno`, `dname`, `db_source`) VALUES
	(1, '開發部', 'db02'),
	(2, '財務部', 'db02'),
	(3, '人事部', 'db02'),
	(4, '市場部', 'db02'),
	(5, '運維部', 'db02');
-- end



-- springcloud-db03
-- begin	
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `springcloud-db03`;
USE `springcloud-db03`;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `dept` (
  `deptno` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `dname` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `db_source` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`deptno`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='部門表';

INSERT INTO `dept` (`deptno`, `dname`, `db_source`) VALUES
	(1, '開發部', 'db03'),
	(2, '財務部', 'db03'),
	(3, '人事部', 'db03'),
	(4, '市場部', 'db03'),
	(5, '運維部', 'db03');
-- end

3、創建父工程

• 新建父工程項目springcloud，切記packaging是pom模式
• 主要是定義POM文件，將後續各個子模塊公用的jar包等統一提取出來，類似一個抽象父類

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.godfrey</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-study</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-boot.version>2.3.5.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.22</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.23</druid.version>
        <mybatis.version>1.3.2</mybatis.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.16</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--springCloud的依賴-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--SpringBoot-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--數據庫-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--Mybatis 啓動器-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--Lombok-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

4、新建springcloud-api模塊

4.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-study</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.godfrey</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

4.2 在com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo包下，新建實體類Dept

package com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class Dept implements Serializable {

    private Long deptno;
    private String dname;
    private String db_source;

    public Dept(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }
}

5、新建服務提供者springcloud-provider-dept-8001模塊

5.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-study</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.godfrey</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.godfrey</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

5.2 配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8001

# mybatis的配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

# spring的配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #數據庫
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://39.106.41.184:3306/springcloud-db01?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
    username: root
    password: root123

在resources目錄下Mybatis配置文件，開啓耳機緩存，mybatis.config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

接下來，新建項目結構

.

5.3 DeptMapper

package com.godfrey.springcloud.mapper;

import com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author godfrey
 * @since 2020-11-16
 */
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface DeptMapper {

    boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    Dept queryById(Long id);

    List<Dept> queryAll();
}

DeptMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.godfrey.springcloud.mapper.DeptMapper">

    <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
        insert into dept (deptno, dname, db_source)
        values (#{dname}, DATABASE())
    </insert>

    <select id="queryById" resultType="com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo.Dept" parameterType="Long">
        select *
        from dept
        where deptno = #{deptno};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAll" resultType="Dept">
        select *
        from dept;
    </select>

</mapper>

5.4 DeptService

package com.godfrey.springcloud.service;

import com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo.Dept;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author godfrey
 * @since 2020-11-16
 */
public interface DeptService {

    /**
     * 增加部門
     *
     * @return boolean
     */
    boolean addDept(Dept dept);


    /**
     * 通過id查詢部門
     *
     * @return Dept
     */
    Dept queryById(Long id);

    /**
     * 查詢所有部門
     *
     * @return java.util.List<com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo.Dept>
     */
    List<Dept> queryAll();
}

5.5 DeptController

package com.godfrey.springcloud.controller;

import com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import com.godfrey.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author godfrey
 * @since 2020-11-16
 */
@RestController
public class DeptController {

    private final DeptService deptService;

    public DeptController(DeptService deptService) {
        this.deptService = deptService;
    }

    @PostMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return deptService.addDept(dept);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Dept dept = deptService.queryById(id);
        if (dept == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Fail");
        }
        return dept;
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return deptService.queryAll();
    }
}

5.6 啓動類

package com.godfrey.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider_8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider_8001.class, args);
    }
}

6、新建消費者springcloud-consumer-dept-80模塊

6.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-study</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.godfrey</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.godfrey</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

6.2 配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 80

接下來，新建項目結構

.

6.3 配置類ConfigBean

package com.godfrey.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * 配置類
 *
 * @author godfrey
 * @since 2020-11-18
 */
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

6.4 DeptConsumerController

package com.godfrey.springcloud.controller;

import com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * @author godfrey
 * @since 2020-11-18
 */
@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:800";

    @Autowired
    DeptConsumerController(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    @PostMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/add/", dept, Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/get/" + id, Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/list", List.class);
    }
}

6.5 啓動類

package com.godfrey.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer_80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer_80.class, args);
    }
}

7、測試

服務提供者：

服務消費者

8、集羣

根據springcloud-provider-dept-8001模塊，新建兩個模塊springcloud-provider-dept-8002和springcloud-provider-dept-8003即可，隨後修改相應的配置文件和接口即可

爲了使消費者輪詢訪問8001~3，springcloud-consumer-dept-80模塊下controller修改爲如下：

package com.godfrey.springcloud.controller;

import com.godfrey.springcloud.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * @author godfrey
 * @since 2020-11-18
 */
@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:800";

    private AtomicInteger num = new AtomicInteger(3);

    @Autowired
    DeptConsumerController(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    @PostMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + (num.getAndIncrement() % 3 + 1) + "/dept/add/", dept, Boolean.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + (num.getAndIncrement() % 3 + 1) + "/dept/get/" + id, Dept.class);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + (num.getAndIncrement() % 3 + 1) + "/dept/list", List.class);
    }
}

啓動測試刷新瀏覽器，得到如下即環境搭建成功