Mac安裝python及依賴包 本文目標 前提條件 步驟 緣起

本文目標

介紹Mac環境下,安裝Python 3.8及一些依賴包.

前提條件

具備翻出去的能力

步驟

1.下載Python 3.8
https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.5/python-3.8.5-macosx10.9.pkg

2. 安裝並配置環境變量
   vi .bash_profile
   增加如下行:
   export PATH=/usr/local/bin/:$PATH
   source .bash_profile
3. 安裝依賴包
   根據具體需要安裝,下面是給出的樣例:

pip3 install lxml
pip3 install requests
pip3 install pathlib

緣起

之所以寫文本,是之前的環境下執行pip3下載依賴包時報如下錯誤:

WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting lxml
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/lxml/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/lxml/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
  ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement lxml (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for lxml
WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping