Mac安装python及依赖包 本文目标 前提条件 步骤 缘起

本文目标

介绍Mac环境下,安装Python 3.8及一些依赖包.

前提条件

具备翻出去的能力

步骤

1.下载Python 3.8
https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.5/python-3.8.5-macosx10.9.pkg

2. 安装并配置环境变量
   vi .bash_profile
   增加如下行:
   export PATH=/usr/local/bin/:$PATH
   source .bash_profile
3. 安装依赖包
   根据具体需要安装,下面是给出的样例:

pip3 install lxml
pip3 install requests
pip3 install pathlib

缘起

之所以写文本,是之前的环境下执行pip3下载依赖包时报如下错误:

WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting lxml
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/lxml/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/lxml/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/lxml/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping
  ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement lxml (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for lxml
WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping