基于HA机制的Mycat高可用
在实际项目中，Mycat 服务也需要考虑高可用性，如果 Mycat 所在服务器出现宕机，或 Mycat 服务故障，需要有备机提供服务，需要考虑 Mycat 集群。
1.高可用方案
使用 HAProxy + Keepalived 配合两台 Mycat 搭起 Mycat 集群，实现高可用性。HAProxy 实现了 MyCat 多节点的集群高可用和负载均衡，而 HAProxy 自身的高可用则可以通过 Keepalived 来实现。
|
编号 |
角色 |
IP地址 |
机器名 |
|
1 |
Mycat1 |
192.168.188.188 |
host79.pluto |
|
2 |
Mycat2 |
192.168.188.189 |
host80.pluto |
|
3 |
HAProxy(master) |
192.168.188.190 |
host81.pluto |
|
4 |
Keepalived(master) |
192.168.188.190 |
host81.pluto |
|
5 |
HAProxy(backup) |
192.168.188.191 |
host82.pluto |
|
6 |
Keepalived(backup) |
192.168.188.191 |
host82.pluto |
2.安装配置HAProxy
|
#1、准备好HAProxy安装包，传到/opt目录下
#2、解压到/usr/local/src tar -zxvf haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
#3、进入解压后的目录，查看内核版本，进行编译 cd /usr/local/src/haproxy-1.5.18 uname -r make TARGET=linux310 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy ARCH=x86_64 # ARGET=linux310，内核版本，使用uname -r查看内核，如：3.10.0-514.el7，此时该参数就为linux310； #ARCH=x86_64，系统位数； #PREFIX=/usr/local/haprpxy #/usr/local/haprpxy，为haprpxy安装路径。
#4、编译完成后，进行安装 make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
#5、安装完成后，创建目录、创建HAProxy配置文件 mkdir -p /usr/data/haproxy/ vim /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf
#6向配置文件中插入以下配置信息,并保存 |
[1].安装HAProxy
(1).准备好HAProxy安装包，传到/opt目录下
|
http://www.haproxy.org/download/1.5/src/ [root@host81 /]# cp /mnt/hgfs/VMShare/haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz /opt/ |
(2).解压到/usr/local/src
|
[root@host81 opt]# tar -zxvf haproxy-1.5.18.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/ |
(3).进入解压的目录，查看内核版本，进行编译
|
[root@host81 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/haproxy-1.5.18/ [root@host81 haproxy-1.5.18]# uname -r 2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 [root@host81 haproxy-1.5.18]# make TARGET=linux26 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy ARCH=x86_64 # ARGET=linux26，内核版本，使用uname -r查看内核，如：2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64 ，此时该参数就为linux26； #ARCH=x86_64，系统位数； #PREFIX=/usr/local/haprpxy #/usr/local/haprpxy，为haprpxy安装路径。 |
(4).编译完成后，进行安装
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[root@host81 haproxy-1.5.18]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy |
(5).安装完成后，创建目录、创建HAProxy配置文件
|
[root@host81 haproxy-1.5.18]# mkdir -p /usr/data/haproxy/ [root@host81 haproxy-1.5.18]# vim /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf global log 127.0.0.1 local0 #log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice #log loghost local0 info maxconn 4096 chroot /usr/local/haproxy pidfile /usr/data/haproxy/haproxy.pid uid 99 gid 99 daemon #debug #quiet
defaults log global modetcp option abortonclose option redispatch retries 3 maxconn 2000 timeout connect 5000 timeout client 50000 timeout server 50000
listen proxy_status bind :48066 mode tcp balance roundrobin server mycat_1 192.168.140.188:8066 check inter 10s server mycat_2 192.168.140.189:8066 check inter 10s
frontend admin_stats bind :7777 mode http stats enable option httplog maxconn 10 stats refresh 30s stats uri /admin stats auth admin:123456 stats hide-version stats admin if TRUE |
[2].启动验证
(1).启动HAProxy
|
[root@host82 haproxy]# /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf |
(2).查看HAProxy进程
|
[root@host82 haproxy]# ps -ef | grep haproxy nobody 18545 1 0 15:13 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.conf root 18547 16893 0 15:13 pts/0 00:00:00 grep haproxy |
(3).打开浏览器访问
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http://192.168.188.191:7777/admin #在弹出框输入用户名：admin密码：123456 #如果Mycat主备机未启动，则可以看到如下图 |
(4).验证负载均衡
3.安装配置Keepalived
[1].安装Keepalived
(1).准备好Keepalived安装包，传到/opt目录下
|
https://www.keepalived.org/download.html |
(2).解压到/usr/local/src
|
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.4.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src |
(3).安装依赖插件
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yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-deve |
(4).进入解压后的目录，进行配置，进行编译安装
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cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived make && make install |
(5).运行前配置
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cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ mkdir /etc/keepalived cp /usr/local/keepalive/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ cp /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.4.2/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/keepalive/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ |
(6).配置文件修改
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vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#修改内容如下 ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { } notification_email_from [email protected] smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr vrrp_garp_interval 0 vrrp_gna_interval 0 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { #主机配MASTER，备机配BACKUP state MASTER #所在机器网卡 interface eth1 virtual_router_id 51 #数值越大优先级越高 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { #虚拟IP 192.168.188.200 } } virtual_server 192.168.188.200 48066 { elay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind NAT persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.188.190 48066 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 3 retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 192.168.188.191 48600 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } }
}
|
[2].启动验证
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#1启动Keepalived service keepalived start
#2登录验证 mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.140.200 -P 48066 |
4.测试高可用
|
#1关闭mycat #2通过虚拟ip查询数据 mysql -umycat -p123456 -h 192.168.140.200 -P 48066 |