基於Docker實現Mysql主從同步
Docker搭建主從服務
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MySQL Docker Image 安裝
docker pull mysql:8.0
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運行容器
Master 對外映射端口 3307
docker run -p 3307:3306 --name master_mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:8.0
Slave 對外映射端口 3308
docker run -p 3308:3306 --name slave_mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:8.0
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查看正在運行的容器
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f1dd97714edd mysql:8.0 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 44 seconds ago Up 43 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp slave_mysql c9c213ae2ba1 mysql:8.0 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 50 seconds ago Up 49 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp master_mysql
配置
主節點
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修改ids
# 進入 master 容器內部 docker exec -it master_mysql /bin/bash # 同步時間 ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone # 更換源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free" >>/etc/apt/sources.list # 安裝vim apt-get update apt-get install vim -y # 修改 my.cnf vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
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my.cnf 添加內容:
[mysqld] # 同一局域網內唯一ID server-id=1 # 開啓二進制日誌功能 log-bin=mysql-bin # 開啓日誌 # general_log = 1 # general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/general_sql.log # 需要忽略的庫,忽略後不同步此庫 binlog-ignore-db=information_schema binlog-ignore-db=cluster binlog-ignore-db=mysql # 需要同步的庫 # binlog-do-db=test
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重啓 master 容器
docker restart master_mysql
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驗證server id
-- 連接mysql mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3307 -uroot -p123456 show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 1 | +---------------+-------+
注意:如果不修改ID會報錯
13117: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it).
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查看 master 的 binlog,此時需要保證Master庫不能做任何操作,否則將會引起狀態變化
show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000003 | 156 | | information_schema,cluster,mysql | | +------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+
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創建數據同步用戶
這用戶需要授予
slave REPLICATION SLAVE
,REPLICATION CLIENT
權限,用於同步數據CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* TO 'slave'@'%';
可用
show grants for slave;
來驗證是否授權成功, 使用mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3307 -uslave -p123456
來驗證是否可以登錄
從節點
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修改ids
# 進入 slave 容器內部 docker exec -it slave_mysql /bin/bash # 同步時間 ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone # 更換源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free" >>/etc/apt/sources.list # 安裝vim apt-get update apt-get install vim -y # 修改 my.cnf vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
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my.cnf 添加內容:
[mysqld] # 同一局域網內唯一ID server-id=2 # 開啓二進制日誌功能,以備Slave作爲其它Slave的Master時使用 log-bin=mysql-slave-bin # relay_log配置中繼日誌 relay_log=mysql-relay-bin # 開啓日誌 # general_log = 1 # general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/general_sql.log # 需要忽略的庫,忽略後不同步此庫 binlog-ignore-db=information_schema binlog-ignore-db=cluster binlog-ignore-db=mysql replicate-ignore-db=mysql # 需要複製的庫 # replicate-do-db=ufind_db log-slave-updates slave-skip-errors=all slave-net-timeout=60
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重啓 slave 容器
docker restart slave_mysql
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驗證server id
# 連接mysql mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3308 -uroot -p123456 show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 2 | +---------------+-------+
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鏈接主節點
查詢主節點容器的獨立IP
-- 鏈接配置 CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='你的網絡IP,不能是 127.0.0.1', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=156, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=30, MASTER_BIND=''; -- 啓動 start slave user='slave' password='123456'; -- 如果 slave 報錯: [ERROR] [MY-010584] [Repl] Slave I/O for channel , 嘗試使用 root -- start slave user='root' password='123456'; -- 查看 slave 狀態,確保: Slave_IO_Running: Connecting, Slave_SQL_Running: Yes show slave status\G
說明:
master_host: Master的地址 master_port: Master的端口號 master_user: 用於數據同步的用戶 master_password: 用於同步的用戶的密碼 master_log_file: 指定 Slave 從哪個日誌文件開始複製數據,即上文中提到的 File 字段的值 master_log_pos: 從哪個 Position 開始讀,即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值 master_connect_retry: 如果連接失敗,重試的時間間隔,單位是秒,默認是60秒
注意: 可用
docker logs -f slave_mysql
查看連接錯誤時的日誌
測試
主節點創建數據庫,查看從節點是否有同步
主:
create database test default character set utf8;
create table test.tbl_test (`user` varchar(64) not null, age int(11) not null) default charset utf8;
insert into test.tbl_test values ('li',22);
從:
show databases;
show tables from test;
select * from test.tbl_test;
+------+-----+
| user | age |
+------+-----+
| li | 22 |
+------+-----+