Kotlin開發團隊惹上麻煩了

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據彭博億萬富翁指數，總部位於捷克的軟件開發公司 JetBrains 的市值已經達到 70 億美元，三位俄羅斯創始人中的 Sergey Dmitriev 和 Valentin Kipiatkov 也進入了億萬富翁行列，而該公司不僅沒有上市，也從未接受過任何風險投資。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對風投不感興趣"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SlashData 數據顯示，Kotlin 是增長最快的語言。在過去兩年中，它的規模幾乎翻了一番。2019 年，谷歌宣佈 Kotlin 編程語言成爲 Android 應用程序開發人員的首選語言。谷歌表示，超過 60% 的專業 Android 開發者使用 Kotlin，谷歌自身也利用 Kotlin 語言來設計地圖、家庭和遊戲應用程序。Kotlin 此後更是勢不可擋。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而 Kotlin 背後的開發團隊就是 JetBrains。JetBrains 成立於 2000 年，是一傢俬人持股公司。除了 Kotlin，該公司爲人所熟知的產品還包括用於 Java 的 IntelliJ 集成開發環境（IDE）和用於編程語言 Python 的、使用最廣泛的 IDE PyCharm 等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據悉，該公司擁有近 1500 名員工，同時服務約 950 萬用戶。《財富》500 強公司中有 430 家是其客戶，包括花旗集團、谷歌和大衆汽車等。JetBrains 首席執行官 Maxim Shafirov 透露，這些客戶中，20% 是付費客戶。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"JetBrains 目前大約有 27 款產品，絕大多數都與微軟等科技公司自己的編程工具系列存在競爭。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了爲開發者提供的產品，主要包括集成開發環境、.NET 和 Visual Studio 工具和開發語言外，JetBrains 現在也進入了團隊協作工具市場。JetBrains 正在推出新的基於軟件開發的協作平臺 Space，其競爭對手包括 Slack、Microsoft Teams、Google Meet 和 Cisco Webex 等。其中，Slack 已經被 CRM 巨頭 Salesforce 以 277 億美元的價格收購。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不過在 2018 年，JetBrains 公司營收就已經達到了 2.7 億美元，淨收入 1 億美元，自由現金流（FCF）1.34 億美元。在良好的發展勢頭和高漲的需求下，很多硅谷風投想要對其投資，但 Shafirov 依然表示，對籌集資金不感興趣。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“風投們隔天就會給我寫信，不過我已經不再回復他們了。雖然我覺得這樣挺不禮貌和友善的，”Shafirov 在接受採訪時說，“但我們目前有足夠的資源來實現我們的目標。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“現下，企業創始人似乎普遍認爲能獲得風險投資就是企業成功的先兆。誠然，拿到風險融資確實是那些最成功的科技初創企業的共同特徵，但它絕不是先決條件，尤其是在企業創始的早期階段。”種子輪風投機構 Founder Collective 董事 Joseph Flaherty 表示。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在的 JetBrains 已經實現扭虧爲盈。Shafirov 透露，今年 JetBrains 的息稅折舊攤銷前利潤有望至少增長 10%，達到 2 億美元以上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"被美國情報機構調查"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但現在的 JetBrains 陷入了一場麻煩之中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年 12 月，外媒報道了一次嚴重的黑客入侵事件。據悉，黑客侵入了總部位於德克薩斯州奧斯汀的 SolarWinds 的 IT 管理軟件，包括美國財政部高層使用的電子郵件系統。他們能夠冒充該組織現有的任意用戶和帳號，包括擁有高級別權限的賬戶。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微軟在 1 月 3 日發表的博客文章中稱，目前沒有發現證據證明生產服務或客戶數據被黑客破壞。但調查發現，攻擊者可能入侵了 Microsoft 內部賬戶，並使用其中一個來查看其軟件的源代碼。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本週二，美 FBI、NSA、網絡安全與基礎設施安全局 (CISA) 和國家情報總監辦公室 (ODNI) 正式發表聯合聲明稱，SolarWinds 襲擊行爲可能來自俄羅斯，並認爲，“這是一項情報收集工作，而且將繼續如此。”這是這四家機構首次將網絡攻擊歸咎於俄羅斯。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安全專家警告稱，長達數月的入侵可能造成有史以來對美國網絡的最大破壞，目前大約有超過 250 家美國聯邦機構和企業受到影響。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"創始人來自俄羅斯的敏感身份，加上又是 SolarWinds 服務提供商之一，JetBrains 公司也被捲入了這場黑客襲擊事件。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"美國時間 1 月 5 日，紐約時報報道稱，美國情報機構和私人網絡安全調查人員正在調查 JetBrains 公司是否遭到入侵，併成爲黑客入侵的途徑。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SolarWinds 是俄羅斯用於黑客攻擊的幾個供應鏈的供應商之一，也是本次黑客襲擊的主要渠道。美國國土安全部表示，黑客還有其他渠道。上週，另一家安全公司 CrowdStrike 透露，同樣的黑客試圖將其作爲目標未果，但在通過一家銷售 Microsoft 軟件的公司進行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了大型的科技公司，JetBrains 公司的客戶還包括爲電力和核電站等關鍵基礎設施提供技術的主要供應商西門子 (Siemens)，以及被美國國家安全局警告過的科技公司 VMware。據悉，俄羅斯黑客也在利用 VMware 入侵網絡。作爲衆多大型公司的服務商，JetBrains 公司無疑會被納入調查對象之列。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨後，Shafirov 發佈聲明表示，並不知道自己在接受調查，同時明確表示 JetBrains 並未以任何方式參與攻擊。“SolarWinds 使用的 TeamCity 是一個複雜的產品，需要適當的配置。如果在這個過程中使用了 TeamCity，那很可能是由於配置錯誤，而不是特定的漏洞。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Shafirov 表示，如果政府部門真的在對其進行調查，JetBrains 會充分配合。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"參考鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2020-12-18\/czech-startup-founders-turn-billionaires-without-vc-help","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2020-12-18\/czech-startup-founders-turn-billionaires-without-vc-help"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5}}]}