Garter：新冠疫情改變數字商業，企業需建立業務與IT融合的工作團隊

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"時間進入到2021年，原本已經消退下去的疫情，卻由於氣溫的下降開始流竄，疫情升溫的可能性，彷彿又在開始醞釀。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020年末，Garter發表了名爲《COVID-19 將改變數字商業的十大方向》趨勢預測報告，通過對COVID-19改變客戶購買行爲研究，分析了疫情對於數字化及全球未來商業、企業組織發展等方面的影響。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在近日由 Garter 組織發起的研究報告溝通交流會上，InfoQ記者受邀出席參與交流，就相關問題與報告作者Gartner高級研究總監沈哲怡女生進行了交流。以下內容選取自研究報告，並附有InfQ記者與沈哲怡交流對話的內容，供各界人士參考。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"十大觀點提煉：新冠疫情影響數字商業"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點一："},{"type":"text","text":"儘管收入受到衝擊，但各行業內企業仍在增加對於數字渠道和技術的投資，這將有助於減輕收入影響，留住客戶並調整產品範圍，進而更好的適應大流行後的商業發展。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點二："},{"type":"text","text":"將對未來產生深遠影響的10大變化領域是：非接觸式商務，視覺配置，實時商務，體驗商務，B2B消費化，免稅商務，企業市場，統一商務，模塊化體系結構和可配置商務體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點三："},{"type":"text","text":"企業靈活性和敏捷性的改善，啓用新的業務模型和技術功能將使企業走上更好的恢復道路，並幫助他們適應新的常態。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點四："},{"type":"text","text":"企業需要與業務利益相關者一起確定優先領域，深入考慮疫情對未來商業組織的影響，並確定它們與自身所處環境的相關性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點五："},{"type":"text","text":"企業需要在數字商務團隊中建立業務與IT融合的工作隊伍，以支持自身向更加模塊化架構的方向轉變，確定商務應用與程序產品組合中的需求空白，並且通過商務生態系統中的應用程序來填補這一部分空缺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點六："},{"type":"text","text":"需要儘早建立指標和目標價值，允許組織監控績效和客戶體驗，並調整其行動方針，以確保業務成果。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點七："},{"type":"text","text":"到2023年，有75％的直接向消費者銷售產品的組織將提供訂閱服務，但僅20％的客戶將成功增加客戶保留率。到2024年，大多數組織80％的訂購和補貨將變得毫無意義。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點八："},{"type":"text","text":"到2023年，經營企業市場超過一年的組織的數字收入將至少增長10％。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點九："},{"type":"text","text":"到2024年，30％的數字商務組織將使用打包業務功能來構建其應用程序。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"觀點十："},{"type":"text","text":"到2022年，50％的大型組織將無法統一參與渠道。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"QA部分"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"記者：模塊化的技術是一個發展趨勢，但在此之前很多廠商也提出了類似於微服務這樣的架構理念，在您看來，目前模塊化的可拆解技術處於怎樣的一個發展現狀？未來會發生怎樣的變化？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"沈哲怡"},{"type":"text","text":"：模塊化的發展國外會走得更快一些，之前大家都在講“微服務”，但在我看來，“微服務”完全是在技術的層面，“模塊”的概念其實比“微服務”要大。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"模塊必須要提供對業務有意義的功能，而微服務本身不能完成一個完整的業務功能。比如要去做一個訂單管理系統，你不可能通過微服去務實現，可能需要若干個微服務或者一些其它的技術，才能去組成一個訂單管理系統。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以電商爲例，電商系統的技術發展先後經歷了集中化、前後端分離這樣的發展模式，如今已經發展到了模塊化的階段。模塊化的意思就是在實現前後端分離之後，再把後臺的電商系統進一步做一些模塊化的切割。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"電商系統裏面可能有很多功能，涉及到產品目錄、購物車、促銷折扣價、下單、支付、搜索等方面的管理。在技術實現上，其實可以把剛纔提到的所有功能都做成一個單獨的模塊，甚至是每個模塊都可以用不同廠家的技術去實現。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"inden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。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當然企業本身如果技術實力夠的話，或者有第三方合作伙伴的話，就可以自己去定義模塊，等產品相對成熟之後、再把這種模塊化的產品開放出來提供給行業裏其它的合作伙伴去使用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同時這也就是怎樣從一個傳統的實體企業，慢慢往數字化轉型的過程。"}]}]}