閱讀理解是檢驗學生綜合語言運用能力的一個重要方面，在英語中考中是一道高分值題。因此閱讀理解能否得高分，是英語成績好壞的關鍵。然而，縱觀現在我們的老師和學生，在複習中總認爲要提高閱讀理解能力只要多做多練閱讀理解題就行了，而忽視了相關的閱讀方法及閱讀中的一些解題技巧和注意事項，也忽略了最爲重要的反思和總結這道程序，以至於造成學生在做某些閱讀理解題目的時候感覺摸不到頭腦，成績飄忽不定，閱讀理解也就自然而然成了學生難跨的一道卡。
那麼，針對不同的題目該怎樣做呢？
1、細節題。在閱讀理解題中，大部分題目屬於細節題，旨在考查考生對閱讀材料中某個具體事實或某個具體情節，或某個特定細節是否理解，這些題目有兩個共同特點：（1）凡屬針對特定細節的考題，其正確答案大都可以在閱讀材料中找到對應的文字部分作爲驗證。這一部分可能是一個詞或短語，也可能是一個句子或相關的若干句子，但句式、用詞和表達方式不同。(2)干擾項往往是主體思想與細節混雜，正確答案的細節和非正確答案的細節混雜，甚至真假混雜。例如：
I never wanted a dog, but now I'm so glad I have one....then,(1)about six months after she arrived, I felt that something in my heart was taking place,and I was unable to stop it. My behavior began to change. (2) I began to smile at people when passing them in a street. (3)I returned(招手)from neighbors.(4)I started calling my kids and, to my surprise, they started calling me. (5)I even tried to speak to my grandchildren over the phone once. I even was glad to listen to the laughter from a 10-month-old granddaughter. The point is that I was changing···
60. When did the man's behaviour begin to change?
A. About two years ago.
B. When the dog was nearly two years old.
C. When the dog was 15 years old.
D. About six months after the dog arrived.
答案：D(直接找到原句(1))
61. Which of the following is not mentioned about the man's change?
A.He began to smile at people.
B. He liked helping his neighbours.
C. He started calling his kids.
D. He spoke to his grandchildren over the phone.
答案：B (根據原句(2)、(3)、(4)不難選出B爲正確答案)
2.詞彙句意題。考查內容多爲名詞、動詞、詞組甚至句子。英語中很多單詞和詞組在不同的語言環境中有着不同的內涵。例如…sports bring people together, but they divide them too. Fans of different teams fight all the time—they shout and hit each other. And here's another example: my brother plays high school baseball. Last week, his team played an important game. At the game, two parents fought about a call. Come on... Baseball is only a game! Sports are so competitive(有競爭力的) these days.It's all about winning. Then the game isn't fun.
75. What does the underlined word“call”mean?
A. Decision. B. Telephone. C. Suggestion. D. Seat.
根據上下文，我們首先可以排除B、C，那麼two parents 爲 a seat而爭鬥，顯然也不合乎情理，因此，確定A爲正確選項。指導學生做這類題時，我們可以根據文章上下文、文化背景、作者意圖等線索分析語境，猜出詞義；也可以通過詞綴、合成等構詞法去猜測詞義，如前綴“un-/im/in-”含“否定”之意，後綴“-er”表“從事……的人”等；還可以分析其詞性，利用語法、句法規則推斷該詞是名詞、動詞、形容詞或其他詞類以及在句中起什麼作用，從而猜出詞義。
3.推斷題。推斷性考題旨在考查學生透過表面的文字信息，對某些深層次情節經過分析、綜合、歸納，做出合乎邏輯的推理。這類題的答案通常不在文章中明確表現出來，要求考生在全面理解文章的基礎上，推斷文章的潛在含義，找出結論。如：
According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?
A.You often play football with your friends after school.
B. Your teacher has got a cold.
C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn't been caught.
D. The bike in front of your house is lost.
…secondly,a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don't want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad”news.有這樣一段文字：根據這段文字，我們可以推斷：電視報道的新聞故事是有趣的和不平常的。因此，正確答案應爲C。指導學生做這類題時，學生要善於從文章表面所表達的信息或根據文章提供的事實和線索，進行邏輯推理，切忌脫離短文內容；還要能夠透過文章的字面意思把握作者的真實的思想，推斷出沒有直接表達出來的信息、隱含意義或深層結論。
4.主旨題。即考查考生對文章的主題、標題、中心思想的理解程度及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。主題思想是文章的核心。能否抓住文章的主題思想，是考查考生閱讀能力的重要體現。這類題目一般爲：What's the main idea of this passage?或Which is the best title of this passage?等。要準確地抓住文章的主題思想，就要十分留意文章的主題句。有的文章一開始就亮出主題，全文隨着主題而展開。如：All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物鏈).Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.第一句即是主題句。這個句子概括了本段的中心思想，“地球上所有的生物要生存都離不開其他的生物”。其他事實都是圍繞第一個句子展開的。有的文章則需要學生善於抓在文中具有概括性的信息，從上下文連貫的意思來理解全文，看作者主要談的是什麼，透過文字敘述的過程來歸納主題，再從選擇項中找出最符合表達主題思想的選項。有些干擾項，從局部看也許不算錯，但從全局看卻又片面。這類干擾項與正確答案之差，其實是局部與全局之差。因此學生在做題時不要被局部現象迷惑，而忽略了文章的整體思想。