谷歌將逐步淘汰Android Things

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌最近宣佈將會"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/things\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"逐步淘汰其Android Things IoT平臺"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。2021年1月5日之後將會拒絕接受新項目，Android Things會在2022年對所有項目關閉。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/things\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"簡短的聲明"}]},{"type":"text","text":"只有一句話並且還有一個指向FAQ頁面以獲取詳細信息的鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Android Things控制檯將會在"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2021年1月5日"},{"type":"text","text":"停止支持新項目，並且會在"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2022年1月5日"},{"type":"text","text":"關閉對所有現有項目的支持。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"FAQ頁面的詳細信息如下："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2019年2月，我們宣佈了一項針對設備製造商的關於Android Things平臺商業使用的更新。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"根據這些更新，我們將關閉Android Things的非商業用途"},{"type":"text","text":"。從2021年1月5日開始，控制檯將不再允許使用NXP i.MX7D和Raspberry Pi 3B創建新項目。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Android Things已經用到了智能顯示器和智能音響中，包括"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.lenovo.com\/us\/en\/smart-display\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"聯想的Smart Display"}]},{"type":"text","text":"、"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.jbl.com\/voice-activated-speaker\/JBLLINKVIEWBLKAM.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"三星的JBL"}]},{"type":"text","text":"以及"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=W9eZ28Ocaho&feature=emb_logo","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"LG WK9智能顯示器"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有多個原因可以闡述Android Things爲何會落到如此境地。儘管谷歌推動Android Things作爲智能顯示器的平臺，但是谷歌並沒有在自己的硬件上使用它。谷歌自己的智能顯示器使用的是改良版的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/cast","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Google Cast平臺"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有些人認爲Android Things的硬件需求比較苛刻。Android Things支持三款電路板：Intel Edison、NXP Pico i.MX6UL和Raspberry Pi 3。它需要至少512MB的RAM，大多數電路板至少配置了1GB的RAM。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/twitter.com\/garyexplains","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Gary Sims"}]},{"type":"text","text":"在他的文章中[這樣說到](https:\/\/www.androidauthority.com\/what-is-android-things-gary-explains-740572\/#%3a~%3atext=Android Things supports three boards%3a the Intel Edison,,and that both 32-bits and 64-bits are supported.)："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Android使用Linux kernel作爲其核心，Linux是一個支持虛擬內存的、完整的多任務操作系統。這意味着，Android Things需要支持虛擬內存的處理器，換句話說，也就是具有完整MMU的處理器。[…]我提及這一點的原因在於，很多IoT產品使用微控制器，因此具有更少的內存、更小的閃存、耗電更少並且操作系統也不那麼複雜。選擇使用Android和Linux，谷歌瞄準的是IoT市場的一個細分市場，並且自動地將自己排除在其他細分市場之外。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更多太具體的設備規範會對IoT產品的經濟產生負面影響。Moddable IoT平臺允許開發者"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/news\/2018\/11\/moddable-iot-javascript-engine\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在設備上運行JavaScript引擎"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，這些設備的成本在1美元左右，並且RAM只有32KB。Moddable的聯合創始人Peter Hoddie在InfoQ的採訪中，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/articles\/iot-javascript-microcontrollers-Moddable-tc53\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"闡述了在價格低廉的設備上運行嵌入式軟件的好處"}]},{"type":"text","text":"："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們專注於低端控制器就是專注產品用戶的範例。我們希望在每個設備上都能看到優秀的軟件，也就是安全、可靠、易用的軟件。如果產品需要上百美元的設備才能運行這些軟件的話，那麼這就是不成立的。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"text":"Raspberry Pi IoT In C"},{"type":"text","text":"一書的作者Harry Fairhead"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.i-programmer.info\/news\/91-hardware\/12535-android-things-is-now-less-of-a-thing.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提到了性能方面的問題"}]},{"type":"text","text":"："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Things團隊很大問題在於將安全性解釋爲用戶空間的軟件不應該直接訪問GPIO行和內存。這實際上會讓Things變得非常慢，甚至直接閃爍幾個LED都是很艱鉅的挑戰。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Android Things是谷歌推出的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/killedbygoogle.com\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現已廢棄的"}]},{"type":"text","text":"基於Android的操作系統平臺，在2015年的Google I\/O會議上宣佈，並在2018年發佈。在2019年，Android Things"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Android_Things#cite_ref-:1_4-0","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"放棄了對低能耗硬件"}]},{"type":"text","text":"的支持，重新專注於智能手機類的設備。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/news\/2020\/12\/google-terminates-android-things\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Google Phases Out Android Things"}]}]}]}