{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Web開發趨勢每年都會發生變化，不斷爲企業家和web開發人員指明新的方向。對於谷歌、亞馬遜和福布斯等大型企業，實現漸進式Web應用（Progressive web apps，PWA）、人工智能和物聯網已是常態。各企業爲保持與巨頭們處於同一水平線，就必須研判產業的發展趨勢，瞭解技術變化對Web開發所帶來的衝擊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"無論讀者所在的企業面向的是電子商務、數字化市場還是技術創新領域，都應該對2021的重要Web開發趨勢瞭然於胸。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1 PWA"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"漸進式Web應用具有多項頗具衝擊力的優勢。PWA支持離線操作、推送通知，在帶來類似原生App的用戶體驗的同時更爲輕量級、下載更快。相比原生應用，PWA開發過程也更爲平滑。PWA開發人員只需關注同一代碼庫，App一旦實現就能上傳到服務器，無需通過應用商店購買許可。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"大多數優秀企業已使用PWA，爲客戶提供良好的響應性能，其中包括Pinterest、福布斯、星巴克和華盛頓郵報等。有報道稱這些企業的廣告收入提升了44%，用戶在PWA的停留時間相比移動網站增加了40%。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2 人工智能"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"人工智能通過處理海量客戶數據，支持更高層級的個性化，只向用戶展示他們確實感興趣的相關信息。人工智能平臺使用客戶過往的網購情況、搜索歷史、分類目錄頁面、網站訪問次數等訪問信息，通過收集個體客戶越來越多的數據，進而支持智能技術更準確地給出相關性更好的推薦。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"通過統計分析和認知分析，網站具備了處理任何規模信息的能力，可發現客戶的需求，並採用適當的方式爲用戶提供他們感興趣的內容。人工智能通過聊天機器人、ADI技術和基於聲音的交互等技術，重定義了Web開發。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3 物聯網"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"對物聯網最貼切的定義，可描述爲通過互聯網實現日常用品中計算設備的互聯。據估計到2025年，在全世界範圍將會存在"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/internet-of-things-report?IR=T","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"640億臺物聯網設備"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，而截止2018年物聯網設備僅有100億臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"物聯網處理採集來自傳感器的海量數據，通過雲網絡的處理和轉換消除了系統延遲。物聯網技術可確保所有數據連接進程的安全性，準確給出結果，構建動態、交互的UI體驗。物聯網已經集成到Web開發中，一些重要實現包括智能手錶、個人助理、集成在網站中的聊天機器人、具有小屏幕的計算設備，以及移動平臺的預測支持。物聯網的重要性與日俱增。物聯網技術可以幫助交付很多直觀的Web內容，這也將是企業家在2021年中需持續面對的需求。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4 聊天機器人"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"過去數年中，我們看到集成在網站中的聊天機器人得到了極大增長。據預測在下一年中，對自動化的交談解決方案的需求將持續增長。聊天機器人集成了機器學習算法，無需任何人工參與就能響應用戶提出的請求。聊天機器人本身就可對一些常見查詢提供智能化解決方案，如有必要可將問題向上轉交解決問題人員。這一技術可替代部分客服專員，節省大量業務成本，並加速問題的解決過程。一個很好的例子就是MedWhat，它組合了智能NLP系統和機器學習技術，以確保用戶得到快速而準確體驗。這種機器人旨在加快醫療診斷過程，使過程對患者和醫療人員更透明，防止患者在醫療網站上誤診危及生命的疾病。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"5 語音搜索優化"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"語音搜索技術日漸獲得廣泛的關注。據"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TechCrunch"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"報道，已有6千6百萬美國人擁有智能音箱。用戶只需說話就能在屏幕上獲得搜索結果，無需耗時去操作按鈕或手工輸入。這項技術使搜索引擎更快、更便利並提供更準確的結果，實現了用戶體驗的提升。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.theedigital.com\/blog\/voice-search-impacts-digital-marketing","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌每日35億次搜索中，有近三分之一是語音搜索"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。不僅用戶可受益於該項技術。據此優化的企業網站會優先出現在Alexa和Siri的用戶語音搜索結果列表中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"根據谷歌發佈的搜索改進算法“Florida”，集成語音技術的網站在預測排序中將高於未使用語音技術的。因此在考慮2021年Web開發中，企業家當然需要注意語音搜索這一趨勢。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"6 單頁應用（Single-page Applications，SPA）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"SPA已經應用於多家世界知名企業，例如Uber、Facebook和谷歌。SPA是工作於瀏覽器中的應用，在使用中不需要重新加載頁面。SPA的一個主要優點是爲用戶提供最大化的天然UX環境。不同於傳統的Web應用，SPA在首次請求時一次性加載頁面，因此無需等待頁面重加載。基本內容發生變化，始終保持當前頁面。SPA爲用戶提供簡單且無中斷的頁面滾動，支持所有本地數據的有效緩存，因而在互聯網連接質量不好時尤爲便利。一旦網絡連接恢復，數據與服務器就會同步。廣受好評的SPA框架包括React.js、Angular.js、Vue.js、Meteor,和Backbone.js等。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"7 單頁網站（Single-page Websites）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"單頁網站只維護單一頁面，不額外考慮提供“服務”或“關於”等頁面。初始頁面將完全加載內容，通過聯接導航支持用戶查看檢查不同信息。單頁網站整潔、全面，爲用戶提供直觀體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"相比多頁站點，單頁網站將重要信息聚合到結構良好的單一頁面，更易於集中訪問者的注意力，控制使用信息的順序。此外，設計和開發單頁網站更快速，成本更低，易於針對移動端做出優化。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"8 加速移動頁面（Accelerated Mobile Pages，AMP）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"AMP是一個由Twitter和谷歌牽頭設計的項目，旨在開發高性能移動端頁面。該開源軟件庫使用稱爲“diet”的HTML創建Web站點、頁面和App，實現超輕量級和快速的加載。AMP對電子商務網站非常有用，因此相比非AMP頁面可增加商品銷量，因爲很多用戶無法忍受等待的時間。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/neilpatel.com\/blog\/loading-time\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有研究"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"顯示，Web頁面即便是延遲一秒，也會導致轉化率降低7%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"率先轉向AMP的還包括紐約時報、衛報、華盛頓郵報等新聞類Web站點，因爲各家已認識到AMP有助於增大移動端新聞滾動播報的可見性。更進一步，在移動搜索引擎結果中，採用AMP的新聞站點還具備新聞滾動發佈的優勢。如果它們在特定主題下有一系列文章，就都可以滾動發佈出來。除了新聞網站外，AMP也被證明是領先用戶站點和電子商務網站的成功標準，它們都可通過AMP提高搜索引擎排名並改進站點性能。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"9 API先行（API-first）方法"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"API是支持不同軟件相互交互的中間接口。API可視爲將顧客點餐傳送給廚房進而按點餐上菜的服務員。類比於此，API實現將用戶請求傳遞給系統並向用戶返回響應的無縫鏈接。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"API先行設計對Web開發提供了一系列的優勢。它支持項目間重用代碼，降低了開發成本；它無需重新設計API架構以添加新特性，提供高層級穩定性，因此加快了應用上市速度。簡而言之，API使得初創企業有機會受益於無法付出大規模預算去開發的技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"以Twitter和Google Map爲例。Web站點可以使用兩家所提供的API相應地顯示相應的推文和地圖，實現雙贏。Twitter在用戶點擊推文時獲得了更多的重定向瀏覽，從Google Map購買API的Web站點可節省大量的時間和財力實現地圖繪製，並添加自身的導航功能。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"10 動態界面（Motion UI）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"要開發吸引用戶的Web頁面，使用動畫、變換和圖像是非常有用的。動態UI是前端最新技術之一，實現動態的Web接口。軟件庫中具有大量的引人入勝的動態效果，支持開發人員調用並創建新動畫。該技術能很好地增加用戶的參與度，改進用戶體驗，延長用戶在站點上的停留時間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"例如，谷歌翻譯團隊針對最小化中立詞彙和短語的性別偏差而設計了簡單的動畫，使得用戶關注點在某一時刻僅針對部分信息，即用戶在輸入時保持文本框的壓縮顯示。一旦用戶結束輸入，文本框就會自動擴展，顯示男性的翻譯和女性的翻譯。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"總結"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"企業家當前應該認識到，技術已重定義了我們曾熟知的Web開發。在2020年新冠疫情的背景下，大多數企業已經學會使用最新Web開發趨勢提供的優點實現遠程運作。我們希望在2021年看到，快速發展和積極變化的趨勢不僅觸及各個技術領域，而且還會觸及人們生活的方方面面。如果企業依然尚未建立Web站點、頁面或App開發，或是希望實現新的技術趨勢，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/inveritasoft.com\/contact","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"歡迎聯繫inVerita"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本文最早於2020年11月17日發佈在"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/inveritasoft.com\/blog\/10-web-development-trends-every-cto-should-expect-in-2021","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"inveritasoft.com"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/medium.com\/swlh\/10-web-development-trends-every-cto-should-expect-in-2021-ddcb460d4b84","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"10 Web Development Trends Every CTO Should Expect in 2021"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}
2021年值得CTO期待的十大Web開發趨勢
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Web開發趨勢每年都會發生變化，不斷爲企業家和web開發人員指明新的方向。對於谷歌、亞馬遜和福布斯等大型企業，實現漸進式Web應用（Progressive web apps，PWA）、人工智能和物聯網已是常態。各企業爲保持與巨頭們處於同一水平線，就必須研判產業的發展趨勢，瞭解技術變化對Web開發所帶來的衝擊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"無論讀者所在的企業面向的是電子商務、數字化市場還是技術創新領域，都應該對2021的重要Web開發趨勢瞭然於胸。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1 PWA"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"漸進式Web應用具有多項頗具衝擊力的優勢。PWA支持離線操作、推送通知，在帶來類似原生App的用戶體驗的同時更爲輕量級、下載更快。相比原生應用，PWA開發過程也更爲平滑。PWA開發人員只需關注同一代碼庫，App一旦實現就能上傳到服務器，無需通過應用商店購買許可。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"大多數優秀企業已使用PWA，爲客戶提供良好的響應性能，其中包括Pinterest、福布斯、星巴克和華盛頓郵報等。有報道稱這些企業的廣告收入提升了44%，用戶在PWA的停留時間相比移動網站增加了40%。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2 人工智能"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"人工智能通過處理海量客戶數據，支持更高層級的個性化，只向用戶展示他們確實感興趣的相關信息。人工智能平臺使用客戶過往的網購情況、搜索歷史、分類目錄頁面、網站訪問次數等訪問信息，通過收集個體客戶越來越多的數據，進而支持智能技術更準確地給出相關性更好的推薦。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"通過統計分析和認知分析，網站具備了處理任何規模信息的能力，可發現客戶的需求，並採用適當的方式爲用戶提供他們感興趣的內容。人工智能通過聊天機器人、ADI技術和基於聲音的交互等技術，重定義了Web開發。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3 物聯網"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"對物聯網最貼切的定義，可描述爲通過互聯網實現日常用品中計算設備的互聯。據估計到2025年，在全世界範圍將會存在"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/internet-of-things-report?IR=T","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"640億臺物聯網設備"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，而截止2018年物聯網設備僅有100億臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"物聯網處理採集來自傳感器的海量數據，通過雲網絡的處理和轉換消除了系統延遲。物聯網技術可確保所有數據連接進程的安全性，準確給出結果，構建動態、交互的UI體驗。物聯網已經集成到Web開發中，一些重要實現包括智能手錶、個人助理、集成在網站中的聊天機器人、具有小屏幕的計算設備，以及移動平臺的預測支持。物聯網的重要性與日俱增。物聯網技術可以幫助交付很多直觀的Web內容，這也將是企業家在2021年中需持續面對的需求。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4 聊天機器人"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"過去數年中，我們看到集成在網站中的聊天機器人得到了極大增長。據預測在下一年中，對自動化的交談解決方案的需求將持續增長。聊天機器人集成了機器學習算法，無需任何人工參與就能響應用戶提出的請求。聊天機器人本身就可對一些常見查詢提供智能化解決方案，如有必要可將問題向上轉交解決問題人員。這一技術可替代部分客服專員，節省大量業務成本，並加速問題的解決過程。一個很好的例子就是MedWhat，它組合了智能NLP系統和機器學習技術，以確保用戶得到快速而準確體驗。這種機器人旨在加快醫療診斷過程，使過程對患者和醫療人員更透明，防止患者在醫療網站上誤診危及生命的疾病。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"5 語音搜索優化"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"語音搜索技術日漸獲得廣泛的關注。據"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TechCrunch"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"報道，已有6千6百萬美國人擁有智能音箱。用戶只需說話就能在屏幕上獲得搜索結果，無需耗時去操作按鈕或手工輸入。這項技術使搜索引擎更快、更便利並提供更準確的結果，實現了用戶體驗的提升。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.theedigital.com\/blog\/voice-search-impacts-digital-marketing","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌每日35億次搜索中，有近三分之一是語音搜索"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。不僅用戶可受益於該項技術。據此優化的企業網站會優先出現在Alexa和Siri的用戶語音搜索結果列表中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"根據谷歌發佈的搜索改進算法“Florida”，集成語音技術的網站在預測排序中將高於未使用語音技術的。因此在考慮2021年Web開發中，企業家當然需要注意語音搜索這一趨勢。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"6 單頁應用（Single-page Applications，SPA）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"SPA已經應用於多家世界知名企業，例如Uber、Facebook和谷歌。SPA是工作於瀏覽器中的應用，在使用中不需要重新加載頁面。SPA的一個主要優點是爲用戶提供最大化的天然UX環境。不同於傳統的Web應用，SPA在首次請求時一次性加載頁面，因此無需等待頁面重加載。基本內容發生變化，始終保持當前頁面。SPA爲用戶提供簡單且無中斷的頁面滾動，支持所有本地數據的有效緩存，因而在互聯網連接質量不好時尤爲便利。一旦網絡連接恢復，數據與服務器就會同步。廣受好評的SPA框架包括React.js、Angular.js、Vue.js、Meteor,和Backbone.js等。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"7 單頁網站（Single-page Websites）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"單頁網站只維護單一頁面，不額外考慮提供“服務”或“關於”等頁面。初始頁面將完全加載內容，通過聯接導航支持用戶查看檢查不同信息。單頁網站整潔、全面，爲用戶提供直觀體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"相比多頁站點，單頁網站將重要信息聚合到結構良好的單一頁面，更易於集中訪問者的注意力，控制使用信息的順序。此外，設計和開發單頁網站更快速，成本更低，易於針對移動端做出優化。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"8 加速移動頁面（Accelerated Mobile Pages，AMP）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"AMP是一個由Twitter和谷歌牽頭設計的項目，旨在開發高性能移動端頁面。該開源軟件庫使用稱爲“diet”的HTML創建Web站點、頁面和App，實現超輕量級和快速的加載。AMP對電子商務網站非常有用，因此相比非AMP頁面可增加商品銷量，因爲很多用戶無法忍受等待的時間。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/neilpatel.com\/blog\/loading-time\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有研究"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"顯示，Web頁面即便是延遲一秒，也會導致轉化率降低7%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"率先轉向AMP的還包括紐約時報、衛報、華盛頓郵報等新聞類Web站點，因爲各家已認識到AMP有助於增大移動端新聞滾動播報的可見性。更進一步，在移動搜索引擎結果中，採用AMP的新聞站點還具備新聞滾動發佈的優勢。如果它們在特定主題下有一系列文章，就都可以滾動發佈出來。除了新聞網站外，AMP也被證明是領先用戶站點和電子商務網站的成功標準，它們都可通過AMP提高搜索引擎排名並改進站點性能。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"9 API先行（API-first）方法"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"API是支持不同軟件相互交互的中間接口。API可視爲將顧客點餐傳送給廚房進而按點餐上菜的服務員。類比於此，API實現將用戶請求傳遞給系統並向用戶返回響應的無縫鏈接。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"API先行設計對Web開發提供了一系列的優勢。它支持項目間重用代碼，降低了開發成本；它無需重新設計API架構以添加新特性，提供高層級穩定性，因此加快了應用上市速度。簡而言之，API使得初創企業有機會受益於無法付出大規模預算去開發的技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"以Twitter和Google Map爲例。Web站點可以使用兩家所提供的API相應地顯示相應的推文和地圖，實現雙贏。Twitter在用戶點擊推文時獲得了更多的重定向瀏覽，從Google Map購買API的Web站點可節省大量的時間和財力實現地圖繪製，並添加自身的導航功能。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"10 動態界面（Motion UI）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"要開發吸引用戶的Web頁面，使用動畫、變換和圖像是非常有用的。動態UI是前端最新技術之一，實現動態的Web接口。軟件庫中具有大量的引人入勝的動態效果，支持開發人員調用並創建新動畫。該技術能很好地增加用戶的參與度，改進用戶體驗，延長用戶在站點上的停留時間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"例如，谷歌翻譯團隊針對最小化中立詞彙和短語的性別偏差而設計了簡單的動畫，使得用戶關注點在某一時刻僅針對部分信息，即用戶在輸入時保持文本框的壓縮顯示。一旦用戶結束輸入，文本框就會自動擴展，顯示男性的翻譯和女性的翻譯。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"總結"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"企業家當前應該認識到，技術已重定義了我們曾熟知的Web開發。在2020年新冠疫情的背景下，大多數企業已經學會使用最新Web開發趨勢提供的優點實現遠程運作。我們希望在2021年看到，快速發展和積極變化的趨勢不僅觸及各個技術領域，而且還會觸及人們生活的方方面面。如果企業依然尚未建立Web站點、頁面或App開發，或是希望實現新的技術趨勢，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/inveritasoft.com\/contact","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"歡迎聯繫inVerita"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本文最早於2020年11月17日發佈在"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/inveritasoft.com\/blog\/10-web-development-trends-every-cto-should-expect-in-2021","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"inveritasoft.com"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/medium.com\/swlh\/10-web-development-trends-every-cto-should-expect-in-2021-ddcb460d4b84","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"10 Web Development Trends Every CTO Should Expect in 2021"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論，想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章