英特爾急了：沒落的芯片之王迫切需要一位技術型CEO

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這家正在走下神壇的芯片王者可能比以往任何時候都更需要一位技術型領導者。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英特爾CEO換帥：首任CTO迴歸"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英特爾換帥了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"北京時間1月13日，英特爾宣佈，公司董事會已任命帕特·基辛格（Pat Gelsinger）爲新一任首席執行官，該任命自2021年2月15日起生效。而他所接替的現任首席執行官鮑勃·斯旺（Bob Swan）將履職到2月15日。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/1a\/1a782bd521d55b4ab30d0ba63045c0ba.webp","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"帕特·基辛格（Pat Gelsinger）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年12月，有傳聞稱，英特爾正在尋找新的首席執行官。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2018年6月，英特爾前CEO Brian Krzanich辭職後。斯旺臨時擔任了CEO職位，2019年1月，斯旺正式被任命爲英特爾CEO。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"斯旺僅在任2年多就離職，這意味着他將成爲英特爾史上任期最短的CEO。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在官宣聲明中，英特爾董事會獨立董事長Omar Ishrak 肯定了斯旺在任期間的貢獻，“在他的領導下，英特爾在轉型爲一家多架構XPU公司的戰略上取得了重大進展”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"斯旺表示：“過去兩年中，我的目標一直是讓英特爾進入一個全新的分佈式智能時代，提高執行力，加強核心的CPU業務，並擴大業務範圍加速增長。隨着這些優先事項取得重大進展，我們現在來到向英特爾下一任領導人過渡的恰當時刻。我完全支持董事會選擇帕特，並深信在他及管理團隊其他成員的帶領下，英特爾作爲世界上最具影響力的科技公司之一，將繼續引領市場。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"帕特·基辛格自2012年起擔任 VMware威睿公司 CEO，並帶領其轉型爲雲基礎設施、企業移動和網絡安全領域的領先者，使公司的年營收幾乎翻了三倍。在加入VMware威睿之前，基辛格擔任EMC易安信總裁兼信息基礎架構產品首席運營官。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在加入EMC易安信之前，基辛格在英特爾工作了30年，是英特爾首任首席技術官，並推動了USB和Wi-Fi等關鍵行業技術的開發。他是80486處理器原型的架構師，領導了14種不同微處理器的開發項目，並在酷睿和至強產品系列的成功中扮演了關鍵角色。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在致英特爾員工的一封信中，帕特·基辛格表示，對於重返英特爾擔任CEO，他內心激動，並心懷謙卑。他表示，在英特爾推動創新的關鍵時期迴歸是其職業生涯中最大的榮耀。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以下爲公開信全文："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"重返英特爾擔任首席執行官，我十分激動同時心懷謙卑。我18歲加入英特爾時，剛從林肯技術學院畢業。服務英特爾的30年間，我非常榮幸受教於格魯夫、諾伊斯和摩爾門下。英特爾支持我在聖克拉拉大學和斯坦福大學繼續深造。公司還讓我有機會能在芯片創新的最前沿，與業界最優秀、最聰明的人才一起工作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在英特爾的經歷塑造了我的整個職業生涯，對這家公司我永遠心懷感激。在這樣一個推動創新的關鍵時期，一切都在加速數字化，我能以首席執行官的身份回到英特爾這個“大家庭”，這將是我職業生涯中最大的榮耀。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於英特爾豐富的歷史和所創造的強大技術，我心懷崇高的敬意，這些技術奠定了、並將繼續塑造世界上的數字基礎設施。我們擁有非凡的人才隊伍和令人矚目的技術專長，爲業界所欽羨。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我期待着與你們所有人一起，繼續塑造科技的未來。英特爾有着深厚的歷史，同時從一家CPU公司到一家多架構XPU公司的轉型也非常令人興奮；作爲世界領先的半導體制造商，我們的機遇前所未有。我將於近期分享更多我對英特爾願景、戰略的思考，與此同時，我深知我們要繼續加快創新步伐、夯實核心業務，爲股東、客戶和員工創造價值。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我要感謝斯旺在英特爾轉型的關鍵時期發揮的領導作用和爲英特爾做出的重大貢獻。我歡迎他繼續提供諮詢和指導意見，爲了我們的客戶和大家，我們將盡可能確保無縫銜接。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"相信大家會有很多關於下一步的問題，我期待着聽到它們，即便我不會在第一天就能給出全部答案。和大家一起開啓這段旅程，我已迫不及待！"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英特爾急了"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這一重大人事變動凸顯了英特爾的焦慮。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據《華爾街日報》報道，斯旺的離職源於對沖基金Third Point LLC的壓力。該基金一直在推動該公司進行全面改革。此前，Third Point 曾多次批評英特爾正在失去製造業領導地位，並敦促其放棄失敗的收購和探索戰略替代方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"斯旺在任期間的工作，面臨着不少質疑和批評。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一個關鍵的爭議焦點在於，斯旺是金融背景出身，並非技術背景出身。在加入英特爾之前，他曾在eBay擔任首席財務官，並曾在風險投資公司General Atlantic工作。而帕特·基辛格則是一名“老將”，在英特爾擔任工程師和CTO等技術崗位長達30年，他對芯片設計有敏銳的見解和洞察。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Tirias Research首席分析師Kevin Krewell 認爲，斯旺在過去一年多來在執行方面的問題引發了人們對英特爾作爲市場領導者地位的質疑，斯旺管理下的領導層也存在很多疑問。儘管，斯旺是一位非常有能力的CEO，但人們更希望一位擁有具有技術背景和擁有豐富技術經驗人來執掌這家技術企業。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"斯旺任期內，英特爾遭受了來自競爭對手的巨大打擊。Gartner副總裁Alan Priestley表示，在解決製造難題的同時，英特爾在覈心業務領域也面臨着比以往任何時候都更大的競爭。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英特爾目前面臨的最大挑戰之一是，該公司在生產最先進的微處理器方面落後於競爭對手。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近年來英特爾一直在努力從14納米芯片過渡到10納米芯片。此前，在前任首席執行官Brian Krzanich 領導下，英特爾沒有按時實現其10nm工藝。在過去的一年左右的時間裏，英特爾的7納米制程也有所延遲。而競爭對手臺積電、三星等公司正在加緊研發更小、功能更強大的處理器。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在芯片設計領域，英特爾一直與強敵AMD對戰膠着，並在芯片製造方面與臺積電和三星競爭。在緩慢“擠牙膏”研發的態勢下，近年來，英特爾的市場份額在被競爭對手蠶食，其正在失去過去幾十年來在上述領域所積累起來的競爭優勢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AMD的Zen處理器爲臺式機和筆記本電腦的玩家和專業人士提供了具有競爭力的性能。AMD 在主要的PC和數據中心市場中搶佔了市場份額。市場研究顯示，壓力之下，英特爾設法保持住了x86處理器市場約78％的份額。而競爭對手AMD已經取得了三年的增長，其市場份額翻了一番，達到22％，銷售額增長了數十億美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有業內人士分析，如果英特爾和AMD都按計劃完美地進行了路線規劃，英特爾要等到2024年末或2025年初才能趕上AMD。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年，蘋果宣佈將把Mac系列產品從英特爾的處理器轉而使用自己的專有芯片，從而打破了與英特爾長達15年的芯片供應合作伙伴關係，這給英特爾的PC業務造成了沉重打擊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2019年4月，英特爾宣佈退出5G手機調制解調器市場，隨後其將其大部分智能手機調制解調器業務以10億美元的價格賣給了蘋果。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"種種跡象表明，英特爾的芯片王者地位正在走下神壇。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在“內憂外患”的情形下，英特爾迫切需要一位技術型領導者來領導這家公司重塑昔日的輝煌。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"新CEO的到來對於英特爾的意義非凡。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在聲明信中，英特爾董事會強調，現在是英特爾轉型的關鍵時期，正是充分發揮帕特在技術和工程方面專長，進行公司領導變動的合適時機。接下來，帕特將繼續推動英特爾從CPU向多架構XPU的公司轉型，確保強有力地執行英特爾戰略，以鞏固其產品領先性，抓住未來重大發展機遇。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何解決當下面臨的芯片製造問題，以及外部競爭問題，並重新奪回英特爾失去的技術領先地位，是擺在帕特前面的新難題與使命。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不過事情似乎已經有了一個好的開始，這位深諳芯片製造的技術型CEO的迴歸已經給了公司內部的工程師們和外界傳遞出了“復甦”的信號。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據悉，帕特被任命的消息傳出後，英特爾股價上漲了約10%，競爭對手AMD 的股價下降了3％。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"帕特正在將技術DNA帶回公司。但他能否帶領英特爾迴歸到正確的軌道，以及帶其重回芯片霸主之位，仍需要歷經時間的考驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"參考文章："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/2021\/01\/13\/pat-gelsinger-will-take-over-as-new-intel-ceo-on-february-15\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/2021\/01\/13\/pat-gelsinger-will-take-over-as-new-intel-ceo-on-february-15\/"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2021\/01\/13\/investing\/intel-new-ceo-pat-gelsinger\/index.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2021\/01\/13\/investing\/intel-new-ceo-pat-gelsinger\/index.html"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/V1Tp2lOc-I4gVt3Gao65VA"}]}]}