轉載來源：https://www.cnblogs.com/masonmei/p/11526979.html
帖內容來自網絡+自己稍作整理，已找不到原貼，侵刪
個人比較習慣用NPOI操作excel，方便易理解。在宇宙第一IDE（笑）——VS2017中插入NPOI就很方便：
首先安裝NPOI：
然後在.cs文件中加入如下引用：
using NPOI.SS.UserModel; using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
XSSF是用於.xlsx（2007以後版本）
HSSF是用於.xls（2007以前版本）
同時我的代碼中要用到Datatable，用於存儲表格數據
讀寫文件需要IO
using System.Data; using System.IO
接下來是讀寫excel的代碼：
首先從excel中讀入數據存入datatable並返回：
/// <summary>
/// Excel導入成DataTble
/// </summary>
/// <param name="file">導入路徑(包含文件名與擴展名)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataTable ExcelToTable(string file)
{
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
IWorkbook workbook;
string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
if (fileExt == ".xlsx") { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs); } else if (fileExt == ".xls") { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); } else { workbook = null; }
if (workbook == null) { return null; }
ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
//表頭
IRow header = sheet.GetRow(sheet.FirstRowNum);
List<int> columns = new List<int>();
for (int i = 0; i < header.LastCellNum; i++)
{
object obj = GetValueType(header.GetCell(i));
if (obj == null || obj.ToString() == string.Empty)
{
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Columns" + i.ToString()));
}
else
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(obj.ToString()));
columns.Add(i);
}
//數據
for (int i = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1; i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
bool hasValue = false;
foreach (int j in columns)
{
dr[j] = GetValueType(sheet.GetRow(i).GetCell(j));
if (dr[j] != null && dr[j].ToString() != string.Empty)
{
hasValue = true;
}
}
if (hasValue)
{
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
}
}
return dt;
}
同時支持.xlsx和.xls
上面代碼用到了GetValueType函數：
/// <summary>
/// 獲取單元格類型
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cell">目標單元格</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static object GetValueType(ICell cell)
{
if (cell == null)
return null;
switch (cell.CellType)
{
case CellType.Blank:
return null;
case CellType.Boolean:
return cell.BooleanCellValue;
case CellType.Numeric:
return cell.NumericCellValue;
case CellType.String:
return cell.StringCellValue;
case CellType.Error:
return cell.ErrorCellValue;
case CellType.Formula:
default:
return "=" + cell.CellFormula;
}
}
最後是datatable寫入excel（僅適用於.xlsx）文件：
/// <summary>
/// Datable導出成Excel(xlsx)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt"></param>
/// <param name="file">導出路徑(包括文件名與擴展名)</param>
public static void TableToExcel(DataTable dt, string file)
{
IWorkbook workbook;
string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();if (workbook == null) { return; }
ISheet sheet = string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.TableName) ? workbook.CreateSheet("sheet0") : workbook.CreateSheet(dt.TableName);
//表頭
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
ICell cell = row.CreateCell(i);
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
}
//數據
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
IRow row1 = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1);
for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
{
ICell cell = row1.CreateCell(j);
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
}
}
//轉爲字節數組
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
workbook.Write(stream);
var buf = stream.ToArray();
//保存爲Excel文件
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write))
{
fs.Write(buf, 0, buf.Length);
fs.Flush();
}
}
其中:
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write))
這一行，FileMode.open會在已有的文件中加入你所create的sheet，適用FileMode.create會創新新文件，幾遍已有文件，也會刪掉該文件。
這是寫入.xls文件的代碼
/// <summary>
/// 將datatable寫入到excel(xls)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt">datatable</param>
/// <param name="filepath">寫入的文件路徑</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool DataTableToExcel(DataTable dt, string filepath)
{
bool result = false;
IWorkbook workbook = null;
FileStream fs = null;
IRow row = null;
ISheet sheet = null;
ICell cell = null;
try
{
if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count > 0)
{
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
sheet = workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet0");//創建一個名稱爲Sheet0的表
int rowCount = dt.Rows.Count;//行數
int columnCount = dt.Columns.Count;//列數
int cellnum;
//設置列頭
row = sheet.CreateRow(0);//excel第一行設爲列頭
for (int c = 0; c < columnCount; c++)
{
cell = row.CreateCell(c);
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[c].ColumnName);
}
//設置每行每列的單元格,
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
{
row = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1);
for (int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++)
{
cell = row.CreateCell(j);//excel第二行開始寫入數據
//cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
//保存單元格格式爲數字
if (j < 2)
{
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
}
else
{
//cell.SetCellValue(int.Parse(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString()));
if (dt.Rows[i][j] is DBNull)
{
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
}
else
{
cellnum = Convert.ToInt32(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
cell.SetCellValue(cellnum);
}
}
}
}
if (System.IO.File.Exists(filepath))
{
if (MessageBox.Show("該文件已存在！確定覆蓋嗎？", "WARNING", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel) == DialogResult.OK)
{
File.Delete(filepath);
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
using (fs = File.OpenWrite(filepath))
{
workbook.Write(fs);//向打開的這個xls文件中寫入數據
result = true;
}
}
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
if (fs != null)
{
fs.Close();
}
return false;
}
}
最後，雖然不常用，但是關鍵時刻很有用的，寫入文件時設置每個單元格數據類型的代碼：
/// <summary>
/// 設置單元格數據類型
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cell">目標單元格</param>
/// <param name="obj">數據值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static void SetCellValue(ICell cell, object obj)
{
if (obj.GetType() == typeof(int))
{
cell.SetCellValue((int)obj);
}
else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(double))
{
cell.SetCellValue((double)obj);
}
else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(IRichTextString))
{
cell.SetCellValue((IRichTextString)obj);
}
else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(string))
{
cell.SetCellValue(obj.ToString());
}
else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(DateTime))
{
cell.SetCellValue((DateTime)obj);
}
else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(bool))
{
cell.SetCellValue((bool)obj);
}
else
{
cell.SetCellValue(obj.ToString());
}
}