Elasticsearch被迫修改開源協議，CEO：全賴AWS！

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲廠商“吸血”，我們不 OK！"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1 月 20 日，Elastic 公司 CEO Shay Banon 在公司官網發文表示，他們決定將 Elasticsearch 和 Kibana 的開源協議由 Apache 2.0 變更爲 SSPL 與 Elastic License，這是因爲被 AWS 的所作所爲逼於無奈作出的選擇。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/e3\/e393f2f70731b725297bb6e332890440.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Shay Banon 在文中強烈表達了自己的不滿，措辭激烈："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“亞馬遜於 2015 年基於 Elasticsearch 推出自己的服務，還將其稱爲 Amazon Elasticsearch Service，這是很明顯的商標侵權行爲。NOT OK。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我在 2011 年借了一筆個人貸款來註冊 Elasticsearch 商標… 看到商標如此公然地濫用，我特別痛苦。亞馬遜問題迫使我們提起訴訟。NOT OK。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“商標問題讓用戶感到困惑，以爲是 Elastic 和亞馬遜之間有合作，這不是真的。NOT OK。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“… 多年來這種困惑仍然存在。NOT OK。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“亞馬遜針對 Elasticsearch 的 Open Distro 分支，進一步分裂了我們的社區，引發了相當多的混亂。NOT OK。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“… 最近，我們發現了更多挑戰道德底線的例子。我們已經在專有功能方面上與衆不同，現在這些設計卻被視爲來自亞馬遜的靈感。NOT OK。”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Elastic 更改開源協議，社區有意見"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1 月 15 日，Shay Banon 在公司官網發文，宣佈將更改開源協議，從 Elastic 7.11 版本開始，Elasticsearch 與 Kibana 代碼所遵循的 Apache 2.0 許可會調整爲 SSPL 與 Elastic License 雙許可。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SSPL 是由 MongoDB 制定的源代碼許可。針對雲服務提供商做出了限制，即要求雲服務提供商在未對項目做出貢獻的情況下，不得發佈自己的開源產品即服務。SSPL 允許用戶以自由且不受限制的方式使用並修改代碼成果，唯一的要求是：如果將產品以作爲一種服務進行交付，那麼必須同時公開發布所有關於修改及 SSPL 之下管理層的源代碼。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/ae\/ae16f014ee8522ba1493a98b62b0e7fc.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Shay Banon 在 1 月 15 日的博客中寫道："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"之所以選擇這條道路，是因爲這纔是繼續保持開放的正確思路，同時也將給我們的社區與公司提供保護。在某種程度上，這一切將使我們的開放程度進一步提高。作爲後續措施，我們將逐步將免費專有功能從 Elastic License 轉向 SSPL 加 Elastic License 雙許可，旨在進一步增強我們希望達成的產品自由與開放目標。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Shay Banon 反覆表示源代碼許可的改變對絕大多數免費使用默認發行版的社區用戶沒有任何影響。Elastic 佈道師們也宣傳道：“只要你不是公有云廠商，License 的變化和你一點關係也沒有，自己搭建部署 elk 沒有任何合規的問題。只是針對基於它做雲服務盈利還不開源出來回饋社區的這種情況。雲廠商也能繼續用 Elasticsearch，只不過前提是要全部開源出來，這樣纔有利於整個社區的發展。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但是 Elastic 修改協議的這個行爲還是引發了社區不滿。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有開發者吐槽表示：“Elasticsearch 屬於社區中的 1573 位貢獻者，這些貢獻者保留其版權，並授予 Elastic 不受限制地分發其作品的許可。開源是社區的工作…Elastic 更改協議是爲了獲得更多的錢，是爲了建立對 Elasticsearch 的壟斷… 這是反開源的舉動。Elastic 的行爲辜負了社區，辜負了大家的信任。\""}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/95\/9553c36a41d8f673f7cddf30851e256f.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"因爲 Elastic 更改協議，也導致一些企業開始尋求 Elasticsearch 的開源替代方案。比如開源平臺 Hopsworks 使用了 Elasticsearch 爲 AI 資產（功能，模型，實驗，數據集等）提供自由文本搜索，他們關注到自己的行爲可能違反了 SSPL 的許可條款："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“如果您將本程序的功能或修改的版本作爲服務提供給第三方…（適用許可條件）”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以 Hopsworks 的開發者從 Elasticsearch 切換到了適用於 AWS（已獲得 Apache v2 許可）的 Open Distro，並且 發文總結了他們的遷移過程："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/ea\/eab5f6b98a6c513274a40d7706541e08.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最終還是跟隨了 MongoDB 的腳步"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MongoDB 公司因其“NoSQL”數據庫產品 MongoDB 而創立。MongoDB 並不是唯一的 NoSQL 數據庫，但它是其中使用最廣泛的數據庫之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MongoDB 還引領潮流地創建了一種新的開源許可。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲廠商 AWS 或 Azure 打包 MongoDB 並將其作爲基於雲的 SaaS 服務（Software as a service）的一部分進行售賣，這樣的問題在於，這些服務直接與 MongoDB 自己基於雲的 SaaS 服務——MongoDB Atlas 形成了競爭。這種情況下，受到威脅的不是 MongoDB 的源代碼，而是 MongoDB 自己的 SaaS 服務，而這恰恰是該公司的主要收入來源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MongoDB 的 CTO Eliot Horowitz 認爲，隨着計算機技術進入雲的新世界，有必要採取一些措施對開源軟件業務進行保護。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2018 年 10 月，MongoDB 宣佈其開源許可證將從 GNU AGPLv3，切換到 SSPL，新許可證將適用於新版本的 MongoDB Community Server 以及打過補丁的舊版本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一開始，MongoDB 將該 SSPL 許可證提交給開放源代碼促進會（OSI）， OSI 負責監督和批准新的開源許可證。但是有些人認爲，SSPL 與 OSI 的開源定義第九條是不兼容的，第九條說“許可證不能限制其他軟件”。並且經過 OSI 來來回回的一系列郵件討論後，再加上該許可證本身的措辭問題，使得 SSPL 不太可能被 OSI 批准，所以 MongoDB 又取消了對 SSPL 許可的申請。於是，SSPL 並不是開源許可，而且將來也不可能成爲正式許可。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MongoDB 更改開源協議也曾引起極大關注，RedHat 等廠商紛紛表示將棄用 MongoDB。一時之間，MongoDB 似乎深陷險境。但兩年過去後，這家公司不僅還活着，而且活得很好，其股價也從 2018 年的不足 100 美元 \/ 股漲到現在的 361 美元 \/ 股。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MongoDB 也絕對不是唯一一個抱怨雲計算正在侵蝕其利潤的公司。像 Redis Labs、 Confluent 這樣的公司都更改了軟件許可證，從原來的開源許可證轉向更嚴格的條款，限制了軟件的功能，使其不再屬於開源軟件。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Elastic 也有同樣的困擾，也面臨着來自 AWS 的激烈競爭。兩年前，亞馬遜在 AWS 上提供了 Elasticsearch，還打包了自己版本的 Elasticsearch 代碼庫，並將其擴展爲免費提供的好幾項服務。亞馬遜宣佈推出 ElasticSearch 開源代碼獨立庫時，還曾造成 Elastic 股價下跌，跌幅高達 5%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"面對這樣的挑戰，Elastic 公司一直未採取行動，除了狀告亞馬遜註冊商標侵權以外。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"到現在，Elastic 終於覺得再不對 AWS 和 Amazon Elasticsearch Service 採取行動，“事情只會變得更糟”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Shay Banon 希望此更改“對用戶產生零影響”，不傷害“公有云”之外的友商，但還是有 Hopsworks 這樣的開源平臺選擇遷移到 Elasticsearch 的 Open Distro 分支，所以許可證變更的影響還有待觀察。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"延伸閱讀："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.logicalclocks.com\/blog\/elasticsearch-is-dead-long-live-open-distro-for-elasticsearch","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.logicalclocks.com\/blog\/elasticsearch-is-dead-long-live-open-distro-for-elasticsearch"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MjM5MDE0Mjc4MA==&mid=2651063164&idx=2&sn=e8061edb8dd225f6b33d1ab5854cf4bc&scene=21#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/QsDhNDL3Vn93F4pNI7Yy7w"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今日好文推薦"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MjM5MDE0Mjc4MA==&mid=2651063164&idx=1&sn=827962d6a7b6f3f1bc1443928ce9d144&chksm=bdb9fb2f8ace7239f07507ac66e7749d1dbf35bed7c158447aa30c953ae790ccf6b3af28a45b&scene=21#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"特朗普最後一擊：再打華爲，8份許可被撤銷，150份申請大部分被拒絕"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MjM5MDE0Mjc4MA==&mid=2651062207&idx=1&sn=7ff8a2bd682316de1732de4cc8660278&chksm=bdbe07ec8ac98efaa87315ebd3e499885bb1f21a62c438528cbf15f4b3847dd60dfb961ca45b&token=1410124472&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"抖音因涉黃受行政處罰；應屆生拒絕996被申通辭退；拼多多23歲員工猝死引發廣泛關注 | Q資訊"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}