繼開除“黑命貴”高管研究員後，谷歌又對另一位頂級AI倫理專家“下手了”

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在開除“黑命貴”高管研究員僅僅一個多月後，谷歌又把目光瞄向了另一位頂級AI倫理學家。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌正在調查其AI倫理團隊聯合負責人"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020年12月初，因爲批評公司對待黑人員工的政策，谷歌開除了其人工智能倫理團隊的技術聯合負責人 Timnit Gebru ，當時此事引起了一番不小的風波。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一個多月後，谷歌又把目光瞄向了另一位頂級AI倫理學家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1月21日，據外媒Axios獲得的消息，谷歌正在調查內部人工智能的另一聯合負責人Margaret Mitchell。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，谷歌已經鎖定了Mitchell的公司電子郵件賬戶，且公司正在調查Mitchell爲什麼下載了大量文件並與公司外部的人共享。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據消息人士透露，在鎖定帳戶之前，Mitchell一直在使用自動腳本來查看她的信息，以查找顯示對Gebru進行歧視性對待的例子。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上週，Mitchell發推文說，她正在記錄Gebru被解僱及其內部和外部工作中的關鍵問題。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/a0\/66\/a0a3b15fbf8e77086ab744360758a866.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在一份聲明中，谷歌表示，“當我們的安全系統檢測到員工的賬戶由於證書問題或涉及處理敏感數據的自動規則被觸發時，會自動鎖定員工的企業賬戶。在這種情況下，我們的系統檢測到該帳戶竊取了數千份文件，並與多個外部帳戶共享”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌方面表示，已就此事與Mitchell溝通，這是作爲標準程序的一部分。後續谷歌會積極調查此事，以收集更多的詳細信息。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"被開除1個月後，Gebru 公開聲援Mitchell"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"似乎又是因爲涉及到黑人的問題。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲谷歌人工智能倫理團隊的聯合負責人，Timnit Gebru是該領域少有的黑人女性之一，致力於解決人工智能算法目前存在的偏見等問題，在一項研究論文中，她指出了AI偏見的風險-包括Google搜索所存在的問題。Gebru還通過電子郵件向一組Google員工發送了電子郵件，批評公司的多元化和股權計劃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外，Timnit Gebru還是著名的技術多樣性倡導者，她聯合創立了一個名爲“Black in AI”的黑人研究人員社區。一直以來，她都在直言不諱地對科技公司對待黑人員工的方式提出批評。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得一提的是，在Gebru被解僱後，一名黑人婦女April Curley自稱，她在去年秋天被谷歌解僱了。她曾公開回憶自己在黑人大學負責人才招聘期間的許多負面經歷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如今在Mitchell 被調查後，Timnit Gebru 隨即站出來公開聲援她。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1月19日晚，Gebru在推特上表示，谷歌凍結Mitchell 的內部賬戶的舉動與此前她被解僱時被凍結賬戶的手段如出一轍。當時她的公司個人賬戶被公司切斷，然後突然收到了一封解僱郵件，被谷歌人工智能負責人 Jeff Dean 開除。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不同的是，Mitchell的帳戶已被鎖定“至少幾天”，但她目前並未被解僱。Gebru 表示，“我想知道她會不會收到一封私人郵箱的郵件被迫接受辭職”。Gebru同時指責谷歌的行爲，“我已經有一段時間沒見過哪家公司有這麼丟臉的行爲了”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自Gebru 被解僱後，Mitchell一直對谷歌針對Gebru的不公正待遇持批評態度。此前，Mitchell 曾在推特上表達對Gebru的支持，並批評谷歌和其他科技巨頭公司在處理性別、種族和系統性偏見等問題上的做法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就在被停職的消息傳出的幾個小時前，Mitchell還在抨擊谷歌CEO“一貫疏遠黑人婦女”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1月19日，Mitchell 在推特指責谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai 即將與歷史悠久的黑人學院和大學領導人舉行的會議。她在推文中提到，“你素有疏遠黑人女性的問題，給她們的生活造成了嚴重的傷害”。Mitchell 認爲，Pichai 他計劃與黑人大學領導人會面只是“試圖尋找讓更多黑人喜歡他”的一種“象徵性的嘗試”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接連拿2名AI倫理團隊高管“開刀”，谷歌意欲何爲？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此前，Gebru 被離職的消息在谷歌內部和整個科技行業引起了廣泛的憤慨。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由谷歌現任及前員工聯合創立的“Google Walkout For Real Change”組織在博客上發起了簽名運動，以示對 Timnit Gebru 的支持。該簽名活動獲得了 236 位谷歌員工以及 204 位行業學術專家、普通民衆的簽名支持。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據悉，已有超2000名Google員工、AI研究界的知名人士都對Gebru被解僱提出質疑。Gebru以前在谷歌團隊中的成員還致信CEO Sundar Pichai，要求將其復職。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年12月，美國國家勞動關係委員會（National Labour Relations Board）指控谷歌對激進分子進行報復。有投訴稱，谷歌監視、訊問和解僱維權僱員的做法違反了美國勞動法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"輿論壓力之下，谷歌首席執行官Sundar Pichai試圖平息這種“憤怒”，Pichai就公司處理Gebru離職問題的做法表示歉意，並"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.engadget.com\/google-sundar-pichai-timnit-gebru-ai-ethics-204137362.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"承諾進行調查"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。在去年12月的一份備忘錄中表示，Pichai表示正在進一步研究如何處理Gebru。但而後谷歌並未詳細說明有關該調查的任何發現。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Gebru 事件也被認爲是谷歌員工工會成立的催化劑之一。1 月 5 日，由於和公司高層之間的分歧越來越大，約 200 名谷歌員工成立了 Alphabet 工會。目前已有 226 名員工加入了工會，且工會將向所有 Alphabet 員工開放，包括臨時工、供應商和承包商。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在谷歌工會的使命和價值觀中，特意強調了反對種姓、原籍國等歧視或偏見，“我們將確保我們的工作條件是包容和公平的。這裏沒有騷擾、偏見、歧視或報復的容身之地”，“無論年齡、種姓、階級、原籍國、殘疾、性別、種族、宗教或性取向如何，每個人都應該得到一個友好的環境，免受騷擾、偏見、歧視和報復。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自Gebru離開以來，人工智能道德團隊一直承受着巨大的壓力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Timnit Gebru 此前曾提到，她自2018年以來一直與Mitchell合作，創建了Google Research中最多元化的團隊之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而一旦谷歌解僱Mitchell，這將意味着，谷歌在不到兩個月的時間裏，就解僱了自己人工智能倫理團隊的兩名主要負責人。未來，該團隊在谷歌又將何去何從？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"毫無疑問，Mitchell的停職也將再次加劇谷歌員工與管理層之間日益緊張的關係。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據瞭解，新上任的拜登政府近期正在通過其科學技術政策平臺宣揚共同致力於技術多樣性，並致力於解決算法偏差和其他AI驅動的技術對社會的危害。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此前有人工智能法律和政策方面的專家分析稱，谷歌對Gebru的待遇可能會影響一系列政策事項，包括如何爲技術人員提供更強大的舉報人保護以及更多的獨立人工智能研究公共資助。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而Mitchell 現在所經歷的類似遭遇可能將再次推動這一進程。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"延伸閱讀："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzU1NDA4NjU2MA==&mid=2247521544&idx=1&sn=ebdd6ef60317be1ab095d6aa95e7a96f&chksm=fbea2cc7cc9da5d1a9826c1016032f14254cc3f9078f32efca5f3ad8b1c0100e6592382ffe73&scene=27#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開除"}]},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzU1NDA4NjU2MA==&mid=2247521544&idx=1&sn=ebdd6ef60317be1ab095d6aa95e7a96f&chksm=fbea2cc7cc9da5d1a9826c1016032f14254cc3f9078f32efca5f3ad8b1c0100e6592382ffe73&scene=27#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“黑命貴”高管研究員，谷歌AI老大Jeff Dean惹上事兒了"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"參考文章："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.axios.com\/google-workers-union-test-303691f8-0aa1-4896-b57a-20dba7e952fe.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.axios.com\/google-workers-union-test-303691f8-0aa1-4896-b57a-20dba7e952fe.html"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/2021\/01\/20\/google-targets-ai-ethics-lead-margaret-mitchell-after-firing-timnit-gebru\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/2021\/01\/20\/google-targets-ai-ethics-lead-margaret-mitchell-after-firing-timnit-gebru\/"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2021\/1\/20\/22240277\/google-artificial-intelligence-researcher-margaret-mitchell-investigation-timnit-gebru"}]}]}