硅谷工程師被特朗普特赦，免去牢獄之災和2億美金賠款

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當地時間 1 月 20 日，美國當選總統拜登在首都華盛頓國會山舉行的就職典禮上正式宣誓就任美國第 46 任總統。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而在此前一天，特朗普在總統任職的最後幾個小時內發出了 143 次赦免和減刑命令，包括其盟友、藝人和許多已定罪的毒品罪犯，去年因 Uber 竊取自動駕駛汽車技術而被判入獄 18 個月的谷歌前工程師安東尼·萊萬多夫斯基（Anthony Levandowski），也在赦免名單中。知情人士表示，該名單由特朗普親自確認。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我見過最大的商業犯罪”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"加利福尼亞法官稱，Levandowski 案件是其所見過的“最大的商業祕密犯罪”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據悉，Levandowski 在 2015 年 12 月從 Google 自動駕駛的子公司 Waymo 下載了 14,000 個文檔，當時他被 Uber 首席執行官 Travis Kalanick 挖走後即將離開 Waymo。離開 Waymo 後，Levandowski 成立了一家名爲 Otto 的自動駕駛公司，該公司很快便被 Uber 收購。Uber 方任命 Levandowski 負責自動駕駛工程業務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/38\/38bfdfff452b05a832474c518d00900d.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Anthony Levandowski，來源：nypost"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2017 年 6 月左右，Levandowski 被 Waymo 指控偷竊商業機密，且拒絕接受 Uber 的內部調查。在 2018 年和解協議中，Uber 同意根據 Uber 當時的估值向 Waymo 支付 0.34％的股權，金額約爲 2.45 億美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但在去年 8 月，舊金山聯邦檢察官對 Levandowski 提起了刑事訴訟，指控其掠奪了最高機密文件。美國司法部宣佈了 33 項盜竊和企圖竊取商業機密的指控，每項罪名的最高刑罰爲 10 年監禁。但他只承認其中一項罪名，即將一個跟蹤谷歌自動駕駛項目技術目標的文件下載到他的個人電腦上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“（Levandowski）特別努力地突襲 Waymo 的設計服務器，然後隱瞞他的活動”，訴訟書中寫道。Levandowski 表示：“我下載這些文件的目的是爲了自己的個人利益，並且我瞭解我無權爲此目的使用這些文件。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"美國司法部在提審時稱，Levandowski 有逃跑的風險。Levandowski 表示他願意提供 30 萬美元現金，但政府要求獲得 200 萬美元的擔保。檢方還要求 Levandowski 的父親、繼母和商業夥伴公佈他們的財產，以確保他不會逃離。政府還要求 Levandowski 穿上腳踝監視器，在此期間他不會被允許乘坐飛機。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"美國舊金山地方法院法官威廉·阿爾蘇普（William Alsup）拒絕給 Levandowski 較短的刑期，因爲這將“爲每位未來的傑出工程師竊取商業祕密開綠燈”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“這是我見過最大的商業祕密犯罪。”Alsup 在法庭上說，“這可不是小數目，規模非常大。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Levandowski 要求在其馬林縣的家中監禁一年，認爲近一年疫情的爆發可能會讓他在監獄裏感染 COVID-19。他的律師向法官表示，調查人員沒有發現任何證據表明“Levandowski 在離開谷歌後使用了谷歌的任何商業機密。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"法官最後裁定，一旦疫情消退，Levandowski 就可以被拘留入獄。此外，Levandowski 還被勒令向谷歌支付 1.79 億美元，這一懲罰令他只能申請破產。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"延伸閱讀："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MjM5MDE0Mjc4MA==&mid=2651031465&idx=1&sn=11c882c44e291f3c1fa39d6c81d0319f&chksm=bdbe7ffa8ac9f6ecbd85c8cbbaf783819c05526b23d1ec5972970efe2fb21bd9acdec543d1ec&token=1756994433&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"《涉嫌盜取前東家谷歌的代碼，一位工程師被判賠1.8億美金，將全由個人償還》"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據白宮的一份聲明，特朗普認爲其已經“爲自己的行爲付出了巨大的代價，並計劃竭盡全力促進公共利益” 。隨後，Levandowski 發佈推特表示：“我和我的家人很高興有機會能夠繼續向前，並感謝總統和其他支持我的人。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/f2\/f200cbc4536f605a6a1ebdb5805ecf40.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"白宮方面表示，幾位科技行業人士“強烈支持”赦免 Levandowski，其中包括風險投資家彼得•泰爾（Peter Thiel）、Oculus VR 創始人帕爾默•勒基（Palmer Luckey）和好萊塢經紀人出身的投資者邁克爾•奧維茨（Michael Ovitz）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同時，白宮也指出，美國地區法官 Alsup 在 Levandowski 入獄時，稱其是“我們國家需要的傑出的、開創性的工程師”，但未提及會爲“每位未來的傑出工程師竊取商業祕密開綠燈”一事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"拜登對科技企業監管或更嚴"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據外媒報道，拜登上臺後可能“大修（overhaul）”《移民法案》，給科學、技術、工程和數學（STEM）領域的博士畢業生直接頒發綠卡。這反映出拜登對科技人才的重視，但並不意味着他會對科技企業採取寬鬆政策。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"拜登正式上臺後需要面臨特朗普留下的一系列棘手問題，包括如何約束強大的科技企業、如何應對中國科技企業等。在特朗普時期，政府圍繞谷歌、Facebook、亞馬遜、蘋果和其他科技公司的權力展開了很多調查和訴訟，包括針對谷歌和 Facebook 提出的反托拉斯訴訟，現在這些都將轉交給新政府。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"拜登此前在接受《紐約時報》採訪時表示：“我從來都不是扎克伯格的忠實擁護者。我認爲他確實是一個問題。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/27\/278dc6263540e430be035c4637ad8f78.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"拜登，來源：NPR"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在拜登的領導下，科技巨頭可能會遭遇更多監管。但尚不清楚拜登司法部在反托拉斯執法和改革方面願意走多遠。在面對拆分大型科技公司的提議時，拜登表示，談論拆分公司爲時尚早，其傾向於通過監管來遏制其實力。這可能會讓大型科技公司更難以當前的情況繼續經營。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而特朗普政府即將卸任的競爭事務主管馬坎·德爾拉西姆（Makan Delrahim）也預計，拜登新政府會繼續推進聯邦政府對於美國科技公司的反壟斷調查。“在網絡效應可能導致贏家通喫的市場，你希望確保這裏持有持續的競爭、持續的創新。”他表示，美國司法部、聯邦貿易委員會以及國會“最適合對此仔細審查”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而外媒認爲，特朗普任職期間針對社交科技公司的熱議話題：聯邦政府是否會承擔起在線內容審覈的重任，可能不會是拜登政府重點關注的領域。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在特朗普任期的最後，他還建議美國雲巨頭必須驗證所有外國客戶的 ID。不過該行政命令是否生效可能取決於拜登政府。不過外媒表示，合規成本可能會降低美國雲服務提供商的競爭力，或加劇外國實體對其在美國公司數據隱私的現有懷疑，拜登政府或許會忽略該命令。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由於特朗普與中國的“貿易戰”，已經有很多中國科技公司的發展受到限制。雖然拜登已經明確表示特朗普的談判傷害了美國人，但仍認爲美國需要採取行動對付中國，否則它將“繼續轉移和搶劫美國公司”的技術和知識產權。他呼籲建立“新規則”和“新程序”來決定與外國的貿易關係。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"參考鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/nypost.com\/2021\/01\/20\/trump-pardons-convicted-ex-google-engineer-anthony-levandowski\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/nypost.com\/2021\/01\/20\/trump-pardons-convicted-ex-google-engineer-anthony-levandowski\/"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.hcamag.com\/us\/news\/general\/how-bidens-presidency-will-impact-hr-and-talent-mobility\/244087","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.hcamag.com\/us\/news\/general\/how-bidens-presidency-will-impact-hr-and-talent-mobility\/244087"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}