15年資深華爲人講述企業創新方法論：價值創造、戰略定力、價值分配

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#7B7F83","name":"user"}}],"text":"對話嘉賓 | 極客邦科技 CEO 霍泰穩、華爲雲中國區副總裁胡維琦"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#7B7F83","name":"user"}}],"text":"整理、編輯 | 馬紅偉"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2005年，剛剛大學畢業的胡維琦帶着一身青澀的朝氣與初生牛犢不怕虎的勇氣走進了華爲的大門，開啓了自己的職場生涯。十五年光陰變換，她始終堅守着本心，參與並見證了一個企業巨星的輝煌發展。而在這十五年間，中國科技創新變革的宏大篇章也在徐徐展開，作爲有幸參與其中的建設者，她對創新有着更加深刻的感悟與總結。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"embedcomp","attrs":{"type":"video","data":{"id":"337247","name":"C位面對面-華爲官網版面對面","poster":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/ba\/b3\/bae94fb8aa306af52984ec7589c735b3.jpg","url":"https:\/\/media001.geekbang.org\/011362afd97445c78a4aab8f01bf886c\/66ca0ddb6a99489a94c8566235f46a47-1827becdac9d255553712c8aa9c270ad-sd.m3u8"}}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“過去的十五年間，在各個領域湧現出了非常多的優秀的中國企業，它們在國家建設中承載着越來越重要的地位，向大衆證明了國內企業並不是廉價、缺乏創新的企業，時代的變遷成就着創新型企業的發展。而着眼當下，數字化變革催生了新的機遇，企業的創新不再是單方面、孤立地創新"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"，"},{"type":"text","text":"聯合創新的模式逐漸成爲了企業發展的必選路徑之一。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那麼，在2021年，中國科技創新道路的發展趨勢是什麼？中國企業的科技創新邏輯又是怎樣的？如何提高企業創新成功率？技術領導者在創新過程裏面又應該扮演怎樣的角色？華爲又是如何與企業聯合創新的？帶着這些問題，極客邦科技創始人兼 CEO、InfoQ 中國創始人霍泰穩（Kevin）與華爲雲中國區副總裁胡維琦展開了一場關於創新的深度對話。以下爲正文。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"15年風雨兼程，見證中國科技創新變革歷程"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：在華爲工作的15年裏，讓您印象深刻的轉折點有幾個？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦：有兩個轉折點。第一個轉折點是2013年，我加入到了新組建的IT產業（包括服務器、存儲、雲計算）團隊，帶領團隊從比較小的業務領域發展到目前幾百億的生意。在這個過程中，我也有幸見證了IT產業，從原來以國外產品爲主逐漸發展爲國內企業百花齊放的盛景。在變革中，IT產業也成爲了華爲非常重要的支柱產業。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二個轉折點來自於2017年，雲計算已經經歷了第一波蓬勃發展，但是上雲客戶還是多以互聯網用戶爲主，我有幸參與華爲雲從零到當前階段的快速發展，在這個過程中，上雲客戶也從單一的互聯網用戶發展到政府及傳統企業都爭相上雲，很多優秀企業也隨之崛起。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"談及我在華爲堅持15年的原因，主要在於三點。首先，華爲是一個非常好的平臺，既沒有社會資源也沒有個人發展的應屆畢業生在這裏可以獲得公平參與的機會。此外，我在華爲的15年裏嘗試了很多工作崗位，既做過運營商業務，也做過企業業務，既接觸過IT，也做過雲計算，這樣的輪崗讓我的職業充滿了新鮮感。還有很重要的一點是，華爲在價值分配上非常公平且豐厚。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：在過去15年的職業生涯裏面，您所經歷的哪些場景，讓您覺得科技創新在企業發展過程裏是一個必備的要素？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"事實上，創新的直接效果就是助力企業實現真正地降本增效，"},{"type":"text","text":"下面我主要從客戶和華爲自身兩個方面來論證這個論點。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"舉個例子，當時我們有一個客戶是做煤焦化的企業，顧名思義，生產過程就是把煤變成焦，其中有一個比較重要的工藝環節是提升煤到焦的轉換率，此前比較傳統的方法是依靠老專家經驗不斷優化煤配，現在通過人工智能方法就能做到科學的煤焦化配比，且在相同配比情況下，出焦率顯著提升。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"給企業帶來的明顯變化就是，每一噸可以產生10-30塊錢實際的經濟效益"},{"type":"text","text":"，如果是一個千萬級企業，單單靠這個技術優化就能夠給企業帶來上千萬規模的營收。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從華爲自身來講，我記得剛進公司的時候使用的是IBM的工作系統，工作方式上以郵件爲主，沒帶電腦就處理不了工作，之後華爲在辦公協作上實現了向移動化辦公的快速轉型，通過手機移動辦公能夠解決90%電子郵件的處理工作，而且每天的經營信息和數據都會在手機上進行實時顯示，極大提升了員工的工作效率。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：從歷史角度來看，近年來一次大的中國科技創新事件是國家電網骨幹網的升級換代，我在和華爲的同事就採訪進行溝通時，他提到了您曾經參與過國家電網的案例，能否具體展開講一下？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦：那時我剛到企業網，入職纔不過6年，在華爲還算比較新的員工，負責的一個大的案例就是國家骨幹網的替換。在2011年，人們普遍都認爲外國設備是比較先進可靠的，國內廠商價格低廉但是科技上卻缺乏創新。那時線網設備大部分是思科的路由器，國家電網的一個決策改變了這一現狀——他們決定把電力調度骨幹網從思科替代爲國產廠商，而華爲非常榮幸獲得了這次機會。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這個項目中國家電網對骨幹網的替換，其意義主要有三點：首先節約了國家電網的採購成本，國外設備單價成本和售後成本都相對較高，國內企業的加入讓市場獲得了充分競爭，採購成本大幅下降；其次，國外廠商並不會很重視國家電網業務在細分領域市場的需求，比如時延、可靠性等方面的特殊要求，華爲和國家電網做了很多這方面的創新，從技術上幫助國家電網獲得更好的服務體驗。再次，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"國家電網案例的成功也向業界證明了國內企業並不是廉價、缺乏創新的企業"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：華爲在很早的時候就提到了“工程商人”的概念，請站在您的視角給大家解釋下技術和商業之間的關聯？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦：華爲堅持的一個重要原則是以客戶爲中心，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"無論研發線還是銷售線，都會以爲客戶創造價值爲共同目標，"},{"type":"text","text":"這是融入到華爲員工骨血中的信念。因此，我們在做任何事情時都會先以此作爲衡量標準，同時還要審視創造的價值和客戶的投入是否呈正比，只有當價值創造大於客戶投入時，才能夠形成正向循環的商業閉環。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另一方面，華爲在組織設計上也和很多公司不同，我們的研發團隊並不僅僅是產品團隊或是完全以技術爲導向的團隊，他們也會關注商業價值和商業變現。研發團隊的一把手也是商業領袖，在做一些創新的技術開發時，他們會從技術和商業變現兩個維度思考問題，只有技術和商業相結合的產品纔會在市場上有更強的競爭力。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用科學的方法論制定企業創新路徑"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：華爲內部是怎麼做技術創新的？有沒有什麼案例可以和我們分享？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"華爲內部做技術創新的原則是以客戶需求爲導向，通過技術創新達到雙贏"},{"type":"text","text":"。下面我着重講兩個創新技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大數據存算分離技術就是華爲內部比較經典的技術創新。我們很多電商客戶每天都會做非常多的數據分析，新增很多需要存儲的數據，原來的存算一體化會帶來一些計算節點的浪費，當我們瞭解到這個需求之後，就從技術上把計算節點和存儲節點進行分離，中間用高速網絡進行連接，將存儲和計算分別來擴，有效管控了成本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外，這個案例通過高速網絡連接還完美解決了計算和存儲分離之後帶來的網絡時延問題。目前該技術已經在蘑菇街、聚美優品、小紅書、美圖等客戶中實現應用落地，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"幫助客戶降低了10%-30%的大數據成本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再說容器，現在互聯網公司都在做容器化改造，容器給我們提供了非常好的彈性資源，且易於管理維護，缺點就是其會增加性能開銷，導致整個CPU作用率降低。爲了解決這個問題，華爲雲開創性的研發了擎天卡，基於華爲雲擎天架構的軟硬協同能力，將治理和轉發邏輯下沉到擎天卡上，實現容器網絡主機資源0佔用，數據面轉發能力卸載至擎天卡後，還大大提高包轉發率和升高時延，採納VF直通容器，實現零損耗的網絡轉發性能，容器內網卡與裸金屬服務器主網卡性能持平"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"，CPU利用率得以提升20%-30%"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：談到創新，當下有一個詞叫做中國式創新，請您以多年科技創新者的角度來談談您所理解的中國式創新？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"我理解的創新大概分爲三個類型，分別是跟隨式創新、連續性創新、顛覆式創新。"},{"type":"text","text":"前兩個創新很好理解，顛覆性創新本質上是利用不同區域之間的技術或商業模式代差，把優秀區域新的技術或方法在本區域進行本土化落地，再進行更多演進，這種創新可能會創造出一個新的賽道，獲得更好的商業回報。早幾年互聯網行業更多是在做跟隨式創新，如今隨着區域間經濟差距的縮小，越來越多的中國企業在嘗試做連續性創新和顛覆式創新。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在我看來，每種創新都沒有好壞對錯之分，只是在不同發展階段的不同選擇。但是"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"無論哪種創新，核心還是要瞄準客戶價值創造"},{"type":"text","text":"，客戶爲創新買單的前提是創造了讓他認可的價值。對於中國企業來說，不要追求這些名詞或者概念，更重要的是迴歸到事物本質，只要客戶願意爲創新買單，那這種創新模式就是非常優秀的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：創新談起來容易做起來難，有沒有什麼方式方法能夠提高創新的成功率？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦：這是一個很難回答的問題，創新沒有捷徑，是一件可遇不可求的事情，但還是有一些規律可循的。首先就是我一直在反覆強調的，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"創新要圍繞價值創造"},{"type":"text","text":"。你在選擇創新賽道的時候要問自己兩個問題——誰是用戶？爲什麼客戶會願意買單？如果你能夠回答清楚，那你的路徑選擇就是正確的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"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難關。華爲在雲計算、大數據、人工智能等領域有着非常多的研發投入和技術積累，這是合作伙伴選擇華爲雲聯創營的原因之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"其次，華爲有市場"},{"type":"text","text":"。當下華爲的辦事機構覆蓋了全球範圍，銷售團隊在國內也覆蓋了所有省會城市，毋容置疑，華爲這個大平臺可以幫助合作伙伴解決自身產品面向市場的快速變現問題，這對於企業來說同樣相當有吸引力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"最後則在於品牌聯合宣傳"},{"type":"text","text":"。我們的合作伙伴有非常好的技術和產品，自然也希望有很好的曝光途徑。今年，華爲雲聯創營爲合作伙伴做了非常多線上線下曝光機會，包括聯合品牌廣告。我們希望通過以上三種方式幫助合作伙伴做出更加滿足客戶需求的場景方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：有沒有哪些企業真的從聯創營獲益了，或者有了比較大的發展？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦：我印象深刻的是一家名爲靈動科技的機器人制造企業，原來機器人處理大都是在機器人本端進行，這會讓機器人看起來比較笨重，如今隨着邊緣技術、雲技術的落地，這一頑疾迎來了被攻克的曙光。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們把機器人控制指令和處理指令，從機器人本體轉移到了邊緣的計算節點上，實現了終端側機器人體積和重量的有效降低。此外，這一技術將計算處理放在了邊緣側，使得算力得到了無限增強，機器人的整體能力也由此獲得顯著提升。這個創新思路從出來到落地大概花了3個月的時間，改良完畢的機器人產品又通過華爲雲的嚴選市場實現了商業變現，整個過程僅用了5個月。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：請您總結下華爲雲聯創營的2020，展望下2021。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦：在2020年，華爲雲聯創營發佈了十大聯創場景，包括端雲協同、三維世界、音視頻等，和200多個小夥伴一起已經孵化了32個解決方案，藉着這個機會我也想向大家宣佈華爲雲聯創營2020年十大創新先行者。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"embedcomp","attrs":{"type":"video","data":{"id":"337249","name":"華爲雲聯創營頒獎視頻","poster":"","url":"https:\/\/media001.geekbang.org\/9ab437ec6f5a4c8da74decb6b01a1b5f\/054fcd5b5dd44d788b027f89af25313b-6ca9385d3b408482bf5ca2834b735709-sd.m3u8"}}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021年我們將百尺竿頭更進一步，在規模上、技術上持續創新，繼續給與合作伙伴品牌傳播、市場線索等支持，同時，聯創營將會從2020年的方案孵化向着商業變現發展，實現更好地商業閉環。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"預見2021，企業科技創新的新賽道"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Kevin：作爲一個科技領袖，你認爲2021年中國科技創新道路的發展趨勢是什麼？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡維琦：一方面，我欣慰于越來越多中國企業從追隨式創新到顛覆式創新的變化，另一方面，也高興于越來越多的企業從應用層面的創新向底層技術創新在發展，包括芯片、無人駕駛技術，甚至在生產領域中的流程控制技術。此外，中國供應鏈、製造領域中有着非常多的機會，近些年越來越多的擁有技術、資金、人才的企業進入ToB賽道，從聚焦ToC創新逐漸向開拓ToB創新在轉變，這也是一件令人興奮的事情。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而在我自己看來，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"我比較看好的是互聯網技術和工業領域場景的結合"},{"type":"text","text":"。事實上，工業領域有着非常多的場景需要科技來改變和賦能，它所惠及的人羣比C端更多，對社會的貢獻和影響也會更加深遠。因此，我希望未來有越來越多有技術、資金、人才的企業進入ToB賽道。但和ToC的快速回報不同，ToB賽道在決策過程和產業週期上都會比較慢，企業需要保持一定的戰略定力和耐心，才能夠贏得更加豐厚的勝利成果。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}