基本配置環境
| 依賴 | 版本 |
|---|---|
| ClickHouse | 20.11.3.3-2 |
| CentOS | 7.x |
| Gcc | 4.8.5 |
下載安裝ClickHouse
- 離線安裝方式(我們使用下載到本地進行安裝)
wget https://repo.yandex.ru/clickhouse/rpm/stable/x86_64/clickhouse-client-20.11.3.3-2.noarch.rpm
wget https://repo.yandex.ru/clickhouse/rpm/stable/x86_64/clickhouse-common-static-20.11.3.3-2.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.yandex.ru/clickhouse/rpm/stable/x86_64/clickhouse-common-static-dbg-20.11.3.3-2.x86_64.rpm
wget https://repo.yandex.ru/clickhouse/rpm/stable/x86_64/clickhouse-server-20.11.3.3-2.noarch.rpm
yum install -y clickhouse-*
- yum源在線安裝
sudo yum install yum-utils
sudo rpm --import https://repo.clickhouse.tech/CLICKHOUSE-KEY.GPG
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://repo.clickhouse.tech/rpm/stable/x86_64
sudo yum install clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
如果您想使用最新版本，請將stable替換爲testing（建議您在測試環境中使用）
配置ClickHouse
ClickHouse中的配置項很多，默認會在/etc下生成clickhouse-server和clickhouse-client兩個目錄，由於我們安裝服務我們去修改clickhouse-server下的配置文件
- 修改
/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--
NOTE: User and query level settings are set up in "users.xml" file.
-->
<yandex>
<logger>
<!-- Possible levels: https://github.com/pocoproject/poco/blob/develop/Foundation/include/Poco/Logger.h#L105 -->
<level>trace</level>
<log>/data2/clickhouse/clickhouse-server.log</log>
<errorlog>/data2/clickhouse/clickhouse-server.err.log</errorlog>
<size>1000M</size>
<count>10</count>
<!-- <console>1</console> --> <!-- Default behavior is autodetection (log to console if not daemon mode and is tty) -->
</logger>
<!--display_name>production</display_name--> <!-- It is the name that will be shown in the client -->
<http_port>9123</http_port>
<tcp_port>9000</tcp_port>
<!-- For HTTPS and SSL over native protocol. -->
<!--
<https_port>8443</https_port>
<tcp_port_secure>9440</tcp_port_secure>
-->
<!-- Used with https_port and tcp_port_secure. Full ssl options list: https://github.com/ClickHouse-Extras/poco/blob/master/NetSSL_OpenSSL/include/Poco/Net/SSLManager.h#L71 -->
<openSSL>
<server> <!-- Used for https server AND secure tcp port -->
<!-- openssl req -subj "/CN=localhost" -new -newkey rsa:2048 -days 365 -nodes -x509 -keyout /etc/clickhouse-server/server.key -out /etc/clickhouse-server/server.crt -->
<certificateFile>/etc/clickhouse-server/server.crt</certificateFile>
<privateKeyFile>/etc/clickhouse-server/server.key</privateKeyFile>
<!-- openssl dhparam -out /etc/clickhouse-server/dhparam.pem 4096 -->
<dhParamsFile>/etc/clickhouse-server/dhparam.pem</dhParamsFile>
<verificationMode>none</verificationMode>
<loadDefaultCAFile>true</loadDefaultCAFile>
<cacheSessions>true</cacheSessions>
<disableProtocols>sslv2,sslv3</disableProtocols>
<preferServerCiphers>true</preferServerCiphers>
</server>
<client> <!-- Used for connecting to https dictionary source -->
<loadDefaultCAFile>true</loadDefaultCAFile>
<cacheSessions>true</cacheSessions>
<disableProtocols>sslv2,sslv3</disableProtocols>
<preferServerCiphers>true</preferServerCiphers>
<!-- Use for self-signed: <verificationMode>none</verificationMode> -->
<invalidCertificateHandler>
<!-- Use for self-signed: <name>AcceptCertificateHandler</name> -->
<name>RejectCertificateHandler</name>
</invalidCertificateHandler>
</client>
</openSSL>
<!-- Default root page on http[s] server. For example load UI from https://tabix.io/ when opening http://localhost:8123 -->
<!--
<http_server_default_response><![CDATA[<html ng-app="SMI2"><head><base href="http://ui.tabix.io/"></head><body><div ui-view="" class="content-ui"></div><script src="http://loader.tabix.io/master.js"></script></body></html>]]></http_server_default_response>
-->
<!-- Port for communication between replicas. Used for data exchange. -->
<interserver_http_port>9009</interserver_http_port>
<listen_host>0.0.0.0</listen_host>
<!-- Don't exit if ipv6 or ipv4 unavailable, but listen_host with this protocol specified -->
<!-- <listen_try>0</listen_try> -->
<!-- Allow listen on same address:port -->
<!-- <listen_reuse_port>0</listen_reuse_port> -->
<!-- <listen_backlog>64</listen_backlog> -->
<max_connections>4096</max_connections>
<keep_alive_timeout>3</keep_alive_timeout>
<!-- Maximum number of concurrent queries. -->
<max_concurrent_queries>100</max_concurrent_queries>
<!-- Set limit on number of open files (default: maximum). This setting makes sense on Mac OS X because getrlimit() fails to retrieve
correct maximum value. -->
<!-- <max_open_files>262144</max_open_files> -->
<!-- Size of cache of uncompressed blocks of data, used in tables of MergeTree family.
In bytes. Cache is single for server. Memory is allocated only on demand.
Cache is used when 'use_uncompressed_cache' user setting turned on (off by default).
Uncompressed cache is advantageous only for very short queries and in rare cases.
-->
<uncompressed_cache_size>8589934592</uncompressed_cache_size>
<!-- Approximate size of mark cache, used in tables of MergeTree family.
In bytes. Cache is single for server. Memory is allocated only on demand.
You should not lower this value.
-->
<mark_cache_size>5368709120</mark_cache_size>
<!-- Path to data directory, with trailing slash. -->
<path>/data2/clickhouse/data/</path>
<!-- Path to temporary data for processing hard queries. -->
<tmp_path>/data2/clickhouse/tmp/</tmp_path>
<!-- Directory with user provided files that are accessible by 'file' table function. -->
<user_files_path>/data2/clickhouse/user_files/</user_files_path>
<!-- Path to configuration file with users, access rights, profiles of settings, quotas. -->
<users_config>users.xml</users_config>
<!-- Default profile of settings. -->
<default_profile>default</default_profile>
<!-- System profile of settings. This settings are used by internal processes (Buffer storage, Distibuted DDL worker and so on). -->
<!-- <system_profile>default</system_profile> -->
<!-- Default database. -->
<default_database>default</default_database>
<mlock_executable>false</mlock_executable>
<zookeeper incl="zookeeper-servers" optional="true" />
<!-- Substitutions for parameters of replicated tables.
Optional. If you don't use replicated tables, you could omit that.
See https://clickhouse.yandex/docs/en/table_engines/replication/#creating-replicated-tables
-->
<macros incl="macros" optional="true" />
<!-- Reloading interval for embedded dictionaries, in seconds. Default: 3600. -->
<builtin_dictionaries_reload_interval>3600</builtin_dictionaries_reload_interval>
<!-- Maximum session timeout, in seconds. Default: 3600. -->
<max_session_timeout>3600</max_session_timeout>
<!-- Default session timeout, in seconds. Default: 60. -->
<default_session_timeout>60</default_session_timeout>
<!-- Query log. Used only for queries with setting log_queries = 1. -->
<query_log>
<!-- What table to insert data. If table is not exist, it will be created.
When query log structure is changed after system update,
then old table will be renamed and new table will be created automatically.
-->
<database>system</database>
<table>query_log</table>
<!--
PARTITION BY expr https://clickhouse.yandex/docs/en/table_engines/custom_partitioning_key/
Example:
event_date
toMonday(event_date)
toYYYYMM(event_date)
toStartOfHour(event_time)
-->
<partition_by>toYYYYMM(event_date)</partition_by>
<!-- Interval of flushing data. -->
<flush_interval_milliseconds>7500</flush_interval_milliseconds>
</query_log>
<!-- Trace log. Stores stack traces collected by query profilers.
See query_profiler_real_time_period_ns and query_profiler_cpu_time_period_ns settings. -->
<trace_log>
<database>system</database>
<table>trace_log</table>
<partition_by>toYYYYMM(event_date)</partition_by>
<flush_interval_milliseconds>7500</flush_interval_milliseconds>
</trace_log>
<!-- Query thread log. Has information about all threads participated in query execution.
Used only for queries with setting log_query_threads = 1. -->
<query_thread_log>
<database>system</database>
<table>query_thread_log</table>
<partition_by>toYYYYMM(event_date)</partition_by>
<flush_interval_milliseconds>7500</flush_interval_milliseconds>
</query_thread_log>
<dictionaries_config>*_dictionary.xml</dictionaries_config>
<!-- Uncomment if you want data to be compressed 30-100% better.
Don't do that if you just started using ClickHouse.
-->
<compression incl="clickhouse_compression">
</compression>
<!-- Allow to execute distributed DDL queries (CREATE, DROP, ALTER, RENAME) on cluster.
Works only if ZooKeeper is enabled. Comment it if such functionality isn't required. -->
<distributed_ddl>
<!-- Path in ZooKeeper to queue with DDL queries -->
<path>/a8root/clickhouse/task_queue/ddl</path>
<!-- Settings from this profile will be used to execute DDL queries -->
<!-- <profile>default</profile> -->
</distributed_ddl>
<graphite_rollup_example>
<pattern>
<regexp>click_cost</regexp>
<function>any</function>
<retention>
<age>0</age>
<precision>3600</precision>
</retention>
<retention>
<age>86400</age>
<precision>60</precision>
</retention>
</pattern>
<default>
<function>max</function>
<retention>
<age>0</age>
<precision>60</precision>
</retention>
<retention>
<age>3600</age>
<precision>300</precision>
</retention>
<retention>
<age>86400</age>
<precision>3600</precision>
</retention>
</default>
</graphite_rollup_example>
<format_schema_path>/data2/clickhouse/format_schemas/</format_schema_path>
</yandex>
我們一般修改以下配置項：
logger修改日誌的存放路徑http_port修改瀏覽器訪問的端口，默認爲8123tcp_port修改tcp協議的傳輸端口openSSL一些ssl的認證配置文件，我們暫時不做ssl認證，此處不做處理listen_host如果我們要對外使用服務的話，此處需要修改成0.0.0.0remote_servers此處是集羣相關的配置信息後續會詳解
其他自定義的配置可自行修改，修改配置後我們便可以啓動一個本地的ClickHouse服務
- 創建相關目錄及權限
mkdir -p /data2/clickhouse
chown -R clickhouse:clickhouse /data2/clickhouse
操作ClickHouse
- 啓動服務
sudo -u clickhouse clickhouse-server --daemon --pid-file=/var/run/clickhouse-server/clickhouse-server.pid --config-file=/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml
--daemon標誌我們要後臺啓動服務--pid-file指定服務啓動後的進行文件路徑--config-file指定服務啓動的配置文件
如果我們使用調試可使用以下命令
sudo -u clickhouse clickhouse-server start
要用單獨的用戶啓動，如果使用root啓動的話系統會做提示信息
調試ClickHouse服務
ClickHouse安裝完成後會生成clickhouse-server和clickhouse-client兩個目錄，這個時候我們使用clickhouse-client去測試服務
clickhouse-client -h clickhouse --port 9000 --multiquery --query="show databases"
注意：--port指定的是tcp的端口
運行查詢數據庫列表返回類似以下信息
_temporary_and_external_tables
default
system
此語法可以使用多個SQL按照英文;分割每個SQL即可
更多clickhouse-client信息使用clickhouse-client --help查看