[Kubernete] Grafana 持久化(大坑)

準備文件

grafana-pvc.yml

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: grafana-pvc-test
  annotations:
    volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "nfs-managed-retain"
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 10Gi

grafana-deployment.yml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: grafana
  labels:
    app: grafana
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: grafana
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: grafana
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: grafana
        image: grafana/grafana:7.3.7
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3000
          name: http
        env:
        - name: GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_USER
          value: admin
        - name: GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD
          value: admin
        readinessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 10
          httpGet:
            path: /api/health
            port: 3000
            scheme: HTTP
          initialDelaySeconds: 60
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 30
        livenessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          httpGet:
            path: /api/health
            port: 3000
            scheme: HTTP
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 1
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 300m
            memory: 1024Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 300m
            memory: 1024Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/grafana
          subPath: grafana
          name: storage
        - name: grafana-ini
          mountPath: /etc/grafana/grafana.ini
          subPath: grafana.ini
      securityContext:
        runAsNonRoot: true
        runAsUser: 472
        runAsGroup: 0
      volumes:
      - name: storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: grafana-pvc-test

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: grafana
  labels:
    app: grafana
spec:
  type: LoadBalancer
  ports:
    - port: 3000
      targetPort: http
      name: http
  selector:
    app: grafana

kubectl apply -f grafana-pvc.yml grafana-deployment.yml

然後pod一直0/1 Running,無限Restarting

初步懷疑無法寫入nfs目錄,但奇怪的是prometheus掛載nfs是好的

於是改grafana權限和nfs權限,仍舊Restarting

kubectl logs後發現

t=2021-01-26T14:33:11+0000 lvl=warn msg="SQLite database file has broader permissions than it should" logger=sqlstore path=/var/lib/grafana/grafana.db mode=-rw-rw-rw- expected=-rw-r-----

看來無法使用Grafana自帶的sqlite

於是決定接Postgresql

添加/修改文件

grafana-config.yml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: grafana-config
data:
  grafana.ini: |
    ##################### Grafana Configuration Defaults #####################
    #
    # Do not modify this file in grafana installs
    #

    # possible values : production, development
    app_mode = production

    # instance name, defaults to HOSTNAME environment variable value or hostname if HOSTNAME var is empty
    instance_name = ${HOSTNAME}

    #################################### Paths ###############################
    [paths]
    # Path to where grafana can store temp files, sessions, and the sqlite3 db (if that is used)
    data = data

    # Temporary files in `data` directory older than given duration will be removed
    temp_data_lifetime = 24h

    # Directory where grafana can store logs
    logs = data/log

    # Directory where grafana will automatically scan and look for plugins
    plugins = data/plugins

    # folder that contains provisioning config files that grafana will apply on startup and while running.
    ;provisioning = conf/provisioning

    #################################### Server ##############################
    [server]
    # Protocol (http, https, h2, socket)
    protocol = http

    # The ip address to bind to, empty will bind to all interfaces
    http_addr =

    # The http port to use
    http_port = 3000

    # The public facing domain name used to access grafana from a browser
    domain = localhost

    # Redirect to correct domain if host header does not match domain
    # Prevents DNS rebinding attacks
    enforce_domain = false

    # The full public facing url
    root_url = %(protocol)s://%(domain)s:%(http_port)s/

    # Serve Grafana from subpath specified in `root_url` setting. By default it is set to `false` for compatibility reasons.
    serve_from_sub_path = false

    # Log web requests
    router_logging = false

    # the path relative working path
    static_root_path = public

    # enable gzip
    enable_gzip = false

    # https certs & key file
    cert_file =
    cert_key =

    # Unix socket path
    socket = /tmp/grafana.sock

    #################################### Database ############################
    [database]
    # You can configure the database connection by specifying type, host, name, user and password
    # as separate properties or as on string using the url property.

    # Either "mysql", "postgres" or "sqlite3", it's your choice
    type = postgres
    host = <your-postgres-host>
    name = <db-name>
    user = <db-username>
    # If the password contains # or ; you have to wrap it with triple quotes. Ex """#password;"""
    password = <db-password>
    # Use either URL or the previous fields to configure the database
    # Example: mysql://user:secret@host:port/database
    url =

    # Max idle conn setting default is 2
    max_idle_conn = 2

    # Max conn setting default is 0 (mean not set)
    max_open_conn = 1000

    # Connection Max Lifetime default is 14400 (means 14400 seconds or 4 hours)
    conn_max_lifetime = 14400

    # Set to true to log the sql calls and execution times.
    log_queries =

    # For "postgres", use either "disable", "require" or "verify-full"
    # For "mysql", use either "true", "false", or "skip-verify".
    ssl_mode = disable

    ca_cert_path =
    client_key_path =
    client_cert_path =
    server_cert_name =

    # For "sqlite3" only, path relative to data_path setting
    path = grafana.db

    # For "sqlite3" only. cache mode setting used for connecting to the database
    cache_mode = private

    #################################### Cache server #############################
    [remote_cache]
    # Either "redis", "memcached" or "database" default is "database"
    type = database

    # cache connectionstring options
    # database: will use Grafana primary database.
    # redis: config like redis server e.g. `addr=127.0.0.1:6379,pool_size=100,db=0,ssl=false`. Only addr is required. ssl may be 'true', 'false', or 'insecure'.
    # memcache: 127.0.0.1:11211
    connstr =

    #################################### Data proxy ###########################
    [dataproxy]

    # This enables data proxy logging, default is false
    logging = false

    # How long the data proxy waits before timing out, default is 30 seconds.
    # This setting also applies to core backend HTTP data sources where query requests use an HTTP client with timeout set.
    timeout = 30

    # How many seconds the data proxy waits before sending a keepalive request.
    keep_alive_seconds = 30

    # How many seconds the data proxy waits for a successful TLS Handshake before timing out.
    tls_handshake_timeout_seconds = 10

    # How many seconds the data proxy will wait for a server's first response headers after
    # fully writing the request headers if the request has an "Expect: 100-continue"
    # header. A value of 0 will result in the body being sent immediately, without
    # waiting for the server to approve.
    expect_continue_timeout_seconds = 1

    # The maximum number of idle connections that Grafana will keep alive.
    max_idle_connections = 100

    # How many seconds the data proxy keeps an idle connection open before timing out.
    idle_conn_timeout_seconds = 90

    # If enabled and user is not anonymous, data proxy will add X-Grafana-User header with username into the request.
    send_user_header = false

    #################################### Analytics ###########################
    [analytics]
    # Server reporting, sends usage counters to stats.grafana.org every 24 hours.
    # No ip addresses are being tracked, only simple counters to track
    # running instances, dashboard and error counts. It is very helpful to us.
    # Change this option to false to disable reporting.
    reporting_enabled = true

    # Set to false to disable all checks to https://grafana.com
    # for new versions (grafana itself and plugins), check is used
    # in some UI views to notify that grafana or plugin update exists
    # This option does not cause any auto updates, nor send any information
    # only a GET request to https://grafana.com to get latest versions
    check_for_updates = true

    # Google Analytics universal tracking code, only enabled if you specify an id here
    google_analytics_ua_id =

    # Google Tag Manager ID, only enabled if you specify an id here
    google_tag_manager_id =

    #################################### Security ############################
    [security]
    # disable creation of admin user on first start of grafana
    disable_initial_admin_creation = false

    # default admin user, created on startup
    admin_user = admin

    # default admin password, can be changed before first start of grafana, or in profile settings
    admin_password = admin

    # used for signing
    secret_key = SW2YcwTIb9zpOOhoPsMm

    # disable gravatar profile images
    disable_gravatar = false

    # data source proxy whitelist (ip_or_domain:port separated by spaces)
    data_source_proxy_whitelist =

    # disable protection against brute force login attempts
    disable_brute_force_login_protection = false

    # set to true if you host Grafana behind HTTPS. default is false.
    cookie_secure = false

    # set cookie SameSite attribute. defaults to `lax`. can be set to "lax", "strict", "none" and "disabled"
    cookie_samesite = lax

    # set to true if you want to allow browsers to render Grafana in a <frame>, <iframe>, <embed> or <object>. default is false.
    allow_embedding = false

    # Set to true if you want to enable http strict transport security (HSTS) response header.
    # This is only sent when HTTPS is enabled in this configuration.
    # HSTS tells browsers that the site should only be accessed using HTTPS.
    strict_transport_security = false

    # Sets how long a browser should cache HSTS. Only applied if strict_transport_security is enabled.
    strict_transport_security_max_age_seconds = 86400

    # Set to true if to enable HSTS preloading option. Only applied if strict_transport_security is enabled.
    strict_transport_security_preload = false

    # Set to true if to enable the HSTS includeSubDomains option. Only applied if strict_transport_security is enabled.
    strict_transport_security_subdomains = false

    # Set to true to enable the X-Content-Type-Options response header.
    # The X-Content-Type-Options response HTTP header is a marker used by the server to indicate that the MIME types advertised
    # in the Content-Type headers should not be changed and be followed.
    x_content_type_options = true

    # Set to true to enable the X-XSS-Protection header, which tells browsers to stop pages from loading
    # when they detect reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.
    x_xss_protection = true


    #################################### Snapshots ###########################
    [snapshots]
    # snapshot sharing options
    external_enabled = true
    external_snapshot_url = https://snapshots-origin.raintank.io
    external_snapshot_name = Publish to snapshot.raintank.io

    # Set to true to enable this Grafana instance act as an external snapshot server and allow unauthenticated requests for
    # creating and deleting snapshots.
    public_mode = false

    # remove expired snapshot
    snapshot_remove_expired = true

    #################################### Dashboards ##################

    [dashboards]
    # Number dashboard versions to keep (per dashboard). Default: 20, Minimum: 1
    versions_to_keep = 20

    # Minimum dashboard refresh interval. When set, this will restrict users to set the refresh interval of a dashboard lower than given interval. Per default this is 5 seconds.
    # The interval string is a possibly signed sequence of decimal numbers, followed by a unit suffix (ms, s, m, h, d), e.g. 30s or 1m.
    min_refresh_interval = 5s

    # Path to the default home dashboard. If this value is empty, then Grafana uses StaticRootPath + "dashboards/home.json"
    default_home_dashboard_path =

    #################################### Users ###############################
    [users]
    # disable user signup / registration
    allow_sign_up = false

    # Allow non admin users to create organizations
    allow_org_create = false

    # Set to true to automatically assign new users to the default organization (id 1)
    auto_assign_org = true

    # Set this value to automatically add new users to the provided organization (if auto_assign_org above is set to true)
    auto_assign_org_id = 1

    # Default role new users will be automatically assigned (if auto_assign_org above is set to true)
    auto_assign_org_role = Viewer

    # Require email validation before sign up completes
    verify_email_enabled = false

    # Background text for the user field on the login page
    login_hint = email or username
    password_hint = password

    # Default UI theme ("dark" or "light")
    default_theme = dark

    # External user management
    external_manage_link_url =
    external_manage_link_name =
    external_manage_info =

    # Viewers can edit/inspect dashboard settings in the browser. But not save the dashboard.
    viewers_can_edit = false

    # Editors can administrate dashboard, folders and teams they create
    editors_can_admin = false

    # The duration in time a user invitation remains valid before expiring. This setting should be expressed as a duration. Examples: 6h (hours), 2d (days), 1w (week). Default is 24h (24 hours). The minimum supported duration is 15m (15 minutes).
    user_invite_max_lifetime_duration = 24h

    [auth]
    # Login cookie name
    login_cookie_name = grafana_session

    # The maximum lifetime (duration) an authenticated user can be inactive before being required to login at next visit. Default is 7 days (7d). This setting should be expressed as a duration, e.g. 5m (minutes), 6h (hours), 10d (days), 2w (weeks), 1M (month). The lifetime resets at each successful token rotation (token_rotation_interval_minutes).
    login_maximum_inactive_lifetime_duration =

    # The maximum lifetime (duration) an authenticated user can be logged in since login time before being required to login. Default is 30 days (30d). This setting should be expressed as a duration, e.g. 5m (minutes), 6h (hours), 10d (days), 2w (weeks), 1M (month).
    login_maximum_lifetime_duration =

    # How often should auth tokens be rotated for authenticated users when being active. The default is each 10 minutes.
    token_rotation_interval_minutes = 10

    # Set to true to disable (hide) the login form, useful if you use OAuth
    disable_login_form = false

    # Set to true to disable the signout link in the side menu. useful if you use auth.proxy
    disable_signout_menu = false

    # URL to redirect the user to after sign out
    signout_redirect_url =

    # Set to true to attempt login with OAuth automatically, skipping the login screen.
    # This setting is ignored if multiple OAuth providers are configured.
    oauth_auto_login = false

    # OAuth state max age cookie duration in seconds. Defaults to 600 seconds.
    oauth_state_cookie_max_age = 600

    # limit of api_key seconds to live before expiration
    api_key_max_seconds_to_live = -1

    # Set to true to enable SigV4 authentication option for HTTP-based datasources
    sigv4_auth_enabled = false

    #################################### Anonymous Auth ######################
    [auth.anonymous]
    # enable anonymous access
    enabled = false

    # specify organization name that should be used for unauthenticated users
    org_name = Main Org.

    # specify role for unauthenticated users
    org_role = Viewer

    # mask the Grafana version number for unauthenticated users
    hide_version = false

    #################################### GitHub Auth #########################
    [auth.github]
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = user:email,read:org
    auth_url = https://github.com/login/oauth/authorize
    token_url = https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token
    api_url = https://api.github.com/user
    allowed_domains =
    team_ids =
    allowed_organizations =

    #################################### GitLab Auth #########################
    [auth.gitlab]
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = api
    auth_url = https://gitlab.com/oauth/authorize
    token_url = https://gitlab.com/oauth/token
    api_url = https://gitlab.com/api/v4
    allowed_domains =
    allowed_groups =

    #################################### Google Auth #########################
    [auth.google]
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_client_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email
    auth_url = https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth
    token_url = https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/token
    api_url = https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/userinfo
    allowed_domains =
    hosted_domain =

    #################################### Grafana.com Auth ####################
    # legacy key names (so they work in env variables)
    [auth.grafananet]
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = user:email
    allowed_organizations =

    [auth.grafana_com]
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = user:email
    allowed_organizations =

    #################################### Azure AD OAuth #######################
    [auth.azuread]
    name = Azure AD
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_client_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = openid email profile
    auth_url = https://login.microsoftonline.com/<tenant-id>/oauth2/v2.0/authorize
    token_url = https://login.microsoftonline.com/<tenant-id>/oauth2/v2.0/token
    allowed_domains =
    allowed_groups =

    #################################### Okta OAuth #######################
    [auth.okta]
    name = Okta
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = openid profile email groups
    auth_url = https://<tenant-id>.okta.com/oauth2/v1/authorize
    token_url = https://<tenant-id>.okta.com/oauth2/v1/token
    api_url = https://<tenant-id>.okta.com/oauth2/v1/userinfo
    allowed_domains =
    allowed_groups =
    role_attribute_path =

    #################################### Generic OAuth #######################
    [auth.generic_oauth]
    name = OAuth
    enabled = false
    allow_sign_up = true
    client_id = some_id
    client_secret =
    scopes = user:email
    email_attribute_name = email:primary
    email_attribute_path =
    login_attribute_path =
    role_attribute_path =
    id_token_attribute_name =
    auth_url =
    token_url =
    api_url =
    allowed_domains =
    team_ids =
    allowed_organizations =
    tls_skip_verify_insecure = false
    tls_client_cert =
    tls_client_key =
    tls_client_ca =

    #################################### Basic Auth ##########################
    [auth.basic]
    enabled = true

    #################################### Auth Proxy ##########################
    [auth.proxy]
    enabled = false
    header_name = X-WEBAUTH-USER
    header_property = username
    auto_sign_up = true
    # Deprecated, use sync_ttl instead
    ldap_sync_ttl = 60
    sync_ttl = 60
    whitelist =
    headers =
    enable_login_token = false

    #################################### Auth LDAP ###########################
    [auth.ldap]
    enabled = false
    config_file = /etc/grafana/ldap.toml
    allow_sign_up = true

    # LDAP backround sync (Enterprise only)
    # At 1 am every day
    sync_cron = "0 0 1 * * *"
    active_sync_enabled = true

    #################################### SMTP / Emailing #####################
    [smtp]
    enabled = false
    # host = 
    # user = 
    # If the password contains # or ; you have to wrap it with triple quotes. Ex """#password;"""
    # password =

    # cert_file =
    # key_file =
    # skip_verify = true
    # from_address = 
    # from_name = 
    # ehlo_identity =
    # startTLS_policy = OpportunisticStartTLS

    [emails]
    welcome_email_on_sign_up = false
    templates_pattern = emails/*.html

    #################################### Logging ##########################
    [log]
    # Either "console", "file", "syslog". Default is console and file
    # Use space to separate multiple modes, e.g. "console file"
    mode = console file

    # Either "debug", "info", "warn", "error", "critical", default is "info"
    level = info

    # optional settings to set different levels for specific loggers. Ex filters = sqlstore:debug
    filters =

    # For "console" mode only
    [log.console]
    level =

    # log line format, valid options are text, console and json
    format = console

    # For "file" mode only
    [log.file]
    level =

    # log line format, valid options are text, console and json
    format = text

    # This enables automated log rotate(switch of following options), default is true
    log_rotate = true

    # Max line number of single file, default is 1000000
    max_lines = 1000000

    # Max size shift of single file, default is 28 means 1 << 28, 256MB
    max_size_shift = 28

    # Segment log daily, default is true
    daily_rotate = true

    # Expired days of log file(delete after max days), default is 7
    max_days = 7

    [log.syslog]
    level =

    # log line format, valid options are text, console and json
    format = text

    # Syslog network type and address. This can be udp, tcp, or unix. If left blank, the default unix endpoints will be used.
    network =
    address =

    # Syslog facility. user, daemon and local0 through local7 are valid.
    facility =

    # Syslog tag. By default, the process' argv[0] is used.
    tag =

    #################################### Usage Quotas ########################
    [quota]
    enabled = false

    #### set quotas to -1 to make unlimited. ####
    # limit number of users per Org.
    org_user = 10

    # limit number of dashboards per Org.
    org_dashboard = 100

    # limit number of data_sources per Org.
    org_data_source = 10

    # limit number of api_keys per Org.
    org_api_key = 10

    # limit number of orgs a user can create.
    user_org = 10

    # Global limit of users.
    global_user = -1

    # global limit of orgs.
    global_org = -1

    # global limit of dashboards
    global_dashboard = -1

    # global limit of api_keys
    global_api_key = -1

    # global limit on number of logged in users.
    global_session = -1

    #################################### Alerting ############################
    [alerting]
    # Disable alerting engine & UI features
    enabled = true
    # Makes it possible to turn off alert rule execution but alerting UI is visible
    execute_alerts = true

    # Default setting for new alert rules. Defaults to categorize error and timeouts as alerting. (alerting, keep_state)
    error_or_timeout = alerting

    # Default setting for how Grafana handles nodata or null values in alerting. (alerting, no_data, keep_state, ok)
    nodata_or_nullvalues = no_data

    # Alert notifications can include images, but rendering many images at the same time can overload the server
    # This limit will protect the server from render overloading and make sure notifications are sent out quickly
    concurrent_render_limit = 5

    # Default setting for alert calculation timeout. Default value is 30
    evaluation_timeout_seconds = 30

    # Default setting for alert notification timeout. Default value is 30
    notification_timeout_seconds = 30

    # Default setting for max attempts to sending alert notifications. Default value is 3
    max_attempts = 3

    # Makes it possible to enforce a minimal interval between evaluations, to reduce load on the backend
    min_interval_seconds = 1

    # Configures for how long alert annotations are stored. Default is 0, which keeps them forever.
    # This setting should be expressed as an duration. Ex 6h (hours), 10d (days), 2w (weeks), 1M (month).
    max_annotation_age =

    # Configures max number of alert annotations that Grafana stores. Default value is 0, which keeps all alert annotations.
    max_annotations_to_keep =

    #################################### Annotations #########################

    [annotations.dashboard]
    # Dashboard annotations means that annotations are associated with the dashboard they are created on.

    # Configures how long dashboard annotations are stored. Default is 0, which keeps them forever.
    # This setting should be expressed as a duration. Examples: 6h (hours), 10d (days), 2w (weeks), 1M (month).
    max_age =

    # Configures max number of dashboard annotations that Grafana stores. Default value is 0, which keeps all dashboard annotations.
    max_annotations_to_keep =

    [annotations.api]
    # API annotations means that the annotations have been created using the API without any
    # association with a dashboard.

    # Configures how long Grafana stores API annotations. Default is 0, which keeps them forever.
    # This setting should be expressed as a duration. Examples: 6h (hours), 10d (days), 2w (weeks), 1M (month).
    max_age =

    # Configures max number of API annotations that Grafana keeps. Default value is 0, which keeps all API annotations.
    max_annotations_to_keep =

    #################################### Explore #############################
    [explore]
    # Enable the Explore section
    enabled = true

    #################################### Internal Grafana Metrics ############
    # Metrics available at HTTP API Url /metrics
    [metrics]
    enabled              = true
    interval_seconds     = 10
    # Disable total stats (stat_totals_*) metrics to be generated
    disable_total_stats = false

    #If both are set, basic auth will be required for the metrics endpoint.
    basic_auth_username =
    basic_auth_password =

    # Metrics environment info adds dimensions to the `grafana_environment_info` metric, which
    # can expose more information about the Grafana instance.
    [metrics.environment_info]
    #exampleLabel1 = exampleValue1
    #exampleLabel2 = exampleValue2

    # Send internal Grafana metrics to graphite
    [metrics.graphite]
    # Enable by setting the address setting (ex localhost:2003)
    address =
    prefix = prod.grafana.%(instance_name)s.

    #################################### Grafana.com integration  ##########################
    [grafana_net]
    url = https://grafana.com

    [grafana_com]
    url = https://grafana.com

    #################################### Distributed tracing ############
    [tracing.jaeger]
    # jaeger destination (ex localhost:6831)
    address =
    # tag that will always be included in when creating new spans. ex (tag1:value1,tag2:value2)
    always_included_tag =
    # Type specifies the type of the sampler: const, probabilistic, rateLimiting, or remote
    sampler_type = const
    # jaeger samplerconfig param
    # for "const" sampler, 0 or 1 for always false/true respectively
    # for "probabilistic" sampler, a probability between 0 and 1
    # for "rateLimiting" sampler, the number of spans per second
    # for "remote" sampler, param is the same as for "probabilistic"
    # and indicates the initial sampling rate before the actual one
    # is received from the mothership
    sampler_param = 1
    # sampling_server_url is the URL of a sampling manager providing a sampling strategy.
    sampling_server_url =
    # Whether or not to use Zipkin span propagation (x-b3- HTTP headers).
    zipkin_propagation = false
    # Setting this to true disables shared RPC spans.
    # Not disabling is the most common setting when using Zipkin elsewhere in your infrastructure.
    disable_shared_zipkin_spans = false

    #################################### External Image Storage ##############
    [external_image_storage]
    # Used for uploading images to public servers so they can be included in slack/email messages.
    # You can choose between (s3, webdav, gcs, azure_blob, local)
    provider =

    [external_image_storage.s3]
    endpoint =
    path_style_access =
    bucket_url =
    bucket =
    region =
    path =
    access_key =
    secret_key =

    [external_image_storage.webdav]
    url =
    username =
    password =
    public_url =

    [external_image_storage.gcs]
    key_file =
    bucket =
    path =
    enable_signed_urls = false
    signed_url_expiration =

    [external_image_storage.azure_blob]
    account_name =
    account_key =
    container_name =

    [external_image_storage.local]
    # does not require any configuration

    [rendering]
    # Options to configure a remote HTTP image rendering service, e.g. using https://github.com/grafana/grafana-image-renderer.
    # URL to a remote HTTP image renderer service, e.g. http://localhost:8081/render, will enable Grafana to render panels and dashboards to PNG-images using HTTP requests to an external service.
    server_url =
    # If the remote HTTP image renderer service runs on a different server than the Grafana server you may have to configure this to a URL where Grafana is reachable, e.g. http://grafana.domain/.
    callback_url =
    # Concurrent render request limit affects when the /render HTTP endpoint is used. Rendering many images at the same time can overload the server,
    # which this setting can help protect against by only allowing a certain amount of concurrent requests.
    concurrent_render_request_limit = 30

    [panels]
    # here for to support old env variables, can remove after a few months
    enable_alpha = false
    disable_sanitize_html = false

    [plugins]
    enable_alpha = false
    app_tls_skip_verify_insecure = false
    # Enter a comma-separated list of plugin identifiers to identify plugins that are allowed to be loaded even if they lack a valid signature.
    allow_loading_unsigned_plugins =
    marketplace_url = https://grafana.com/grafana/plugins/

    #################################### Grafana Image Renderer Plugin ##########################
    [plugin.grafana-image-renderer]
    # Instruct headless browser instance to use a default timezone when not provided by Grafana, e.g. when rendering panel image of alert.
    # See ICU’s metaZones.txt (https://cs.chromium.org/chromium/src/third_party/icu/source/data/misc/metaZones.txt) for a list of supported
    # timezone IDs. Fallbacks to TZ environment variable if not set.
    rendering_timezone =

    # Instruct headless browser instance to use a default language when not provided by Grafana, e.g. when rendering panel image of alert.
    # Please refer to the HTTP header Accept-Language to understand how to format this value, e.g. 'fr-CH, fr;q=0.9, en;q=0.8, de;q=0.7, *;q=0.5'.
    rendering_language =

    # Instruct headless browser instance to use a default device scale factor when not provided by Grafana, e.g. when rendering panel image of alert.
    # Default is 1. Using a higher value will produce more detailed images (higher DPI), but will require more disk space to store an image.
    rendering_viewport_device_scale_factor =

    # Instruct headless browser instance whether to ignore HTTPS errors during navigation. Per default HTTPS errors are not ignored. Due to
    # the security risk it's not recommended to ignore HTTPS errors.
    rendering_ignore_https_errors =

    # Instruct headless browser instance whether to capture and log verbose information when rendering an image. Default is false and will
    # only capture and log error messages. When enabled, debug messages are captured and logged as well.
    # For the verbose information to be included in the Grafana server log you have to adjust the rendering log level to debug, configure
    # [log].filter = rendering:debug.
    rendering_verbose_logging =

    # Instruct headless browser instance whether to output its debug and error messages into running process of remote rendering service.
    # Default is false. This can be useful to enable (true) when troubleshooting.
    rendering_dumpio =

    # Additional arguments to pass to the headless browser instance. Default is --no-sandbox. The list of Chromium flags can be found
    # here (https://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches/). Multiple arguments is separated with comma-character.
    rendering_args =

    # You can configure the plugin to use a different browser binary instead of the pre-packaged version of Chromium.
    # Please note that this is not recommended, since you may encounter problems if the installed version of Chrome/Chromium is not
    # compatible with the plugin.
    rendering_chrome_bin =

    # Instruct how headless browser instances are created. Default is 'default' and will create a new browser instance on each request.
    # Mode 'clustered' will make sure that only a maximum of browsers/incognito pages can execute concurrently.
    # Mode 'reusable' will have one browser instance and will create a new incognito page on each request.
    rendering_mode =

    # When rendering_mode = clustered you can instruct how many browsers or incognito pages can execute concurrently. Default is 'browser'
    # and will cluster using browser instances.
    # Mode 'context' will cluster using incognito pages.
    rendering_clustering_mode =
    # When rendering_mode = clustered you can define maximum number of browser instances/incognito pages that can execute concurrently..
    rendering_clustering_max_concurrency =

    # Limit the maximum viewport width, height and device scale factor that can be requested.
    rendering_viewport_max_width =
    rendering_viewport_max_height =
    rendering_viewport_max_device_scale_factor =

    # Change the listening host and port of the gRPC server. Default host is 127.0.0.1 and default port is 0 and will automatically assign
    # a port not in use.
    grpc_host =
    grpc_port =

    [enterprise]
    license_path =

    [feature_toggles]
    # enable features, separated by spaces
    enable =

    [date_formats]
    # For information on what formatting patterns that are supported https://momentjs.com/docs/#/displaying/

    # Default system date format used in time range picker and other places where full time is displayed
    full_date = YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss

    # Used by graph and other places where we only show small intervals
    interval_second = HH:mm:ss
    interval_minute = HH:mm
    interval_hour = MM/DD HH:mm
    interval_day = MM/DD
    interval_month = YYYY-MM
    interval_year = YYYY

    # Experimental feature
    use_browser_locale = false

    # Default timezone for user preferences. Options are 'browser' for the browser local timezone or a timezone name from IANA Time Zone database, e.g. 'UTC' or 'Europe/Amsterdam' etc.
    default_timezone = browser

grafana-deployment.yml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: grafana
  labels:
    app: grafana
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: grafana
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: grafana
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: grafana
        image: grafana/grafana:7.3.7
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3000
          name: http
        env:
        - name: GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_USER
          value: admin
        - name: GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD
          value: admin
        readinessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 10
          httpGet:
            path: /api/health
            port: 3000
            scheme: HTTP
          initialDelaySeconds: 60
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 30
        livenessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          httpGet:
            path: /api/health
            port: 3000
            scheme: HTTP
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 1
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 300m
            memory: 1024Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 300m
            memory: 1024Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/grafana
          subPath: grafana
          name: storage
        - name: grafana-ini		# 掛載configmap
          mountPath: /etc/grafana/grafana.ini
          subPath: grafana.ini		# 一定要以subPath掛載,否則會覆蓋整個目錄,而非單個grafana.ini文件
      securityContext:
        runAsNonRoot: true
        runAsUser: 472
        runAsGroup: 0
      volumes:
      - name: storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: grafana-pvc-test
      - name: grafana-ini  # configmap grafana-config
        configMap:
          name: grafana-config
          items:
          - key: grafana.ini
            path: grafana.ini

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: grafana
  labels:
    app: grafana
spec:
  type: LoadBalancer
  ports:
    - port: 3000
      targetPort: http
      name: http
  selector:
    app: grafana
kubectl get po
NAME                                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
grafana-68d48688b-j4pcw                  1/1     Running   0          2m14s

搞定,午飯加個大雞腿

經測試,雲服務商沒有此問題,創建並掛載pvc即可,也能使用自帶SQLite,所以應該是本地nfs服務權限配置問題

參考代碼:https://gitee.com/garf-ge/grafana-persistent

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