{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"譯者注"},{"type":"text","text":"：在中國，“脫離”甲骨文，是被迫的行爲，因爲國家層面在推動去 IOE（IBM 的小型機、Oracle 的數據庫、EMC 的存儲），減少高新技術行業對國外的依賴。但是國產替代品一方面其性能、可靠性還不足以完全取代，另一方面由於兼容性、風險控制的原因，替代也是長期逐步進行時。無獨有偶，國外大廠也在嘗試“脫離”甲骨文，早在十年前，IBM 就曾發起過“破甲行動”。最近幾年，亞馬遜、Salesforce 等正在開發自己的數據庫，以脫離甲骨文。這是怎麼回事呢？儘管甲骨文在傳統領域仍然有穩定性和性能上的優勢，但是它的問題也特別的多。歸根到底，是甲骨文落後於時代太多，不能適應現在的業務場景，維護和運行成本又很高，而且不可控，出問題只能找甲骨文解決。本文作者給出了“脫離”甲骨文的思路。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"越來越多的組織向我們表達了這種願望。有時候會成爲一個很無聊的問題。但這只是一半的願望。很明顯，組織們已經不再需要一樣東西了，但是他們還沒有明確表示他們需要什麼。我們在此追求什麼？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"那麼甲骨文（Oracle）究竟意味着什麼？甲骨文擁有廣泛的產品組合，當然也是一家公司，一種業務關係。我們是否應該撤掉所有的產品，並斷絕與甲骨文的一切聯繫？求助者是否完全不知道他們的公司正在使用該供應商的產品？很明顯，這樣的操作需要相當大的成本、精力和風險，是否有一些商業案例？正如我們作爲架構師所被問及的所有問題，我們必須理解請求的背景和真正的目的，因此我們將提出一個“權力問題”：爲什麼？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在本文中，我們先來看一下想要脫離甲骨文的原因。接下來，我們將描述“甲骨文”一詞所代表的內容——在各個級別的技術棧和不同的業務領域中，有 2000 多種產品。最終，我們將會描述出“脫離”的含義：定義你要“遷移”的地方，然後實際去那裏。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"如果你對當前的 IT 現狀不滿意，那麼就很清楚了，爲什麼你應該考慮放棄甲骨文或者其他廠商的技術。你需要專注於實際問題和目標，併爲你的實際需要制定適當的路線圖。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲什麼（脫離甲骨文）？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"這種請求幫助脫離甲骨文的背後原因，通常是甲骨文公司代表的行爲。強硬的、短期的銷售行爲、對客戶成功（與所收購的甲骨文產品有關）有限的明顯興趣、持續的溝通中斷，以及來自許可證管理服務（License Management Service，LMS）的意想不到的、大量增加成本的裁決，以及無法理解的價格結構變化，這些因素的組合阻礙了許多甲骨文客戶的發展。高價格的支持組織的認知價值下降，以及僱傭 ACS 來實際解決問題的額外成本，也是不利的。甲骨文似乎經常被認爲是僵化、生硬、利用客戶的依賴性和誤導性的傲慢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“跟一個這樣對待你的利害關係人一起，你就別想做生意了。畢竟，他們的產品並沒有那麼特別。”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"和許多供應商一樣，當然也不比其他供應商遜色，甲骨文也熱衷於推出新產品，停產現有產品，有時產品生命週期短得驚人，而且也不總是關注現有客戶的清晰遷移路徑。甲骨文的產品團隊通常是嚴格地從他們自己的背景出發，而不會在與客戶一起構建的歷史和由客戶構建的歷史方面承擔太多的協調和責任。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"惱怒是差勁的顧問。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"儘管在許多情況下，惱怒是很容易理解的，但是這本身並不能迅速地爲類似的情況提供一個合理的商業理由，從而擺脫甲骨文（產品）或其他供應商的產品。正如恐懼、不確定和懷疑一樣，惱怒也是一種不好的引導。但這有理由讓人惱火，這會給商業關係蒙上一層陰影，同時也是對這段關係進行批判性評價的原因。但這類評估應採用商業和技術原因，而不是情緒化的反應來完成。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"有些事情可以而且應該去做。與任何其他關係一樣，與對方交談並討論這些問題會對所有相關方都有幫助。無論是否是由甲骨文合作伙伴和 \/ 或其他甲骨文客戶共同參與，與甲骨文組織進行認真的對話，都有可能有助於消除誤解或惱怒。如果不能對備選方案或商業案例進行適當的分析，僅憑直覺作出情緒化的反應，脫離甲骨文（技術和供應商），則可能導致更壞的結果。退後一步，深呼吸，儘可能客觀地評價形勢，這總是更好的選擇。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續技術評估"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"對組織所使用的技術棧進行定期評估是一種良好的實踐，它應該產生一個更新的路線圖，其中包括一箇中期計劃，以便加以鞏固、嚴格控制或淘汰，並用可行的備選方案來取代。要注意的是，繼續使用一個組件和選擇替代它一樣，都是一項決策。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"這類定期審查可防止組織採用和維護已不安全的技術，或在市場支持不足時可能承擔更多的責任，從而增加了依賴供應商的風險，也增加了維護、操作和開發成本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"因爲市場壓力和業務不斷變化，IT 應該提供一個方法來應對這些壓力。這也是對架構和技術棧以及它們仍然提供創新功能的能力進行持續評估的另一個原因。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“在我的新雲裏沒有舊垃圾。”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"很多組織都特別想要重新考慮技術堆棧，這就需要制定雲策略。到了重新審視 IT 領域已經建立很久的產品（這當然也適用於 SAP、微軟或 IBM 等），並將其淘汰的時候了。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"成本高昂"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"談到成本問題時，我們有時會遇到另一場關於甲骨文的爭論：“成本（太）高”。這個聽起來可能沒有那麼感情用事，但是它仍然是很主觀的。“昂貴”是一種判斷，它反映了成本和收入之間的關係，也就是"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"與現實的替代方案相比較"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"昂貴"},{"type":"text","text":" ="}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（運營成本 + 管理成本 + 維護成本） > 收入"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"||"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（甲骨文解決方案的運營成本 + 管理成本 + 維護成本）>> （同等替代棧的成本）"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"當然，可以想象，現有的基於甲骨文的解決方案的成本要高於它所產生的業務效益，或者高於替代解決方案的成本。要是這樣，遷移的成本就可以收回來，這看起來就是將特定的應用脫離甲骨文的最好理由。注意：現有的基於甲骨文的解決方案可能太大，這會產生額外的成本，而這些成本可以通過減少運行時環境的規模而得以降低。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"假如你用今天的技術，就像 15 年前的老版本一樣，你會得到 15 年前的成果（而 15 年的創新並沒有讓你受益）。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 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也是如此）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"儘管甲骨文目前的環境功能很差，而且價格並不便宜，但是可以想像，如果使用同樣的產品，比如更有效、更好的使用，就會有很好的效果。甲骨文的開發者和管理員們使用了 2020 年的技術，就像他們使用 2010 年甚至 1995 年的技術一樣。雲計算進一步加快了技術創新的速度：每隔一季或者更短的時間就會發布新的功能和更好的機制。對當前技術能力的更好理解，以及對更現代的軟件交付和軟件操作管理的過程設計，能夠帶來實質性的、令人驚訝的結果改進。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"路線圖對所有技術組件和與之一起創建的系統來說都是非常重要的，一個前進的方向。6R 模型描述了可以考慮的各種方向：退役（Retire）、保留（Retain）、重新託管（Rehost）、重構（Refactor）與重新架構（Rearchitect）、重新平臺（Replatform）和重新購買（Repurchase）。簡單的說就是：告別、保留（可能還有現代化）、帶到新的環境（通常是雲端）、現代化和改進（在同一基礎上進行翻新）、用新選擇的平臺組件重建、用標準解決方案替換。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 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"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Lucas Jellema，荷蘭 AMIS 解決方案架構師、首席技術官。甲骨文 ACE 總監、革新者大使、JavaOne 搖滾明星和程序員。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"https:\/\/medium.com\/real-vox\/what-if-companies-say-help-me-move-away-from-oracle-ffbbc95afc4f"}]}]}
甲骨文ACE總監：你真的能做到“去Oracle”嗎？
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"譯者注"},{"type":"text","text":"：在中國，“脫離”甲骨文，是被迫的行爲，因爲國家層面在推動去 IOE（IBM 的小型機、Oracle 的數據庫、EMC 的存儲），減少高新技術行業對國外的依賴。但是國產替代品一方面其性能、可靠性還不足以完全取代，另一方面由於兼容性、風險控制的原因，替代也是長期逐步進行時。無獨有偶，國外大廠也在嘗試“脫離”甲骨文，早在十年前，IBM 就曾發起過“破甲行動”。最近幾年，亞馬遜、Salesforce 等正在開發自己的數據庫，以脫離甲骨文。這是怎麼回事呢？儘管甲骨文在傳統領域仍然有穩定性和性能上的優勢，但是它的問題也特別的多。歸根到底，是甲骨文落後於時代太多，不能適應現在的業務場景，維護和運行成本又很高，而且不可控，出問題只能找甲骨文解決。本文作者給出了“脫離”甲骨文的思路。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"越來越多的組織向我們表達了這種願望。有時候會成爲一個很無聊的問題。但這只是一半的願望。很明顯，組織們已經不再需要一樣東西了，但是他們還沒有明確表示他們需要什麼。我們在此追求什麼？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"那麼甲骨文（Oracle）究竟意味着什麼？甲骨文擁有廣泛的產品組合，當然也是一家公司，一種業務關係。我們是否應該撤掉所有的產品，並斷絕與甲骨文的一切聯繫？求助者是否完全不知道他們的公司正在使用該供應商的產品？很明顯，這樣的操作需要相當大的成本、精力和風險，是否有一些商業案例？正如我們作爲架構師所被問及的所有問題，我們必須理解請求的背景和真正的目的，因此我們將提出一個“權力問題”：爲什麼？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在本文中，我們先來看一下想要脫離甲骨文的原因。接下來，我們將描述“甲骨文”一詞所代表的內容——在各個級別的技術棧和不同的業務領域中，有 2000 多種產品。最終，我們將會描述出“脫離”的含義：定義你要“遷移”的地方，然後實際去那裏。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"如果你對當前的 IT 現狀不滿意，那麼就很清楚了，爲什麼你應該考慮放棄甲骨文或者其他廠商的技術。你需要專注於實際問題和目標，併爲你的實際需要制定適當的路線圖。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲什麼（脫離甲骨文）？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"這種請求幫助脫離甲骨文的背後原因，通常是甲骨文公司代表的行爲。強硬的、短期的銷售行爲、對客戶成功（與所收購的甲骨文產品有關）有限的明顯興趣、持續的溝通中斷，以及來自許可證管理服務（License Management Service，LMS）的意想不到的、大量增加成本的裁決，以及無法理解的價格結構變化，這些因素的組合阻礙了許多甲骨文客戶的發展。高價格的支持組織的認知價值下降，以及僱傭 ACS 來實際解決問題的額外成本，也是不利的。甲骨文似乎經常被認爲是僵化、生硬、利用客戶的依賴性和誤導性的傲慢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“跟一個這樣對待你的利害關係人一起，你就別想做生意了。畢竟，他們的產品並沒有那麼特別。”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"和許多供應商一樣，當然也不比其他供應商遜色，甲骨文也熱衷於推出新產品，停產現有產品，有時產品生命週期短得驚人，而且也不總是關注現有客戶的清晰遷移路徑。甲骨文的產品團隊通常是嚴格地從他們自己的背景出發，而不會在與客戶一起構建的歷史和由客戶構建的歷史方面承擔太多的協調和責任。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"惱怒是差勁的顧問。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"儘管在許多情況下，惱怒是很容易理解的，但是這本身並不能迅速地爲類似的情況提供一個合理的商業理由，從而擺脫甲骨文（產品）或其他供應商的產品。正如恐懼、不確定和懷疑一樣，惱怒也是一種不好的引導。但這有理由讓人惱火，這會給商業關係蒙上一層陰影，同時也是對這段關係進行批判性評價的原因。但這類評估應採用商業和技術原因，而不是情緒化的反應來完成。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"有些事情可以而且應該去做。與任何其他關係一樣，與對方交談並討論這些問題會對所有相關方都有幫助。無論是否是由甲骨文合作伙伴和 \/ 或其他甲骨文客戶共同參與，與甲骨文組織進行認真的對話，都有可能有助於消除誤解或惱怒。如果不能對備選方案或商業案例進行適當的分析，僅憑直覺作出情緒化的反應，脫離甲骨文（技術和供應商），則可能導致更壞的結果。退後一步，深呼吸，儘可能客觀地評價形勢，這總是更好的選擇。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續技術評估"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"對組織所使用的技術棧進行定期評估是一種良好的實踐，它應該產生一個更新的路線圖，其中包括一箇中期計劃，以便加以鞏固、嚴格控制或淘汰，並用可行的備選方案來取代。要注意的是，繼續使用一個組件和選擇替代它一樣，都是一項決策。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"這類定期審查可防止組織採用和維護已不安全的技術，或在市場支持不足時可能承擔更多的責任，從而增加了依賴供應商的風險，也增加了維護、操作和開發成本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"因爲市場壓力和業務不斷變化，IT 應該提供一個方法來應對這些壓力。這也是對架構和技術棧以及它們仍然提供創新功能的能力進行持續評估的另一個原因。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“在我的新雲裏沒有舊垃圾。”"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"很多組織都特別想要重新考慮技術堆棧，這就需要制定雲策略。到了重新審視 IT 領域已經建立很久的產品（這當然也適用於 SAP、微軟或 IBM 等），並將其淘汰的時候了。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"成本高昂"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"談到成本問題時，我們有時會遇到另一場關於甲骨文的爭論：“成本（太）高”。這個聽起來可能沒有那麼感情用事，但是它仍然是很主觀的。“昂貴”是一種判斷，它反映了成本和收入之間的關係，也就是"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"與現實的替代方案相比較"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"昂貴"},{"type":"text","text":" ="}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（運營成本 + 管理成本 + 維護成本） > 收入"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"||"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（甲骨文解決方案的運營成本 + 管理成本 + 維護成本）>> （同等替代棧的成本）"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"當然，可以想象，現有的基於甲骨文的解決方案的成本要高於它所產生的業務效益，或者高於替代解決方案的成本。要是這樣，遷移的成本就可以收回來，這看起來就是將特定的應用脫離甲骨文的最好理由。注意：現有的基於甲骨文的解決方案可能太大，這會產生額外的成本，而這些成本可以通過減少運行時環境的規模而得以降低。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"假如你用今天的技術，就像 15 年前的老版本一樣，你會得到 15 年前的成果（而 15 年的創新並沒有讓你受益）。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/dc\/dc017dad892d1b63c1477cfb3a8583cf.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"企業想要經常擺脫的東西往往是一個複雜的方面，它阻礙業務創新，並增加 IT 成本；甲骨文在很多情況下都是這種混合的一部分（IBM、微軟、SAP 也是如此）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"儘管甲骨文目前的環境功能很差，而且價格並不便宜，但是可以想像，如果使用同樣的產品，比如更有效、更好的使用，就會有很好的效果。甲骨文的開發者和管理員們使用了 2020 年的技術，就像他們使用 2010 年甚至 1995 年的技術一樣。雲計算進一步加快了技術創新的速度：每隔一季或者更短的時間就會發布新的功能和更好的機制。對當前技術能力的更好理解，以及對更現代的軟件交付和軟件操作管理的過程設計，能夠帶來實質性的、令人驚訝的結果改進。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 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