又一個技術風口來了

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從市場的反響和反饋的程度看，低代碼已經成了一個新晉風口。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數字化轉型提速有了新“武器”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數字化轉型浪潮下，低代碼成爲加速企業數字化轉型升級的一條新捷徑。與此同時，企業數字化轉型需求的不斷攀升，也帶動低代碼市場加速增長。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有業內人士認爲，2021年將會是“低代碼年”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Gartner預測，2021年全球低代碼開發技術市場總額將達到138億美元，比2020年增長22.6％。其中，低代碼應用平臺將是未來三年低代碼開發市場的最大組成部分，2021年，其市場總額將達到58億美元，比2020年增長30%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另據諮詢機構Forrester的分析師預測，2021年將有75%的企業軟件採用低代碼技術構建。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"騰訊云云開發產品中心副總監王倩近日在接受InfoQ採訪時表示，低代碼對企業數字化轉型價值巨大。企業做數字化轉型，需投入大量人力、物力和時間成本。而應用低代碼開發後，這些成本都可以節省下來，把更多精力投入到核心業務和應對激烈的市場競爭中去。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數字化轉型體現在兩個方面，一是先信息化再數字化再智能化，現在大多數企業上雲用低代碼做信息化，以實現降本增效的目的。另一方面是線上互聯網的營銷化。如小程序、H5這類公域和私域流量的運營，對企業業務擴展、線上獲客助益頗多。低代碼與雲計算的結合，在提供信息化能力之外，還能提供其他能力，如營銷能力，爲企業提供更多價值。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"正是看到了低代碼開發龐大的市場需求和行業前景，騰訊雲在低代碼開發領域不斷加大布局。今年1月15日，騰訊雲微搭 WeDa 低代碼平臺正式開啓公測，預計將於3月下旬正式上線。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"利用微搭 WeDa 低代碼平臺，開發者通過行業化模板、拖放式組件和可視化配置，能快速構建出小程序、H5、Web等多端應用。用戶只需創建一次，便可實現多端發佈。基於低碼平臺，即便是編碼水平較低的用戶，也可快速打造一個小程序\/H5\/網頁。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩介紹， 騰訊雲微搭低代碼平臺從0-1搭建起來，具備兩大核心技術："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一，低代碼本身是對開發語言的規範，其中一點是抽象的應用描述語言。騰訊雲微搭對每一個應用都有JSON規範描述，描述整個應用結構的頁面組件及如何寫整個GS邏輯。這本身是高度抽象的設計，對開發人員、平臺的底層技術能力有很高要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二，跨平臺框架的實現。一套代碼生成多端，傳統的實現方式類似於uniapp，另一種是通過編譯解決，把編譯器的JSON轉化成目標平臺的原生語言，這也是一個技術難點。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"騰訊雲微搭 WeDa 平臺以雲開發作爲底層支撐，通過雲原生能力將應用搭建的全鏈路打通。騰訊云云數據庫、雲函數、雲存儲等一系列既有基礎設施，保障了開發團隊快速構建出一套低代碼平臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前騰訊雲開發底層有100多萬開發者，已是成熟的開發平臺，因此基於平臺再向上延伸搭建低代碼開發平臺就水到渠成，把上層業務組件、對象模型封裝好後，便能對外提供一個應用性較高的平臺。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼開發定位：能解決80%通用場景的問題"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"騰訊雲微搭 WeDa 平臺能支撐企業 OA 搭建、知識管理平臺、企業門戶等企業級應用系統搭建，也可支撐預約、報名、打卡等運營類小程序及年會抽獎、遊戲互動等廣告營銷類型應用的構建。同時，平臺還可支撐研發技術中臺的打造，助力服務商構建快速批量生成小程序。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微搭低代碼平臺還能作爲底層技術底座，行業客戶和服務商可將微搭平臺與自有研發平臺集成，從而構建具有特定行業屬性的低碼平臺進行對外服務，如騰訊政務低碼 WeApps 和工業低碼等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微搭低代碼平臺是一個開放的平臺，定位類似技術中臺。外部開發者可以把自己的組件，按照低代碼平臺的規範，把組件庫接到平臺上，通過拖拽生成很快生成一個應用，這樣就把低代碼變成了爲自己團隊服務的低代碼平臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"企業可以有選擇的接入騰訊雲微搭平臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果要做全新的增量應用，可以選擇將所有數據後臺的服務託管在低代碼平臺。如果原有H5的應用，只想做小程序的端，業務邏輯會做微調，騰訊提供了外部數據源的方式，把原有系統的API接口通過HTTP API接口的形式接入到微搭低代碼平臺，然後通過小程序直接對接，靈活性很強。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩表示，現階段低代碼平臺在場景應用中的一個難點是，理論上能通過代碼開發解決的都是能夠解決的，而不是在企業客戶選擇時，客戶會認爲平臺本身的存量服務、後端的服務和代碼可以不用代碼來解決。騰訊雲微搭低代碼平臺就正在探索如何提供更好的方式與企業後臺已有的數據系統做兼容，以使後者在儘量少改當前代碼的情況下，通過低代碼做增量的應用和服務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一種觀點認爲，低代碼平臺目前只能解決一些簡單的業務場景，而無法應對那些大規模複雜多變的業務場景。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對此王倩並不認同，“低代碼本身的定位是，能解決80%的通用場景的問題，對於那些極端複雜的需求，我認爲不應該用低代碼來解決。因爲某種程度上，通用性強就意味着靈活性差，二者相輔相成。極端複雜的場景無法抽象出一個通用的模式去套用應用定製性高的部分。針對極端複雜場景，一個可行的技術解決方案是，將項目底層能夠通用化的部分，採用低代碼平臺拖拽式開發，針對特殊的業務，可將低代碼平臺作爲開發工具，然後寫邏輯代碼，兩者結合來用”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩覺得要用發展的眼光來看這個問題。隨着低代碼本身的發展，未來應用的領域會更多，如低代碼未來會AI結合，與IoT硬件設備結合，覆蓋越來越多的業務場景。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現階段，低代碼對於傳統的行業，如工業、製造業，汽車能源等數字化程度比較差的傳統行業有非常大的應用潛力，這部分增量市場對低代碼是剛需。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品和商業模式還不夠成熟"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在市場參與者方面，國內做低代碼平臺的公司，既有大的雲廠商、傳統的垂直服務商，也有創業團隊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"未來，低代碼市場的規模盤子也不小。有數據顯示，未來低代碼市場規模在幾十億美元甚至上百億美元左右。市場很大，且本身可分爲很多細分領域，每個市場參與者都能找到自己的存活空間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不過現階段，國內低代碼平臺的整體成熟度總體偏低，目前還沒有出現一種很成熟的商業模式，這種商業模式能真正跑起來，且受到市場的認可，品牌認知度夠強。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在國外，有一兩家在垂直行業屬性比較強的廠商，如Mendix，因爲做的時間比較久，認知度較高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩介紹，國內的低代碼開發廠商，業內存在兩種主流的商業模式。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一種是賺項目實施的錢，做低代碼工具+實施團隊打包，做項目的交付，獲得項目分成。這種商業模式還有待驗證，目前來看也許可行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另一種是，把低代碼平臺整體賣給某一家公司，有些公司想自建低代碼平臺，但覺得成本高，就乾脆買一個自己用，或者低代碼平臺的開放性比較好，在上面接入自己的一些技術中臺的能力，把它結合起來，爲我所用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前看，作爲實施工具的模式，較受服務商認可。王倩表示，騰訊目前兩種方式都在採用。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼“乾死”外包 ？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"許多企業會找外包公司做定製軟件開發，低代碼熱度攀升後，業內有人擔憂低代碼平臺會對"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"IT服務外包行業帶來威脅，甚至可能會“乾死”外包。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩反倒認爲，低代碼對IT軟件外包行業的影響並沒有想象中那麼大。很多企業需要軟件開發服務，需要有人能響應需求併爲之提供優質服務。考慮到人力、資金等成本，企業一般不會選擇自建應用。因此，需要定製軟件開發的企業和IT外包公司之間的服務關係並不會消失，只是服務的內容和形態會發生變化。低代碼平臺出現後，效率提升進而令服務費用降低，企業可以花更少的錢獲得更高質量的應用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"傳統企業的IT部門人員規模、技術能力、資源缺乏，企業往往會把精力和最好的資源精力投入到核心業務上去。將非核心業務外包出去，對企業是更有競爭力的選擇，如果企業能把這筆賬算清楚的話，它會發現外包的收益更大。因此王倩認爲，企業不會因爲低代碼本身的出現，就減輕對外包的依賴。且短時間內，企業外包的策略不會變化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其實，反過來低代碼還可以給外包團隊賦能，原來的外包是項目交付制，每個項目要從頭開始，有了低代碼平臺後，這些組件和邏輯可以沉澱下來。這樣一來，外包的效率就可以提升，人力成本下降了，項目總量也會增加。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在已經有一些苗頭出現。不少外包公司，尤其是大的外包團隊或服務商，他們希望構建低代碼平臺爲自己提效，它可以選擇自建或者採用現成的平臺。根據王倩觀察，有些公司想自建但一直因成本問題猶豫，採用現成的平臺是多數外包公司的選擇，因爲沒必要重複造輪子。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼和IT外包是分層級的關係，低代碼會成爲外包公司或服務商做項目實施的工具。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這裏需要明確的一個概念是，低代碼本身是一個工具，而人是具有創新力的。如果低代碼的定位是一個工具，兩者本身的衝突性就弱了很多。有廠商認爲，做定製化軟件開發，需要有低代碼平臺+實施團隊，這個實施團隊某種意義上是一個外包團隊，因爲它真正對接企業需求，是做需求到業務到技術架構的映射的一方。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩告訴InfoQ，對數字化轉型的企業來說，如果從性價比角度考慮，最便宜的方式是採用IT外包，用低代碼平臺做實時工具做交付，因爲人力成本是最貴的因素，低代碼工具能把人力的時間和數量降下來。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前騰訊雲微搭 WeDa 低代碼平臺所服務的客戶羣體裏面，部分是需要數字化轉型的企業，部分是IT外包公司。王倩表示，現在大部分傳統企業對低代碼的認知還在早期階段，傳統的找外包，以項目制的方式來做交付仍佔大部分。可見的變化是，一些企業的CIO已經認識到低代碼的概念與趨勢，他們在不斷試探的過程中，看低代碼到底能幫助他們解決哪些問題，這都還需要一段時間驗證。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼開發是程序員“自己革自己的命”？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與傳統手工編碼模式相比，低碼平臺能夠免去大部分重複性的代碼編寫工作，大幅降低開發門檻大幅，提升效率。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼開發模式下，軟件開發的質量也會進一步提升。傳統的軟件開發模式，底層基礎庫的升級、平臺不兼容、版本間存在差異等會帶來質量問題，低代碼平臺對軟件開發質量進行各個維度的把控，提供從開發測試到上線一體化的流程，保證應用、開發、測試等各個環節生命週期的質量。平臺還提供灰度版本，上線前做APP測試，減少傳統開發模式下因人爲因素帶來的線上事故，從機制上避免了低級錯誤的產生。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼平臺主要面向兩類人羣 — 初級開發者和小白羣體。對於專業的開發者，其可以用低代碼平臺讓自己從簡單重複的技術勞動工作中解放出來，將組件封裝到平臺上，既可以開放出來給用戶使用，也可以基於此開發類似的項目，或利用平臺加速自己項目的效率。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"小白羣體的需求本身存在，但因爲缺乏資源和資金做專業的項目開發，需求被暫時“壓抑”了。他們可以基於低代碼平臺已有的模板和業務組件構建一些簡單的應用，這部分市場是一個待開發的增量市場。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼讓編碼水平低或者不具備編碼能力的人有了編碼能力，人人都成爲開發者。不過有人因此擔心以後低代碼發展起來後，會搶走程序員的飯碗，更有甚者認爲，這是程序員在自己“革”自己的命。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“程序員核心的價值在於對技術架構設計理念的把握、對業務模型的理解和抽象，自主創新等能力，這些人的主觀能動性能力，不會因爲一個工具的產生就失去了。低代碼本身是一個好的開發工具，未來它還能進化成一個更好的開發工具。現在來看，程序員並沒有失業，需求會越來越多，這是技術的進步，我覺得程序員倒不用擔心自己的‘飯碗’會被搶”，王倩說。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"業內對於低代碼開發平臺還存在一些質疑，一些開發人員並不喜歡使用低代碼平臺，他們認爲，低代碼開發平臺不好用，難維護，比使用高代碼方式更慢...."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於這些質疑，王倩認爲是開發模式和開發習慣的問題，一般當程序員習慣了一種開發工具後，再重新上手另一種開發工具會覺得不適應。尤其是對於一些高級開發者來說，他們不太喜歡被平臺的規則和規範所約束。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼平臺進行高級的抽象和封裝後，某種意義上會損失一些靈活性，因爲它是用通用的抽象模式來解決大部分場景的問題，這對初級開發者和小白用戶比較友好和有價值，但對高級開發人員，這個點很難打動他們。中高級開發者上手使用低代碼平臺，有一個慢慢培養和接受的過程。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在維護方面，低代碼平臺本身有約束規則，更利於新人接手。低代碼提供了雲端的環境，以及更規範的生命週期管理，即便團隊人員經歷更迭，對新人進來後的後期維護性更友好。低代碼平臺整個架構和組件分層，對客戶提供定製化需求的更改響應度更好，也更適合多人協作，如果不從個人而從整體團隊宏觀的角度看，整體利大於弊。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"新風口的炙熱與虛火"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼並不是一個新概念。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼很早就出現了。最早在90年代就有低代碼，包括MS可視化的輔助編程、網頁形式可視化拖拽生成HTML 等形式。但當時的低代碼和現在的低代碼區別很大，它並不是面向深度研發，解決的是研發某一類的問題，與業務結合並不深入，也不是前後端一體的企業級數據化解決方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由着這個苗頭，慢慢演進到了現在的形式。近兩年興起的低代碼或無代碼本身解決企業數字化轉型的痛點，它既解放前端又解放後端，解決了研發資源、人力貴的問題。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此前低代碼似乎一直處於默默無聞的狀態，近期，低代碼突然火了，關注度陡然攀升，越來越多的廠商尤其是大廠相繼入局這個賽道。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"低代碼突然火起來的原因是多方面的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一方面，在剛剛過去的一年多時間裏，疫情黑天鵝對於企業組織管理和技術開發工作帶來了一定的衝擊和重塑。特殊的環境促使企業管理者增加了對低代碼的認知度，企業管理者也被“教育了”，他們逐漸意識到在辦公約束的條件下，必須要上雲進行數字化轉型，如何將轉型的成本降到最低，引發了對這個問題解法的討論。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨着雲計算時代的來臨，企業上雲的需求增加，加之疫情和數字化結合的迫切程度，人力逐漸變貴了，在這種情況下，低代碼非常自然的成爲了一個好的解法。無論是企業本身的信息化，還是TO C 端的數據化營銷，都是企業在這個時代必須有的競爭力。藉助低代碼，企業能夠提升整體的運營效率，節省人力成本，提升業務質量。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"政策也給低代碼行業的發展帶來了利好。國家發展新基建的大環境下，政府本身有監管的訴求，政府希望上雲後將企業數據收集到一起做數據分析，對企業更好發揮長臂監管的作用。王倩介紹，在某些地方產業園區，政府甚至承擔一部分費用幫助企業做數字化轉型。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"多重利好之下，從市場的反響和反饋的程度看，現在低代碼已經成了一個新晉風口。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不容忽視的是，低代碼熱度被捧高的背後，存在不少虛火的成分。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一些垂直領域的服務商廠商包括傳統的服務商，原先並不是做低代碼的，但因爲想蹭熱度，一夜之間給自己貼上了低代碼的標籤，對外宣稱自己做低代碼。但貼上低代碼標籤後，給客戶的服務能力、服務質量如何，總歸需要經過檢驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其實，低代碼並不是簡單想做就能做的，搭建一套低代碼平臺的門檻很高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩表示，要把後端一套雲基礎設施建立起來，需要很強的技術積累。整個雲計算環境，質量安全、性能體驗，並不是一朝一夕，一個創業團隊花幾個月時間就能很快搭建起來的，即便搭起來了可能只是一個皮或是一個殼。後端的壁壘也很高，看似能把應用很快搭建起來，後臺的安全性可靠性得需要再深入才能衡量質量到底怎麼樣。目前一些做低代碼的創業團隊缺乏深厚的底層積累。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"客觀來講，企業對低代碼開發的需求是真實存在的。只不過代碼產品本身提供的能力和體驗，決定了它能解決多少類的問題和解決問題的程度。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"關於低代碼的未來，有人認爲它會是下一場技術革命，對此王倩認爲，目前低代碼還在演進的過程中，“革命”的概念未免有些太大了，稱之爲“企業轉型整合解決方案”更爲準確。“未來，低代碼確實是企業轉型整合的一個好的解決方案，把所有云上的能力做集中釋放，對外輸出整體的數字化智能方案。低代碼是一個新型的開發平臺，是新的模式、底層上的創新”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"關於低代碼本身是什麼，業內已經有了一定的認知。還要經過產品體驗，經過實踐的驗證，才能知曉，低代碼未來能夠走多遠。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"採訪嘉賓介紹："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王倩，騰訊云云開發產品中心副總監、騰訊雲微搭WeDa低代碼平臺負責人。歷經多個產品總0到1到億級流量的歷程，早期負責過智能小程序基礎庫和開發工具等產品，關注業界前沿技術和工程化實踐，目前主要關注低代碼、Serverless、雲原生、雲開發等跨端跨平臺的雲端一體化解決方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}