蘋果的M1 芯片可能只是英特爾“噩夢”的開始

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年，蘋果推出了首款電腦定製處理器：M1 芯片，類似於 iPhone 和 iPad 中的 A 系列處理器，只支持兩款設備：2020 年底推出的 MacBook Air 和 MacBook Pro。但"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2021\/02\/12\/intel-evo-vs-apple-m1-macbook-campaign\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英特爾仍然惶恐不安"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，爲了讓全世界相信，M1 MacBook 無法與運行在英特爾硬件上的 Windows 10 筆記本電腦相抗衡，它展開了一場聲勢浩大的廣告宣傳活動。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/5e\/27\/5eaeb9e180c0000f062266c2f48c9027.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這場"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2021\/03\/19\/intel-vs-m1-macbooks-ads-failure-youtube\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"宣傳活動有些考慮不周"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，因其失誤"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2021\/03\/21\/intel-vs-apple-pc-vs-mac-battery-life\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"招致了批評"}]},{"type":"text","text":"和嘲笑。配備 M1 芯片的 Macbook 提供了強大的性能和卓越的續航時間，而 M1 是基於英特爾不具備的芯片技術構建的。假如要說有什麼區別的話，那就是這場宣傳活動將更多的注意力引向了 ARM 處理器在筆記本和臺式機領域的潛力。而英特爾的 ARM“夢魘”纔剛剛開始。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在爲電腦開發定製芯片的公司中，蘋果是其中之一。數年前，高通公司在爲安卓智能手機和平臺電腦設計的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2018\/10\/18\/galaxy-book-2-release-date-specs-and-price-official\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"曉龍（Snapdragon）平臺"}]},{"type":"text","text":"上提供了對筆記本電腦的支持。雖然它們的速度不如 M1 MacBooks，但是它們提供了出色的續航能力。通過推出"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2018\/12\/07\/qualcomm-snapdragon-8cx-specs-and-features-unveiled\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"定製的 8cx 平臺"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，高通繼續爲 Windows 10 設備升級 ARM 芯片。微軟推出了自己的 Surface 筆記本電腦，使用 ARM 芯片。英特爾從未與這些設備展開過競爭，因爲它們的性能都無法超越搭載英特爾芯片的競爭對手。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而，M1 芯片提高了門檻，迫使所有其他公司加入競爭。據傳，谷歌正在"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2021\/03\/22\/pixel-6-rumors-custom-google-soc-servers\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲 Pixel 手機開發自己的 SoC"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。Pixelbook 和其他硬件可以使用該芯片的變種。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2021\/01\/19\/samsung-exynos-chip-for-windows-10-vs-apple-m1\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"預計三星也將"}]},{"type":"text","text":"發展 M1 的競爭對手。三星最新已經在 Exynos 產品線上進行了 2100 系列的升級，毫無疑問，它正在尋求對未來的安卓設備芯片的改進。此外，三星過去也曾推出過"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2018\/10\/18\/galaxy-book-2-release-date-specs-and-price-official\/?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用高通芯片的 Windows 硬件"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。對於一家迅速追隨蘋果步伐的公司來說，爲 Windows 10 筆記本電腦生產自己的 ARM 芯片也可能被提上日程。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但高通尚未公佈的 8cx 平臺剛剛出現在基準測試中，卻是最好的跡象，它表明 M1 是英特爾最無需擔心的芯片。在 Geekbench 數據庫中"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.notebookcheck.net\/Possible-Qualcomm-Snapdragon-8cx-Gen-3-hits-Geekbench-with-better-scores-than-modern-Intel-processors-but-it-is-no-match-for-the-Apple-M1.528833.0.html?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"發現"}]},{"type":"text","text":"了一個"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/browser.geekbench.com\/v5\/cpu\/7062554?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高通參考設計（Qualcomm Reference Design，QRD）平臺"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，被認爲驍龍第 3 代 8cx SoC 的版本。成績表明，性能比先前設計有顯著提高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"驍龍 8cx 候選產品搭載了 8 個高性能核心，但只有 4 個在最高速度下工作。高通可以進一步調整最終產品的性能，但在單核測試中，現有參考設計比第 1 代 8cx 快 35%，比第 2 代 8cx 快 24%。M1 芯片在單核測試中的成績比第 2 代 8cx 高出 74%，AMD 和英特爾處理器也擊敗了高通的新設計。M1 的性能也超過了這些芯片。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/7c\/28\/7c89c9a50d306980a581e939b6753728.jpg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"泄露的高通曉龍第 3 代 8CX 平臺與包括英特爾、AMD 和蘋果在內的其他筆記本芯片之間的基準測試和規格比較。圖片來源：Tom's Hardware"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更爲有趣的是，第 3 代候選者的多核性能幾乎可以與英特爾第 11 代酷睿 i7 Tiger Lake 移動芯片相媲美。"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.com\/news\/qualcomm-next-gen-snapdragon-8cx-benchmarked?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Tom's Hardware 整理了上面的對比"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，列出了各種芯片的性能和規格。Geekbench 分數並不能說明全部問題，實際性能可能會有所不同，但是高通有足夠的時間來提高時鐘速度，甚至在需要的時候提高熱負荷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"即使今年無法與 M1 相提並論，但新的 8cx 可能會帶來比以往更快的 Windows 10 體驗。結合出色的電池續航能力，對於英特爾來說，ARM 上的 Windows 可能會變成比 M1 更大的問題。不要忘記，英特爾甚至無法與蘋果和高通正在合作的芯片技術相匹敵。Tiger Lake 芯片是 10nm 芯片，而 M1 是基於 5nm 製程打造，與蘋果 A14 Bionic 芯片一樣。驍龍第 2 代 8cx 則是 7nm SoC。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所有這些都解釋了爲什麼英特爾試圖通過瞄準蘋果的 M1，讓 ARM 芯片看起來很糟糕。更多的設備製造商可能很快就會考慮高通等公司的 ARM 產品，用於他們的新設備上。微軟將是其中一員，因爲該公司將在未來"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.windowscentral.com\/surface-pro-x-sq2-review?fileGuid=NyFtcuX1JEwPYKXw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"繼續升級"}]},{"type":"text","text":"Surface Pro X。同時微軟也在嘗試改進 ARM 上的 Windows 體驗。你可以理解英特爾爲何如此恐慌。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"作者介紹："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Chris Smith，科技寫手，科技愛好者。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/bgr.com\/2021\/03\/24\/intel-vs-arm-qualcomm-snapdragon-8cx-gen-3-benchmarks\/"}]}]}