如何快速重構萬級TPS銀行交易核心應用

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"傳統銀行業務系統代碼臃腫、模塊顆粒大、開發效率低、新業務，新功能上線週期長。隨着互聯網金融創新日出，業務量迅速提升，當前IT技術架構面臨極大壓力和風險。銀行主動實施架構轉型，面向互聯網場景的主要信息系統遷移至微服務架構的雲計算平臺是大勢所趨。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4月25日，在華爲開發者大會2021（Cloud）期間，深圳海付移通科技有限公司項目開發中心總經理胡軍分享了主題爲《基於華爲雲 構建萬級TPS銀行核心應用》的演講。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"暢銷書作家、著名金融機構資深顧問布萊特·金（Brett King）根據銀行的發展歷程，把銀行分爲4個階段：1.0時代銀行服務離不開物理網點，客戶一定要到銀行裏面，銀行的人員提供服務是全手動操作；2.0時代銀行開始引入計算機處理業務，通過ATM、POS、網銀，銀行服務渠道得以被優化；3.0移動支付階段，通過智能手機，客戶可以在任何時間、地點操作現金以外的業務；2017年，開始進入銀行4.0，這時候銀行開始引入一些新的技術，像AI、AR\/VR、大數據、區塊鏈等，讓銀行的服務無處不在，不依附某個具體金融產品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡軍表示，如今我們正處在3.0向4.0過度階段。金融系統上雲，底層基礎設施雲化是核心技術架構的演進趨勢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"銀行核心系統技術架構演進之路"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡軍根據自己的一些經歷，把銀行核心系統技術架構總結成幾個階段趨勢：最開始是大型機架構，接着是小型機架構、X86架構，隨着芯片性能越來越強大，後來出現了虛擬化架構（把計算機虛擬成一個資源池，通過資源池裏的機器分配資源），再後面是容器化架構（Docker）、Cloud Native架構（Cloud Native階段存在一個問題，應用和做服務治理的軟件混合到一塊，當底層的服務框架做升級改造之後，整個服務系統都要做重新的升級，對開發的速度和發佈速度會有影響），現在則是Service Mesh架構階段。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨着ICT技術不斷進步，推動應用架構不斷演進，應用架構經歷了單體架構、3層架構、垂直分層架構、SOA架構和微服務架構等階段。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近幾年用得最多的是微服務，微服務架構的優點是可以把一個大的系統拆分成無數個小系統，讓系統的問題變得簡單化。利於團隊內部做分工，也降低了新人學習的門檻，並且微服務架構的擴展性非常強。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從目前的情況來看，不管是互聯網金融還是銀行核心系統，微服務架構是當前被廣泛採用的應用架構。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"互聯網核心架構"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近幾年第三方支付發展迅猛，銀行的業務越來越難以去開展。客戶首先是通過第三方支付來做業務，另外銀行的業務的經營模式也變了，以前是銀行等客戶來上門，現在更多的是說銀行要跟產業聯盟，來做合作去達成共贏。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"銀行傳統的核心不能滿足新的互聯網業務的發展需求。現在銀行一般都會做雙核驅動架構，一個是傳統的老的核心，處理櫃面業務，另外是互聯網核心系統，基於互聯網去開展業務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"新的互聯網核心面臨着高安全、高可靠、高性能和低成本等方面的技術挑戰。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/db\/a9\/db640550d47ebc969df84c033181f7a9.jpeg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡軍展示了目前做的互聯網核心系統的總體架構設計，基於雲的X86架構實現，採用微服務架構。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/51\/4c\/51237fc4b67c74fb9423454fa4f8c74c.jpeg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"互聯網核心應用架構是分層架構，整個系統跑在華爲雲K8S上面。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/eb\/d2\/eb19def333f1d413656c18f37c470fd2.jpeg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"整體部署架構是基於雙核架構，和傳統銀行的兩地三中心有所不同。AZ1和AZ2同時對外提供服務，通過DNS做負載均衡。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/c9\/6e\/c9d3a9ab4ab46e4abf70c422635e3a6e.jpeg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用到的華爲技術組件關鍵特性"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"胡軍介紹了搭建互聯網核心系統時使用到的華爲技術組件，包括DTM、Kafka、集成DCS分佈式緩存組件等等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DTM是分佈式交易管理系統。華爲DTM具備高可靠分佈式事務處理能力，跨微服務事務、跨庫事務管理、支持多數據源、非侵入式事務、TCC事務、事務監控、高TPS事務處理能力及數據分析等功能場景，滿足企業核心業務數據（如交易數據）的一致性需求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/12\/35\/12f20591c6f479ea3898df7d5f95dd35.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align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