受缺水缺電影響，傳臺積電在大陸投資187億元擴產

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"有消息稱，因臺灣易缺水缺電，臺積電要將產能遷至南京廠。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"傳臺積電砸 187 億元在南京擴產"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"據臺灣經濟日報報道，由於臺灣易缺水缺電，臺積電在 4 月 22 日召開的臨時董事會上宣佈，公司將投入 28.87 億美元（約 187 億元人民幣）資本支出擴充成熟製程，但未公佈擴產的地點。不過稍早前有市場消息稱，臺積電此次的擴產地點爲江蘇省南京市。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"報道稱，臺積電計劃將一部分臺灣廠的 12 英寸 28nm 以下成熟型製程產線移至南京廠，擴增南京廠的產能。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前，南京廠月產能爲 2 萬片，製程技術以 12nm 及 16nm 爲主。若臺積電將 187 億元預算全部用於南京廠擴產，則預計在 2023 年中旬，南京廠月產能有望達到 4 萬片。這意味着，南京廠產能擴增了一倍。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"值得一提的是，在今年 1 月份召開的法人說明會上，臺積電董事長劉德音提及，臺積電南京廠區目前還在一期，當地擴充會依據需求來增加產能。而稍早前，臺積電總裁魏哲家也提到，對南京廠擴產是依客戶需求與經濟情勢而定。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"資料顯示，2015 年，臺積電決定到南京投資建廠。南京廠曾打破臺積電多項記錄，包括從動土到進機只花了 14 個月，成爲臺積電建廠最快、上線最快、最美的廠區。臺積電財報數據顯示，南京廠於 2019 年扭虧爲盈，2020 年，南京廠實現盈利 27 億元人民幣。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"不過對於南京擴產消息，臺積電方面表示，公司不評論市場傳聞，產能規劃以公開信息爲主。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"臺灣經濟部稱，臺積電長期以臺灣爲中心深度佈局，該公司在臺灣的投資腳步沒有放緩、只有加快，且投資的都是最先進的製程。目前，臺積電整體產能分佈於臺灣佔比約達 9 成。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"產能激增，臺積電也有“甜蜜”煩惱"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"過去兩年來，中美之間的貿易和技術緊張關係凸顯了臺灣在全球供應鏈中的重要性，尤其作爲全球最大晶圓代工廠的臺積電，在這次全球性的芯片短缺危機中，恐成爲大贏家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"旺盛需求帶動下，臺積電正在積極實施產能擴張計劃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"去年 11 月，臺積電南科舉行 3 納米新建工程上樑典禮，3 納米廠房基地面積約 35 公頃，潔淨室面積超過 16 萬平方公尺，約 22 座標準足球場大小，預計 2022 年下半年開始量產。臺積電的目標是在 3 納米進入量產時，月產 12 英寸晶圓超 60 萬片。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"據悉，即便在今年春節期間，臺積電在臺南的 3 納米廠房基地也並沒有放假，仍在緊鑼密鼓建設中。日經新聞援引一位熟悉臺積電擴張計劃的行業高管的說法稱，臺積電爲在春節假期期間上班的工人發放每天約 145 美元的額外獎金，這至少是一線工人日均工資的 2 倍。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"同月，臺積電宣佈將在美國亞利桑那州設立全資子公司，預計 2024 年投產。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"今年 1 月 14 日，臺積電董事長劉德音表示，臺積電計劃在中國內地擴大產能。一個月後，有消息稱，臺積電正在計劃在日本東京建立研發中心，並考慮在日本設立新公司。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2020 年，臺積電資本支出爲 172.4 億美元。另有消息稱，臺積電將在未來 3 年投資 1000 億美元用於建廠和研發，將擴大先進節點 3nm、4nm\/5nm 和 6nm\/7nm 的生產能力。據瞭解，臺積電 3nm、4nm 工藝有望在 2022 年實現，而 2nm 工藝技術正在發展之中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"全球缺芯背景下，儘管訂單激增，臺積電目前的產能也面臨着一定壓力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"半導體制造不僅需要數十億美元的工廠和大量的智能設備，還需要水。芯片製造商在整個生產過程中使用水來清潔晶圓，同時保持工廠和內部空氣的清潔。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"數據顯示，2019 年臺積電日用水量爲 15.6 萬噸\/天。在北方的生產基地，該公司佔該地區每日供應的 10.3%。而由於新工廠需要更高的“工藝清潔度”，臺積電 2019 年用水量超出目標。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前，臺灣正是最乾旱的季節。2 月 23 日，臺積電證實，新竹、臺中、臺南各科學園區臺積電廠區部分啓動水車供水。臺積電強調，現階段啓動水車供水，除補充部分用水量外，另一重點用途是壓力測試。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"臺積電稱，目前供水機制大部分維持正常，只有部分廠區啓動水車供水機制，因此對運作沒有影響。至於水車供水會持續多久，會視天氣狀況決定。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"此外有消息稱，受臺灣 4 月 14 日發生的電力中斷事故影響，臺積電損失 10 億元臺幣（約合 2.3 億元人民幣）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"至於本次南京擴產傳聞是否與臺灣當地易斷水斷電有關，臺積電方面未明確迴應。根據臺灣經濟日報報道，有業界認爲，臺積電在南京若有擴充，就是看好市場的擴產計劃，與水情無關。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"參考鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/money.udn.com\/money\/story\/12926\/5407919","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/money.udn.com\/money\/story\/12926\/5407919"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/skrYAWdQUklsx3aIHsof","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/skrYAWdQUklsx3aIHsof"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}