云链结合，区块链服务BaaS平台实践与应用

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对于大多数关注应用开发的企业来说，无需深入了解区块链底层技术、也无需在底层技术上投入太多资源去“重复造轮子”，采用BaaS服务，并在其之上搭建业务应用是企业的理想选择。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"腾讯云区块链服务平台TBaaS"},{"type":"text","text":"，于2017年正式推出并实现商业化，发展至今已落地众多应用案例，获得业界多项专业认证与奖项。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"云计算，在十多年前还是概念普及阶段的名词，企业进行尝试性的业务上云，去证明它是否可以成本降低，是否可以得到更大生产效率的提高。在初期发展过程中，企业花了很多时间逐渐的尝试与适应。这个跟区块链初期发展阶段是比较相似的，直到今天，云已被各行各业广泛认可并普及应用。进入数字经济时代，云已成为数字经济的一个最重要的基础设施。云在数字经济时代也已成为企业IT基础设施最重要的一部分。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"继2019年10月24日习近平总书记在中共中央政治局第十八次集体学习时强调：“要把区块链作为核心技术自主创新的重要突破口”，2020年4月，国家发改委将区块链纳入“新基建”范围，同云计算、人工智能一起列为新技术基础设施。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/89\/89e3b13acd3d4bb0863bf77017616a8d.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"区块链，作为跨产业数字生态的连接器，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"是数字经济时代另一个重要的基础设施"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同云计算技术相比，云计算为企业提供了便利的数字化转型技术，而区块链则是为企业提供了企业间协作，数据可信交换的信息基础设施。区块链作为一种能够有效的将企业间的信息系统可靠可信的链接起来的技术，将在数字经济时代发挥极其重要的作用，特别是区块链具备的资产数字化的能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当然，区块链技术本身是需要和其他更多技术集合在一起应用的，因为区块链有其局限性，单单靠区块链在很多时候，很难完成一个完整业务，区块链需要和云上大量的其他技术结合在一起，才能解决用户问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以，我们提出一个很重要的理念——“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"云链结合"},{"type":"text","text":"”，把云上大量工具、大量能力比如IoT，大数据，人工智能等赋予区块链，和区块链结合在一起，真正去解决用户的问题，同时也降低用户使用区块链的成本，提升开发效率。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“云链结合”的典型服务，即为区块链BaaS（Blockchain as a Service）服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"国际上，从2015年开始到2018年，微软，IBM，AWS等互联网巨头相继发布基于云服务的区块链基础服务平台BaaS型产品，同期，中国国内，包括腾讯，阿里，华为也相继发布BaaS服务。随着BaaS行业国际\/国内标准逐步的形成，大型的区块链服务BaaS平台已成为发展趋势，BaaS平台可以帮助多个企业快速构建企业级联盟链网络，企业间可直接进行链上交互，成为数字经济时代的基石。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"腾讯云区块链团队在2017年推出了BaaS平台型产品——TBaaS（Tencent Blockchain as a Service）。TBaaS平台让企业以更低的成本上链，实现快速构建区块链网络与应用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"腾讯云区块链服务TBaaS平台推广之初，明确宗旨是为企业客户提供 高效、易用、安全、弹性的区块链服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在打造TBaaS的过程中，我们克服了多项技术难点，包括交易性能、网络规模等等。同时，我们也从多维度去开拓思路，从场景、方案、合约开发，运营治理等方面实现创新落地。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/1e\/1e5a49cfafdc38c7b51621da32446c5d.webp","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":"br"}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以上是腾讯云区块链服务TBaaS平台产品能力全景图。最底层是腾讯云基础设施层，包括云服务器、网络、存储、集群管理与自动化运维在内的资源与服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中间是TBaaS服务平台最核心的功能部分，包括区块链底层链引擎，如Hyperledger Fabric腾讯云增强版引擎，区块链网络全生命周期的管理，体现了分层治理模式，如联盟管理（联盟治理层）、区块链网络管理（基于不同底层引擎封装的网络治理层）与单链条的管理（网络中子链的管理），以及TBaaS配套服务、运营监控与开发相关支持等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"例如在智能合约方面，TBaaS服务平台为开发者提供线上的智能合约编辑器，在线IDE为开发者基于简单的业务场景提供了智能合约模版，使得开发者更好的理解智能合约，在IDE中更方便的调试、编译、执行智能合约。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最上层是基于TBaaS区块链基础设施实践的行业应用，包括可信存证（至信链）、电子票据（财政票据）、供应链金融（融资易）、智慧城市建设（招投标平台）、智慧建筑（混凝土区块链平台）、公益慈善等一系列行业应用方向。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在企业逐渐拥抱区块链技术的当下，BaaS服务平台如何进一步服务好企业，企业又如何应用BaaS服务平台？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从技术服务商的角度去看，BaaS服务平台是为企业提供一个快速组建联盟链网络、管理链的平台工具。可以看到，目前各大云服务厂商所提供的BaaS服务，都是利用云服务基础设施的部署和管理优势，为开发者提供便捷、高性能的区块链网络实例和生态配套服务，支持开发者基于BaaS服务开展业务拓展及运营支持。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"换个角度，从单一企业去看，即持有节点的一个个参与方，企业更关心什么？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"企业可能会参与到多个业务中（即多条区块链中），它持有不同的节点参与到不同业务，在企业的视角之下，企业更关心它持有的节点如何管理好，是否高可用，高安全，够灵活，是否可以实现持有的节点和其他组织节点跨地域跨云甚至跨链的互联互通，实现更大规模的企业间协作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这里给到我们一个启示："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"BaaS服务平台需要足够灵活，让持有节点的企业更好的管理节点，更灵活的与其他企业组织组网，节点互联"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基于这个启示，腾讯云区块链TBaaS服务平台，设计并实现多企业间节点的灵活互联，使得多套TBaaS控制台跨云跨域互联，最终让持有节点的企业可以灵活地与其他组织组网互联。同时，为打破区块链孤立性，实现更大规模的企业间协作，腾讯云区块链跨链通信方案也已实现。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/0f\/0f0203b680960bf828b0f258d9874406.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对于大多数关注应用层开发的企业，BaaS服务的推出，无疑是非常利好的信号，可以看到，在腾讯云TBaaS平台土壤中，也开出了许多企业应用之花。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在众多区块链应用案例中，分享一个有趣的创新型案例：利用区块链做动产质押登记融资的案例。我们来看下，在传统行业中，企业是怎么应用区块链BaaS服务并产生价值的，同时，从这样一个案例中，希望大家可以发现区块链技术和其他技术充分结合后所产生的价值。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/6d\/6d359930885e38b8e966657b87c29c21.png","alt":"Image","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上图是仓单质押融资业务场景核心流程，仓单质押融资是指，在贸易金融或供应链金融中，贸易企业通过质押仓单给金融机构的方式，获得融资服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以上融资场景存在于现实的金融业务中，但实际的问题也暴露无疑：因金融机构依赖企业主体信用融资的风险逻辑，在供应链链条中，中小企业因天然的主体信用资质不足（这里包括如优秀的集团强信用担保，良好的财务报表，不动产抵押等），使得他们面临着融资难融资贵的问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何破局，解决信用资质不足的问题？对于中小企来说，须要基于“控货“形成一整套的融资解决方案，这里所说的“控货”就是中小企业手上质押货物，实打实的东西，但在现实生产活动中，动产底层可信设施缺乏导致的风险事件频发（如“一物多抵”现象等），使得中小企对动产确权融资诉求十分迫切，金融机构如何信任中小企，质押货物与贸易真实性如何保证成为了当务之急。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"orig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- 微信公众号 [ID：QcloudCommunity]"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"转载：著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。"}]}]}