前言
用了一天多時間完成。最初 passenger-install-apache2-module 好幾次都沒有到編譯那一步，提示還有依賴項沒有安裝好，其中一個似乎是找不到源，後用"使用passenger 代替puma/thin等作爲rails的WEB服務器"的方法解決。
使用passenger 代替puma/thin等作爲rails的WEB服務器
Install
Gemfile 中增加
在Gemfile.local中不行，WHY?
gem "passenger", ">= 5.3.2", require: "phusion_passenger/rack_handler"
shell:
$ bundle install # samxiao @ rails in ~/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile on git:master x [15:38:26] C:130 $ passenger -v Phusion Passenger(R) 6.0.8 # samxiao @ rails in ~/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile on git:master x [15:38:32] $ bundle exec passenger -v Phusion Passenger(R) 6.0.8
運行
# samxiao @ rails in ~/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile on git:master x [15:38:39]
$ rails s passenger -b 0.0.0.0
Warning: the running version of Bundler (2.1.2) is older than the version that created the lockfile (2.1.4). We suggest you to upgrade to the version that created the lockfile by running `gem install bundler:2.1.4`.
=> Booting Passenger application server
=> Rails 5.2.5 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
/var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.5/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/stack.rb:37: warning: Using the last argument as keyword parameters is deprecated; maybe ** should be added to the call
/var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/actionpack-5.2.5/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:111: warning: The called method `initialize' is defined here
=============== Phusion Passenger(R) Standalone web server started ===============
PID file: /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/tmp/pids/passenger.3000.pid
Log file: /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/log/passenger.3000.log
Environment: development
Accessible via: http://0.0.0.0:3000/
You can stop Phusion Passenger(R) Standalone by pressing Ctrl-C.
Problems? Check https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/admin/standalone/troubleshooting/
===============================================================================
執行$ sudo passenger-install-apache2-module 有錯按提示操作，直到成功
--------------------------------------------
Almost there!
Please edit your Apache configuration file, and add these lines:
LoadModule passenger_module /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/passenger-6.0.8/buildout/apache2/mod_passenger.so
<IfModule mod_passenger.c>
PassengerRoot /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/passenger-6.0.8
PassengerDefaultRuby /usr/bin/ruby2.7
</IfModule>
After you restart Apache, you are ready to deploy any number of web
applications on Apache, with a minimum amount of configuration!
Press ENTER when you are done editing.
--------------------------------------------
Validating installation...
* Checking whether this Passenger install is in PATH... ✓
* Checking whether there are no other Passenger installations... ✓
* Checking whether Apache is installed... ✓
* Checking whether the Passenger module is correctly configured in Apache... ✓
Everything looks good.
注意這一步的以下內容：
LoadModule passenger_module /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/passenger-6.0.8/buildout/apache2/mod_passenger.so
<IfModule mod_passenger.c>
PassengerRoot /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/passenger-6.0.8
PassengerDefaultRuby /usr/bin/ruby2.7
</IfModule>
是放在2個文件（passenger.load, passenger.conf）中，見後。
服務器端執行
$ sudo a2ensite rails36597.conf $ sudo a2enmod passenger $ sudo systemctl restart apache2
配置文件如下：
apache2虛擬主機/etc/apache2/sites-available/rails-exp36597.conf
# Listen 8051
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin admin@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/rails597/public
# ServerName baidu.com
# ServerName localhost
# ServerName 192.168.175.89
ServerName 10.82.99.89
ServerAlias rails36597.qz www.rails36597.qz 36597.qz
SetEnv SECRET_KEY_BASE "0123456789abcdef"
# RailsBaseURI /redmine
# RailsEnv production
RailsEnv development
<Directory /var/www/html/rails597/public>
AllowOverride all
Options -MultiViews
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
apache2 passenger配置
# samxiao @ rails in /etc/apache2/sites-available [21:03:28] $ cat /etc/apache2/mods-available/passenger.load # LoadModule passenger_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_passenger.so LoadModule passenger_module /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/passenger-6.0.8/buildout/apache2/mod_passenger.so # samxiao @ rails in /etc/apache2/sites-available [21:03:39] $ cat /etc/apache2/mods-available/passenger.conf # LoadModule passenger_module /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/passenger-6.0.8/buildout/apache2/mod_passenger.so <IfModule mod_passenger.c> PassengerRoot /var/lib/gems/2.7.0/gems/passenger-6.0.8 PassengerDefaultRuby /usr/bin/ruby2.7 </IfModule>
/var/www/html/rails597
# samxiao @ rails in /var/www/html [21:04:30] $ l total 28K drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K May 6 18:11 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K May 5 18:18 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2.2K Feb 17 14:34 db.php -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11K Feb 14 18:06 index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Feb 17 09:40 info.php lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Feb 17 08:53 phpmyadmin -> /usr/share/phpmyadmin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 47 May 6 18:11 rails597 -> /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 May 5 08:30 xsz-1 -> /home/samxiao/www-xsz-exp1
rails應用路徑
# samxiao @ rails in ~ [21:05:58] $ l /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile total 96K drwxrwxr-x 14 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 5 17:21 . drwxrwxr-x 4 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 5 08:29 .. drwxrwxr-x 10 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 2 09:04 app drwxr-xr-x 2 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 2 09:07 bin drwxrwxr-x 5 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 4 21:32 config -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 130 May 2 09:04 config.ru drwxrwxr-x 3 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 5 20:55 db -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 2.3K May 5 15:46 Gemfile -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 5.3K May 5 15:34 Gemfile.lock drwxrwxr-x 8 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 4 21:32 .git -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 695 May 2 09:04 .gitignore -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 193 May 5 14:52 index.html.bak drwxrwxr-x 4 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 2 09:04 lib drwxrwxr-x 2 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 5 15:35 log -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 74 May 2 09:04 package.json drwxrwxrwx 2 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 6 18:10 public -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 227 May 2 09:04 Rakefile -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 374 May 2 09:04 README.md -rw-rw-r-- 1 samxiao samxiao 10 May 2 09:04 .ruby-version drwxrwxr-x 2 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 2 09:04 storage drwxrwxr-x 9 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 2 09:04 test drwxrwxr-x 6 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 2 09:41 tmp drwxrwxr-x 2 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 2 09:04 vendor # samxiao @ rails in ~ [21:06:08] $ l /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/public total 24K drwxrwxrwx 2 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 6 18:10 . drwxrwxr-x 14 samxiao samxiao 4.0K May 5 17:21 .. -rwxrwxrwx 1 samxiao samxiao 1.7K May 2 09:04 404.html -rwxrwxrwx 1 samxiao samxiao 1.7K May 2 09:04 422.html -rwxrwxrwx 1 samxiao samxiao 1.6K May 2 09:04 500.html -rwxrwxrwx 1 samxiao samxiao 0 May 2 09:04 apple-touch-icon.png -rwxrwxrwx 1 samxiao samxiao 0 May 2 09:04 apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png -rwxrwxrwx 1 samxiao samxiao 0 May 2 09:04 favicon.ico -rwxrwxrwx 1 samxiao samxiao 98 May 2 09:04 robots.txt
Windows 2019 c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts 文件增加以下內容
192.168.175.89 36597.qz 192.168.175.89 rails36597.qz 192.168.175.89 www.rails36597.qz
chrome: 以下URL都可以訪問
http://www.rails36597.qz/http://36597.qz/http://rails36597.qz/
以下不能訪問：
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由 Sam XIAO 更新於 37 分鐘 之前
由$ systemctl status apache2
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-05-06 21:15:43 CST; 1min 3s ago
Docs: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/
Process: 226221 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/apachectl start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Tasks: 45 (limit: 2247)
Memory: 183.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
├─226283 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─226286 Passenger watchdog
├─226293 Passenger core
├─226307 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─226308 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─226309 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─226310 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─226311 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─226482 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─226866 Passenger AppPreloader: /var/www/html/rails597
├─226929 Passenger RubyApp: /var/www/html/rails597 (development)
└─226976 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
- 配置不正確時至少沒有下面2行：
├─226866 Passenger AppPreloader: /var/www/html/rails597
├─226929 Passenger RubyApp: /var/www/html/rails597 (development)
重要注意事項
- 軟連接很重要:
rails597 -> /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/不能寫成rails597 -> /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/public, 然後虛擬主機配置文件rails-exp36597.conf中的相關2行改爲
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/rails597/ . . . <Directory /var/www/html/rails597/>
這種改法是不等效的。
原因應該是:
passenger要使用DocumentRoot /var/www/html/rails597/public的父目錄作爲passenger與rails的“通信”操作
-
當
rails597 -> /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/時， 即：
/var/www/html/rails597是/home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/的軟連接。
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/rails597/public的父目錄爲/var/www/html/rails597/, 這是一個軟連接，即：/home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/ -
當
rails597 -> /home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/public時， 即：
/var/www/html/rails597 是/home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/public的軟連接。DocumentRoot /var/www/html/rails597/
此時的父目錄爲/var/www/html/而不是期望的/home/samxiao/exp-rails/depot-exp-rails5-agile/`
環境信息
- Ubuntu 20.04.2LTS server
- Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu) Server built: 2020-08-12T19:46:17
- Phusion Passenger(R) 6.0.8
- ruby 2.7.0p0 (2019-12-25 revision 647ee6f091) [x86_64-linux-gnu]
-
Rails 5.2.5
遇到過的坑記錄
參考
apache2 虛擬主機VirtualHost配置，自定義域名訪問
apache服務器安裝以及使用passenger插件部署rails應用，基於ubuntu 12.04 LTS
Working with the Apache configuration file