從“雲化”到“雲原生化”，雲原生 2.0的三把尖刀

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生 2.0 時代，如何走上“雲原生化”的快車道？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨着雲原生技術的成熟、市場需求的升級以及企業雲上應用的普及，雲計算的發展也會步入新的階段。根據中國信通院的調查數據：現階段已有 9% 的用戶雲原生相關投入已佔總 IT 投入的一半以上，其中容器技術的採納程度超過 30%，60% 以上的用戶已在生產環境中應用容器技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自 2020 年 11 月 20 日，繼業界首次提出雲原生 2.0 的概念後，華爲雲陸續發佈一系列重磅新品，全棧雲原生能力在持續演進，持續引領雲原生技術發展趨勢。5 月 20 日，華爲雲 TechWave 雲原生 2.0 專題日線上舉行，中國信通院雲大所云計算部副主任陳屹力會上表示：“雲原生價值已被企業廣泛接受，企業 IT 投入在逐漸向雲原生傾斜。2019 年中國雲原生市場規模已達 350 億元，雲原生技術正在加速向垂直行業滲透。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/77\/77fa8a0547c43ee82f683bc8bf2e613b.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國信通院雲大所云計算部副主任陳屹力發表演講"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本次專題日，華爲云云原生各技術領域專家，深度分享了雲原生產業領先技術和新雲原生企業智能升級豐富實踐，並首次提出雲原生 2.0 八大架構原則，具體包括：容器化原則、分佈式原則、微服務化原則、Serverless 原則、Service Mesh 架構原則、DevSecOps 原則、聲明式 API 原則和可觀測性原則，爲企業智能升級提供架構設計參考，加速企業實現資源高效、應用敏捷、業務智能、安全可信和極致體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/56\/5604bb0aa438bed1db5f4d9dad9e1b03.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"華爲雲首席產品官方國偉介紹雲原生 2.0 八大架構原則"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從“雲化”到“雲原生化”，我們如何邁入雲原生 2.0 時代？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生 2.0 的本質就是企業要完成從“雲化”到“雲原生化”的轉變。企業要從單純將系統搬遷上雲，轉變爲 IT 架構完全基於雲原生，業務系統生於雲、長於雲。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了幫助企業更快、更好地完成這種轉變，邁入“雲原生 2.0”時代，成爲新雲原生企業。自首次提出雲原生 2.0 的概念之後，華爲雲就發佈了雲原生產業白皮書、雲原生 2.0 全景圖和行動計劃，並分享了華爲自身基於雲原生進行的數字化轉型實踐，致力於讓每個企業都能成爲“新雲原生企業”；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/1b\/1baad5de126e3ae1081f3df86b699e81.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020 年 12 月 30 日，華爲雲在深圳舉行了雲原生 2.0 技術峯會。峯會上，華爲雲與深交所、順豐、鬥魚等客戶和夥伴共同探討雲原生技術前沿發展趨勢和行業應用實踐，解碼“新雲原生企業”成長之道；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/d3\/d320939a776ad92803857ed6fd1b0bf4.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021 年 4 月 8 日，第二屆華爲雲 TechWave 全球技術峯會在深圳舉行，華爲雲全棧雲原生技術再次升級，同時公佈了華爲雲 2021 產品上新計劃，發佈分佈式雲全系列產品組合等，加速實現全面雲化、全棧智能；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/2f\/2f1ac776413358c9766d41f56f0bce7b.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在結束不久的華爲開發者大會 2021（Cloud）上，華爲雲再發布全球最大的 AI 預訓練模型盤古大模型、雲容器集羣 CCE Turbo 等五大新品，雲原生 2.0 持續創新升級…"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/10\/105f93cd3f3f0d308a2c28f8100722a6.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果我們仔細觀察華爲雲的一系列動作，就會發現隱藏在一次次產品發佈和技術實踐背後的華爲雲賦能新雲原生企業方法論已經浮出水面。持續技術創新、沉澱最佳實踐、繁榮產業生態已經成爲了華爲雲賦能新雲原生企業的“三把尖刀”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續技術創新，“黑科技”加速全面雲化、全棧智能"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生 2.0 時代，企業雲化想要從“ON Cloud”走向“IN Cloud”，離不開技術的持續創新和升級。在首次提出雲原生 2.0 概念之後，華爲雲發佈了一系列技術創新產品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"華爲雲發佈了雲原生 2.0 全景圖，雲原生基礎設施全面升級：開創性的提出了“以應用爲中心”的雲原生基礎設施理念，支持多元算力，滿足不同場景的個性化算力需求；華爲雲 DevCloud 支持全流程 DevSecOps，可實現 10 倍效率提升；通過 FusionInsight 及數據使能服務 DAYU、GaussDB 數據庫實現數據智能化治理，讓 AI 能力貫穿數據處理流程；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當雲計算進入深水區，面對不同行業、場景、業務的上雲需求，華爲雲還重磅發佈了八大系列新品，包括分佈式雲全系列產品組合、新一代計算實例、雲原生服務中心 OSC、容器鏡像倉庫 SWR、容器洞察引擎 CIE、超低時延直播、自由視角、網絡研討會等，加速實現全面雲化、全棧智能；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"站在華爲雲現有豐富的產品和技術的基礎上，華爲開發者大會 2021（Cloud）上再發布了五大新品，全球最大的 AI 預訓練模型盤古大模型、雲容器集羣 CCE Turbo、雲原生金融級分佈式數據庫 GaussDB(for openGauss)、可信智能計算服務 TICS、下一代雲原生應用開發工具 CloudIDE，全棧雲原生能力持續增強。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外，據統計，僅 2020 年在華爲雲舉辦的 12 場技術峯會和技術專題日上，華爲雲共發佈包括應用平臺 ROMA、EI 工業智能體 2.0、GaussDB 系列新品、全球獨家雙零損耗裸金屬容器、實時音視頻（RTC）、華爲雲會議、數據使能解決方案等 20+ 黑科技新品，同時與政企客戶、科研機構及學術界嘉賓等共同分享行業創新實踐，將技術創新轉化爲產業升級新動能。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"沉澱技術實踐，讓雲原生普惠千行百業"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在雲原生 1.0 階段，泛互聯網企業是上雲的主力，而到了 2.0 階段，大批傳統行業的企業開始成規模、快速地上雲。基於華爲雲 AI、大數據、音視頻、邊緣計算等雲原生技術，每個企業都能成爲新雲原生企業，雲原生 2.0 的藍圖正在千行百業中快速鋪開。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"夢餉集團是一家電商基礎設施提供商，該公司平臺擁有超 200 萬註冊店主，平臺月 GMV 突破 10 億元。爲了應對公司快速增長的用戶需求，夢餉集團基於華爲雲全棧雲原生能力對 IT 架構進行了升級，總共梳理 500 多個應用，部署了華爲雲 50 多項雲服務，覆蓋計算、存儲、網絡、容器、安全、數據庫、大數據、 AI 等能力，真正從“資源、應用、 業務、安全”全方位進行架構升級，成爲“新雲原生企業”的標杆。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"美圖是華爲雲在泛互聯網行業的標杆客戶，其三大主流業務美顏相機、美拍、MT 秀秀的所有在線無狀態服務都部署在華爲雲 CCE+CCI 集羣上。相比於原先部署在 IDC，整個資源利用率提高了 21%，業務運行性能大幅提高。通過應用華爲雲客戶 CI\/CD 流程，業務上線時間從天級別縮短到了分鐘級；利用輕量級的 CCI 彈性容器方案，30 秒擴容 1000 臺容器實例，無需提前創建彈性資源，真正在業務高峯期實現了按需彈性，成本節約 20%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除此之外，華爲雲在泛互聯網、政府及公共事業、汽車、能源製造、交通物流以及生物醫療等領域都有多個標杆客戶。順豐“快遞 +”使用華爲云云原生解決方案，保障了 120 套應用系統全面上雲，研發系統全流程上線時間從 2 天縮短到 1 小時；華大基因採用華爲雲原生高性能計算解決方案，數據分析性能提升 40%，成本降低 50%；鬥魚基於華爲云云原生視頻服務，構建了實時雲端特效，爲用戶提供“無感”實時互動體驗。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"取之於開源，用之於開源，持續賦能產業開源生態"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"取之於開源，用之於開源，在使用開源技術的同時，持續投入開源技術研究和行業實踐，並積極回饋開源社區，纔是開源生態能夠持續發展的“正確之路”。近幾年，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"華爲雲一直在積極推動雲原生產業快速良性發展"},{"type":"text","text":"，爲開源社區貢獻力量，陸續開源了 KubeEdge、Karmada、openGauss 等多個項目。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"KubeEdge 建立在 Kubernetes 之上，將 K8s 原生的容器編排和調度能力擴展到邊緣，併爲邊緣應用部署、雲與邊緣間的元數據同步、邊緣設備管理等提供基礎架構支持；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Karmada 項目名稱意爲 Kubernetes Armada（容器艦隊），旨在解決集羣聯邦領域用戶痛點和訴求，爲客戶提供端到端的一站式解決方案；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Volcano 是基於 Kubernetes 的雲原生批量計算引擎，補齊了 K8s 在面向 AI、大數據、高性能計算等批量計算任務調度、編排等場景下的短板；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"openGauss 是一個開源的數據庫平臺，具備企業級複雜事務混合負載能力，同時支持分佈式事務，同城跨 AZ 部署，數據 0 丟失，支持 1000+ 節點的擴展能力，PB 級海量存儲等能力，截至 2020 年底官方網站訪問量 50 萬 +，社區參與貢獻人數超 500；"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"除了貢獻開源項目，華爲雲也積極投身到開源社區的建設當中"},{"type":"text","text":"。目前，華爲在主流開源社區中擁有 200 多個 TSC、PMC、PTL、Maintainer、Committer 等席位，以及十多個董事席位。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"爲了將雲原生實踐經驗賦能給更多行業，幫助他們成功實現轉型，共同建造雲原生產業"},{"type":"text","text":"， 2020 年 12 月 30 日，華爲雲還聯合 CNCF、中國信通院及業界雲原生技術精英們，共同發佈全球化雲原生交流平臺“創原會”。在創原會交流平臺上，大家可以共同探索前沿的雲原生技術、共享產業落地實踐，創造雲原生與業務融合的無限可能。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了更好的向業界全面闡述雲原生 2.0，華爲雲與中國信通院聯合發佈了《雲原生 2.0 白皮書》，三十餘位雲原生專家參與了白皮書的撰寫，詮釋了雲原生 2.0 “IN Cloud”的核心理念，分享了雲原生行業實踐。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在雲原生 2.0 時代，以容器、微服務、Serverless、DevOps 等爲代表的先進雲原生技術與大數據、人工智能、邊緣 計算、視頻、區塊鏈等技術相互融合，能夠提供更智能、更敏捷、更高效的服務。如何才能讓雲原生根植於每一個行業的架構之中，也許我們可以從華爲雲賦能新雲原生企業的三把尖刀中找到答案和捷徑。"}]}]}