基于ECS搭建FTP服务

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基于ECS搭建FTP服务","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. 资源创建","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这里直接使用阿里云提供的免费服务器，单击【免费开通】 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/4d/4d08f32afaf6892ba39cc2c873312e72.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可以看到其为我们提供了用户名 & 密码 & 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","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"anon_upload_enable=YES","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"（匿名上传权限） 这一行，按 i 进行并编辑，取消其注释，然后按 ESC 键退出编辑模式，输入 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":":wq","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":" 保存并退出 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/c7/c7ee576c642f53b52226455fe24c32e2.pngr","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更改 /var/ftp/pub 目录的权限，为FTP用户添加写权限","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":1,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"命令：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"chmod o+w 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","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"ftp://139.196.209.227:21","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。可以看到，我们无需输入用户名和密码即可访问，访问结果如下： ","attrs":{}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/72/72b762c3555fbee070eda957c9ff1a42.pngr","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.2 本地用户模式","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.2.1 用户 & 文件目录创建","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为FTP服务创建一个Linux用户","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":1,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"命令：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"adduser 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被动模式】","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在配置之前先大概了解一下主动模式和被动模式","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"主动模式：服务器的数据端口20主动连接客户端的数据端口【对FTP服务器端的管理有利，对客户端的管理不利】","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"被动模式：客户端主动跟服务器的20端口进行连接【对FTP客户端的管理有利，对服务器端的管理不利】","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.2.2.1 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\"allow_writeable_chroot=YES\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf \n echo \"local_root=/var/ftp/test\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #设置本地用户登录后所在的目录\n","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.2.2.2 被动模式","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"命令如下","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" sed -i 's/anonymous_enable=YES/anonymous_enable=NO/' /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #禁止匿名登录FTP服务器 \n sed -i 's/listen=NO/listen=YES/' /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #监听IPv4 sockets \n sed -i 's/listen_ipv6=YES/#listen_ipv6=YES/' /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #关闭监听IPv6 sockets \n sed -i 's/#chroot_local_user=YES/chroot_local_user=YES/' /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #全部用户被限制在主目录 \n sed -i 's/#chroot_list_enable=YES/chroot_list_enable=YES/' /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #启用例外用户名单 \n sed -i 's/#chroot_list_file=/chroot_list_file=/' /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #指定例外用户列表文件，列表中的用户不被锁定在主目录 \n echo \"allow_writeable_chroot=YES\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf \n echo \"local_root=/var/ftp/test\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #设置本地用户登录后所在的目录 \n \n echo \"pasv_enable=YES\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #开启被动模式 \n echo \"pasv_address=\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #本教程中为ECS服务器弹性IP \n echo \"pasv_min_port=20\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #设置被动模式下，建立数据传输可使用的端口范围的最小值 \n echo \"pasv_max_port=21\" >> /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf #设置被动模式下，建立数据传输可使用的端口范围的最大值\n","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.2.3 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和自己设置好的密码进行访问 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/a3/a3a6ecabc294d84439fdf7ffd06f230a.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"登录成功后界面如下，此时我们就可以对FTP文件进行相应权限的操作 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/6c/6c55084d635889431e0e640a8e1fa7c0.pngr","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}}]}]}],"attrs":{}}]}